Evaluation of the Relationship Between Nutritional Status, Nutritional Knowledge, Caffeine Consumption and Body Composition of Professional Soccer and Volleyball Players

Abstract

The aim of this study is to evaluate the nutritional knowledge and nutritional intake of professional football and volleyball players and to compare the relationship between caffeine intake and body composition. It was conducted on a total of 43 professional male athletes aged 18-35, 19 professional football players who played in a football team of Turkish Football Federation (TFF) 1st League and 24 professional volleyball players from two different volleyball teams of Turkish Volleyball Federation (TVF). A questionnaire was applied to the participants in order to determine their sociodemographic characteristics, general characteristics, dietary habits and caffeine intake. Nutritional knowledge levels of the participants were determined by Turkish version of the Nutrition for Sport Knowledge Questionnaire (NSKQ). It was observed that the height (cm), body weight (kg) and body fat mass (kg) of volleyball players were higher than the football players (p<0.05). In this study, football players' energy (kcal), carbohydrate, polyunsaturated fatty acids (%), pulp (g), vitamin A (µg / RE), vitamin E (mg) , thiamine (mg), riboflavin (mg), folate (mcg), vitamin C (mg), vitamin B6 (mg), potassium (mg), calcium (mg), magnesium (mg) and phosphorus (mg) was higher than volleyball players (p<0.05). In this study, the average daily caffeine intake of football players was 295.47±69.73 mg; and that of volleyball players was 347.53±238.62 mg, and there was a negative relationship between daily caffeine intake and body weight in both groups, but it was not statistically significant. Finally; It was determined that volleyball players have lower nutritional knowledge level compared to football players (p<0.05), but they have "less knowledge" level in both groups about sports nutrition. The results of this study; It has been shown that steps should be taken to eliminate the lack of nutritional knowledge of football players and volleyball players, to increase their knowledge in this field, to change their nutritional habits in a positive way and accordingly to improve their sportive performance.

Keywords

• Athletes
• Nutritional status
• Nutrition knowledge
• Caffeine consumption

Profesyonel Futbol ve Voleybol Oyuncularının Beslenme Durumları, Beslenme Bilgi Düzeyleri, Kafein Alımları ve Vücut Kompozisyonları Arasındaki İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışma; profesyonel futbolcular ve voleybolcuların beslenme bilgi düzeyleri ve besin tüketim durumlarının değerlendirilmesi ile kafein alımları ve vücut kompozisyonları arasındaki ilişkinin karşılaştırılması amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmaya; Türkiye Futbol Federasyonu (TFF) 1. Lig’de yer alan bir futbol kulübünde oynayan 19 futbolcu ile Türkiye Voleybol Federasyonu’na (TVF) bağlı iki farklı voleybol takımında oynayan 24 voleybolcu olmak üzere 18-35 yaş arası toplam 43 erkek sporcu katılmıştır. Sporcuların; sosyodemografik özellikleri, beslenme alışkanlıkları ve kafein alımları çoktan seçmeli soruların olduğu anket formuyla, beslenme bilgi düzeyleri ise Sporcu Beslenme Bilgisi Ölçeği (SBBÖ) ile belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada voleybolcuların boy uzunluğu (cm), vücut ağırlığı (kg) ve vücut yağ kütlesinin (kg) futbolculara kıyasla daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür (p<0.05). Çalışmada futbolcuların enerji (kkal), karbonhidrat (%), çoklu doymamış yağ asitleri (%), posa (g), A vitamini (µg/RE), E vitamini (mg), tiamin (mg), riboflavin (mg), folat (mcg), C vitamini (mg) ve B6 vitamini (mg), potasyum (mg), kalsiyum (mg), magnezyum (mg) ve fosfor (mg) alımları voleybolculara göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Çalışmada futbolcuların toplam günlük kafein alım miktarları ortalama 295.47±69.73 mg; voleybolcuların ise 347.53±238.62 mg olduğu ve her iki grupta günlük kafein alımı ile vücut ağırlığı arasında negatif yönde bir ilişki olduğu görülmüş ancak istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bulunmamıştır. Son olarak; voleybolcuların futbolculara kıyasla daha düşük beslenme bilgi düzeyine sahip olduğu (p<0.05) ancak spor beslenmesi konusunda her iki grubun da “zayıf bilgi” düzeyine sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma sonuçları; futbolcular ve voleybolcuların beslenme bilgisi yetersizliğini gidermek, bu alandaki bilgilerini artırmak, beslenme alışkanlıklarını olumlu yönde değiştirmek ve buna bağlı olarak sportif performanslarını iyileştirmek için adımlar atılması gerektiğini göstermiştir.

Keywords

• Sporcu
• Beslenme alışkanlıkları
• Beslenme bilgisi
• Kafein tüketimi

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