Assessment of diet quality and nutrition status of Turkish elite adolescent male soccer players

Öz

This study aimed to assess the anthropometric characteristics, nutrient intake levels, nutritional status of elite adolescent soccer players, and the dietary quality of athletes. Elite male adolescent soccer players of the youth soccer team of a soccer club in the Turkish Super League were included in this study by categorizing them into three separate groups as U14/U15 (n=32), U16/U17 (n=44), and U19 (n=17). Anthropometric measurements of the athletes and food consumption records for three consecutive days were recorded during the competition season. Although the available energy value of the U14/U15 group was higher than the other groups, the available energy was determined to be at a suboptimal level in all groups. The U14/U15 group had the highest Health Eating Index-2015 score (43.7±5.57), while the score was 42.9±4.79 in the U19 group and 42.1±3.69 in the U16/U17 group (p>0.05), and 93.5% of the players were determined to be in the group with poor diet quality. The carbohydrate intake of adolescent soccer players was 5.3±1.16 g/kg body mass/day in the U14/U15 group, while it was 4.4 ± 0.87 g/kg body mass/day in the U16/U17 group, and 4.4±0.94 g/kg body mass/day in the U19 group. In this study, it was found out that adolescent football players had a poor diet quality, their carbohydrate consumption was inadequate, their fat intake level was high, and the protein intake was high in the U14/15 group whereas it was at the recommended levels in other groups. Providing recurrent nutritional training to adolescent football players and their families would assist athletes in gaining healthy eating habits as well as increasing their performance.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Adolescent
• Soccer
• Energy Availability
• Health Eating Index-2015
• Nutritional Status

Elit Adölesan Erkek Türk Futbolcularda Beslenme Durumunun ve Diyet Kalitesinin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmada elit erkek adölesan futbolcuların beslenme durumlarının, besin ögesi alımlarının, antropometrik ölçümlerinin ve diyet kalitelerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Türkiye Süper Liginde oynayan bir futbol takımında yer alan oyuncular U14/U15 (n=32), U16/U17 (n=44) ve U19 (n=17) şeklinde üç gruba ayrılarak çalışmaya dahil edilmişlerdir. Antropometrik ölçümler ve ardışık üç günlük besin tüketim kayıtları müsabaka sezon devam ederken alınmıştır. U14/U15 grubundaki oyuncuların kullanılabilir enerji düzeyi diğer gruplardan daha yüksek olmasına rağmen tüm gruplarda azalmış kullanılabilir enerji düzeyinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. En yüksek Sağlıklı Yeme İndeksi-2015 skoru U14/U15 grubunda (43.7±5.57) bulunurken, U19 grubunda 42.9±4.79 ve U16/U17 grubunda 42.1±3.69 olarak saptanmıştır (p>0.05). Tüm oyuncular değerlendirildiğinde sporcuların %93.5’i kötü diyet kalitesine sahiptir. U14/U15 grubunda yer alan sporcuların karbonhidrat alımı 5.3±1.16 g/kg beden ağırlığı/gün, U16/U17 grubunda 4.4±0.87 g/kg beden ağırlığı/gün ve U19 grubunda 4.4±0.94 g/kg beden ağırlığı/gün olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada adölesan futbolcuların kötü bir diyet kalitesine sahip oldukları, karbonhidrat tüketimlerinin yetersiz, yağ alım düzeylerinin yüksek ve protein alımlarının U14/15 grubunda yüksek iken diğer gruplarda önerilen düzeylerde olduğu saptanmıştır. Adölesan futbolculara ve ailelerine tekrarlayan beslenme eğitimi verilmesi, sporcuların sağlıklı beslenme alışkanlıkları kazanmalarına ve performanslarını artırmalarına yardımcı olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Adölesan
• Futbol
• Kullanılabilir Enerji
• Sağlıklı Yeme İndeksi-2015
• Beslenme Durumu

Kaynakça

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