Assessment of Body Composition by Hand-to-Foot and Foot-to-Foot Bioelectrical Impedance Method: Effect of Menstrual Cycle

Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare body composition parameters determined by hand-to-foot (BIAH-F) and foot-to-foot (BIAF-F) bioelectrical impedance methods and to investigate the effect of menstrual cycle on different BIA methods. The subjects of the study were 17 healthy volunteer active female athletes aged 18-40 years (age = 20.6 ± 3.5 years, menstrual cycle = 28.8 ± 1.2 days) with a regular menstrual cycle for the last 6 months. Body fat percentage (BFP), lean body mass (LBM) and total body water (TBW) were measured by BIAA-A and BIAE-A methods during the early follicular phase (EFF) (days 2 to 5), ovulatory phase (OF) (days 13 to 15) and luteal phase (LF) (days 21 to 25) of the menstrual cycle in random order. Different phases of the menstrual cycle were confirmed by follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol and progesterone hormone analyses. A 2 x 3 (Method x Menstrual phase) repeated measures two-way analysis of variance was used to analyze the data obtained with both methods at different phases of the menstrual cycle. Hormone levels measured in different phases of the menstrual cycle were significantly different (p < 0.01). The effect of menstrual cycle on BW (63.7 ± 11.2 kg for EFF, 63.5 ± 10.7 kg for OF, 64.0 ± 11.1 kg for LF) was not significant (p > 0.05). The effect of menstrual cycle on BFP, LBM and TBW was also not significant (p > 0.05). There was no significant difference between BFP and LBM measured by BIAA-A and BIAE-A methods (p > 0.05). On the other hand, there was a statistically significant difference between TBW values measured by BIAA-A and BIAE-A methods (p < 0.01). When compared with BIAE-A, the TBW measured by BIAA-A was significantly higher. Menstrual phase x Method interaction statistics were not significant for all variables (p > 0.05). The results of this study showed that body composition variables measured by BIAA-A and BIAE-A methods are comparable in women. In addition, the findings of this study also showed that the menstrual cycle did not have a confounding effect on body composition measured by different BIA technologies.

Keywords

• Bioelectrical impedance analysis
• Menstrual cycle
• Body composition

Project Number

Bu çalışma TÜBİTAK 1002 Projeleri kapsamında desteklenmiştir (Proje Numarası: 222S830)

Elden Ayağa ve Ayaktan Ayağa Biyoelektrik İmpedans Yöntemi ile Vücut Kompozisyonun Değerlendirilmesi: Menstrual Döngünün Etkisi

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, elden-ayağa (BIAE-A) ve ayaktan-ayağa (BIAA-A) biyoelektrik impedans yöntemleri ile belirlenen vücut kompozisyonu parametrelerini karşılaştırmak ve menstrual döngünün farklı BIA yöntemleri üzerine etkisini incelemektir. Çalışmanın araştırma grubunu son 6 aydır düzenli menstrual döngüye sahip, 18-40 yaş aralığındaki sağlıklı 17 gönüllü aktif kadın sporcu (yaş = 20,6 ± 3,5 yıl, menstrual döngü süresi = 28,8 ± 1,2 gün) oluşturmuştur. Katılımcıların, rastgele sırayla, menstrual döngünün erken foliküler fazında (EFF) (2.- 5. günlerinde), ovulasyon fazında (OF) (13.- 15. günlerinde) ve luteal fazında (LF) (21.-25. günlerinde) BIAA-A ve BIAE-A yöntemleri ile vücut yağ yüzdesi (VYY), yağsız vücut kütlesi (YVK) ve total vücut suyu (TVS) ölçülmüştür. Menstrual döngünün farklı fazları folikül stimulan hormon, lüteinleştirici hormon, estradiol ve progesteron hormon analizleri ile teyit edilmiştir. Her iki yöntemle menstrual döngünün farklı fazlarında elde edilen verilerin analizi için 2 x 3 (Yöntem x Menstrual faz) Tekrarlı Ölçümlerde Çift Yönlü Varyans Analizi kullanılmıştır. Menstrual döngünün farklı fazlarında ölçülen hormon düzeyleri anlamlı derecede farklıdır (p > 0.01). Menstrual döngünün vücut ağırlığı (EFF için 63,7 ± 11,2 kg, OF için 63,5 ± 10,7 kg, LF için 64,0 ± 11,1 kg) üzerine etkisi anlamlı bulunmamıştır (p > 0,05). Benzer şekilde menstrual döngünün VYY, YVK ve TVS üzerine etkisi de anlamlı değildir (p > 0,05). BIAA-A ve BIAE-A yöntemleri ile ölçülen VYY ve YVK değerleri arasında anlamlı fark saptanmamıştır (p >0,05). Buna karşılık BIAA-A ve BIAE-A yöntemleri ile ölçülen TVS değerleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark vardır (p < 0,01). BIAE-A ile karşılaştırıldığında BIAA-A’da ölçülen TVS anlamlı derecede yüksektir. Tüm değişkenler için Menstrual faz x Yöntem etkileşim istatistikleri anlamlı bulunmamıştır (p>0,05). Bu çalışmanın bulguları, kadınlarda BIAA-A ve BIAE-A yöntemleri ile ölçülen vücut kompozisyonu değişkenlerinin karşılaştırılabilir olduğunu göstermiştir. Ek olarak bulgular, menstrual döngünün farklı BIA teknolojileri ile ölçülen vücut kompozisyonu üzerinde kısıtlayıcı bir etkisi olmadığını da göstermiştir.

Keywords

• Biyoelektrik impedans analizi
• Menstrual döngü
• Vücut kompozisyonu

Supporting Institution

TÜBİTAK

Project Number

Bu çalışma TÜBİTAK 1002 Projeleri kapsamında desteklenmiştir (Proje Numarası: 222S830)

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