Comparison of the Contributions of Knee and Hip Muscle Strength on Maximum Oxygen Consumption Parameters During Continuous and Constant Test Protocols

Abstract

Preliminary VO_2max verification testing allows to examine the reproducibility of comparable tests in the same participants and helps to verify whether neuromuscular performance is associated with VO_2max during different testing conditions. The main purpose of this study was to compare VO_2max values obtained using a graded treadmill and cycling protocols and to verify whether the results are also reproducible during the constant time to exhaustion testing protocols. The second rationale of the study was to characterize the contributions of hip and knee muscle strength during four different testing conditions, and to determine how these quantities change when altering the modality of exercise for a given exercise intensity. A repeated measures study design was used. A total of 20 healthy male participants (21.20±2.17 years) underwent preliminary VO_2max testing sessions on treadmill and cycling ergometers with 24 h intervals. Isokinetic strength performance of hip and knee muscles was tested at 60^o /sec angular velocity. A paired and independent sample t test was performed for inter group and intra group comparisons. Linear regression was applied to determine the percentage of variation in VO_2max testing outputs during either testing modality explained by hip and knee muscle streng th parameters. Lower extremity strength characteristics of hip and knee were symmetric between the dominant and nondominant limb (p>0.05). VO_2max and blood lactate concentration were significantly greater during constant testing protocols for either testi ng modalities (p<0.001). Hip muscle strength performance explained a greater variation in VO 2max parameters during incremental (cycling r² =0.25, running r² = 0.24) and constant (cycling r² = 0.35, running r² = 0.33) testing protocols for either testing modal ity compared to the contribution of knee muscle strength performance on VO_2max parameters during incremental (cycling r² = 0.17, running r² = 0.17) and constant (cycling r² = 0.23, running r² = 0.18) testing protocols. The local muscular performance of the hip and knee muscles were strongly related with the changes in running and cycling mechanics and hip muscles had a greater contribution to the VO_2max performance during constant protocols than knee muscles . In conclusion, the extent to which contribution of lower extremity muscles during VO_2max testing relies more on the mode of the exercise rather than the type of the testing modality.

Keywords

• Oxygen consumption
• exercise intensity
• neuromuscular performance

Diz ve Kalça Kas Kuvvetinin Kademeli ve Sabit Test Protokolleri Sırasındaki Maksimum Oksijen Tüketim Parametrelerine Etkisinin Karşılaştırılması

Abstract

Doğrulayıcı VO_2maks testi, aynı katılımcılarda karşılaştırılabilir testlerden elde edilen ölçümlerin tekrarlanabilirliğini incelemeye olanak sağlarken farklı test koşulları sırasında nöromüsküler performansın VO_2maks ile ilişkili olup olmadığını doğrulamaya yardımcı olur. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, kademeli koşu bandı ve bisiklet protokolleri kullanılarak elde edilen VO_2maks değerlerini karşılaştırmak ve sonuçların sabit hızda uygulanan doğrulayıcı test protokolleri esnasında da tekrarlanabilir olup olmadığını doğrulamaktır. Çalışmanın ikinci amacı ise, kalça ve diz kas kuvvetinin dört farklı test koşulu sırasında VO_2maks performansına olan katkılarını karakterize etmek ve belirli bir egzersiz yoğunluğu için egzersiz modalitesini değiştirirken bu miktarların nasıl değiştiğini belirlemektir. Çalışma dizaynı olarak tekrarlanan ölçümler çalışma tasarımı kullanıldı. Toplam 20 sağlıklı erkek katılımcıya (21.20±2.17 yıl), 24 saatlik aralıklarla koşu bandı ve bisiklet ergometrelerinde ön VO_2maks testleri uygulandı. Kalça ve diz kaslarının izokinetik güç performansı 60^o/sn açısal hızda test edildi. Gruplar arası ve grup içi karşılaştırmalar için eşleştirilmiş ve bağımsız örneklem t testi uygulandı. Her iki test modalitesinde eld e edilen VO_2maks test çıktılarının kalça ve diz kas kuvvet parametreleri tarafından açıklanan varyans yüzdesini belirlemek için doğrusal regresyon analizi uygulandı. İzokinetik kalça ve diz kas kuvvet değerleri baskın ve baskın olmayan ekstremite arasında simetrikti (p>0.05). VO_2maks ve kan laktat konsantrasyonu, her iki test yöntemi için de sabit test protokolleri sırasında istatistiksel olarak daha yüksek bulundu (p<0.001). Kalça kas kuvvet performansının VO_2maks performansına olan katkısı hem artan (bisiklet r² = 0.25, koşu r² = 0.24) hem de sabit (bisiklet r² = 0.35, koşu r² = 0.33) test protokolleri sırasında diz kas kuvvetinin kademeli (bisiklet r 2 = 0.17, koşu r 2 = 0.17) ve sabit hızda (döngüsel r² = 0.23, çalışan r² = 0.18) gerçekleştirilen testlerden elde edilen VO_2maks parametrelerine olan katkısına kıyasla daha büyük bir varyasyonu açıkladı. Bu nedenle, kalça ve diz kaslarının lokal kas performansı, koşu ve bisiklet mekaniğindeki değişikliklerle güçlü bir şekilde ilişkili olduğu görülürken kalça kaslarının sabit protokoller sırasında VO_2maks performansına olan katkısı diz kaslarının katkısına oranla daha yüksek bulundu. Sonuç olarak, VO_2maks testi sırasında alt ekstremite kaslarının katkısının derecesi, test yöntem inden çok egzersiz moduna bağlı olduğu söylenebilir.

Keywords

• oksijen tüketimi
• egzersiz şiddeti
• nöromüsküler performance

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