Theoretical Article
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Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 47 - 63, 08.09.2021

Işıl Avşar Arık

Abstract

Demographic transformation and urbanization are two important phenomena in the twenty-first century. With the demographic transformation as the population aging increases all over the world, due to the concentration of the general population in cities the aging population living in cities increase. On the other hand, the neoliberal economy politics that revealed after 1980, have been caused substantial changes in the aspect of physical at first and then social and cultural. This transformation in cities has been discussed by critical urban theories, however, the debates on this subject which sees from the aspect of the older adult stayed very limited. Neoliberal policies and structural factors on urban aging have not been adequately evaluated. The subject of urban aging has studied frequently with the concepts such as active aging, successful aging, and aging-in-place in recent years, and the idea of Age Friendly Cities and Communities (AFCC), put forward by the World Health Organization, which has become a wider application of these concepts in recent years, has been widely accepted. However, the saturation of AFCC in theory has been limited in practice due to neoliberal urbanization practices; therefore, it has become the target of many criticisms. Within the context of these critics, this study aims to argue neoliberal economy politics of cities besides the impact of said politics on the experience of the older adult and why the AFCC has been targeted by these criticisms. Finally, in doing so, makes some recommendations in the light of right-based perspectives concerning urban aging.

Keywords

Aging Urbanism Aging in Urban Age Friendly Cities Right to the City Neoliberalism

References

  • Akoğlan Kozak, M , Acar, D , Zencir, E . (2019). Üçüncü Yaş Turizminin Geliştirilmesinde Yaşlı Dostu Şehir (YDŞ) Konsepti . Turizm Akademik Dergisi , 6 (2) , 99-114 . Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/touraj/issue/50389/577894.
  • Akyldız, N. A. (2015). İnsan-Mekân İlişkisi Bağlamında 'Yaşlı Dostu Mekânlar'. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Ankara: Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi.
  • Arun, Ö. (2020). Yaş Dostu Kentlere Doğru: Hızla Yaşlanan Bir Toplumda Yaş Dostu Çevreler Ve Hizmetler Yaratmak. İstanbul: Research Worldwide İstanbul.
  • Arun, Ö. (2021). Yaşlanma Göstergeleri. İçinde İnsan Hakları Kentleri Göstergeleri (Ed. Bahar Özden Coşgun Ve Gülin Özdemir Eroğlu). Ankara: Emsal Matbaa.
  • Buffel, T., Phillipson, And C. Scharf, T. (2012). Experiences Of Neighbourhood Exclusion And İnclusion Among Older People Living in Deprived İnner-City Areas in Belgium And England. Ageing And Society, 33: 89-109.
  • Buffel, T. And Phillipson, C. (2016). Can Global Cities Be ‘Age-Friendly Cities’? Urban Development And Ageing Populations. Cities, 55, 94-100.
  • Buffel, T. And Phillipson, C. (2018). A Manifesto For The Age-Friendly Movement: Developing A New Urban Agenda. Journal Of Aging & Social Policy, 30:2, 173-192, https://doi.org/10.1080/08959420.2018.1430414.
  • Castells, M. (2014 [1978]). Kent, Sınıf, İktidar (Çev. Asuman Türkün). Ankara: Phoenix Yayınevi.
  • Coleman, v. J. (2015). The Greying of American Cities: Evaluating Built Environment Indicators for Ensuring an Age-Friendly City. A Thesis Submitted İn Partial Satisfaction Of The Requirements For The Degree Master Of Urban And Regional Planning. Los Angeles Unıversıty Of Calıfornia.
  • Durdubaş, K. (2015). Yaşlı Dostu Kentler İçin Eşitlik İlkesinin Sosyal Politikalar İçin Önemi. Yaşlı Dostu Kentler Sempozyumu Bildiri Kitabı.
  • Düzenli, T. Ve Alpak, E. M. (2017). Yaşlıların Kentsel Açık Mekan Kullanımlarının İncelenmesi: Trabzon Kenti Örneği. Yaşlı Sorunları Araştırma Dergisi, 10 (2), 1-8.
  • Filho, A.S. (2014). Neoliberalizm; Muhalif Bir Seçki. İstanbul: Yordam Kitap
  • Finlay, J. M. And Finn B. M. (2020). Geography’s Blind Spot: The Age-Old Urban Question. Urban Geograpy, DOI: 10.1080/02723638.2020.1742468.
  • Hankivsky O, Cormier R. (2011). Intersectionality and Public Policy: Some Lessons from Existing Models. Political Research Quarterly. 64(1):217-229. DOI:10.1177/1065912910376385.
  • Harvey, D. (2008). The Right To The City. New Left Review.
  • Harvey, D. (2015). Asi Şehirler: Şehir Hakkından Kentsel Devrime Doğru.Ayşe Deniz Temiz, Çev.) İstanbul: Metis Yayınları.
  • Holton, R.J. (1999). Kentler, Kapitalizm ve Uygarlık (Çev. R. Keleş). Ankara: İmge Kitabevi.
  • Joy, M. (2017). An Urban Revolution Through Age Friendly Cities: The Case Of Toronto. Dissertation Presented To Ryerson University İn Partial Fulfillment Of The Requirements For The Degree Of Doctor Of Philosophy İn The Program Of Policy Studies. Toronto: University Of Toronto.
  • Joy, M. (2021). Neoliberal Rationality And The Age Friendly Cities And Communities Program: Reflections On The Toronto Case. Cities, 108.
  • Kendig, H. (2003). Directions in Environmental Gerontology: A Multidisciplinary Field. The Gerontologist, 43 (5): 611-15.
  • Kurtuluş, h. (2019). Kentsel dönüşümün sessiz mağdurları yaşlılar. İçinde, Mekanda Adalet Ve Yaşlılık. Ed. Didem Danış ve Adnan Yaşar Adanalı. Beyond.İstanbul.
  • Lawton, M. P. (1980). Housing The Elderly: Residental Quality And Residental Satisfaction. Research On Aging, 2 (3), 309-328.
  • Lefebvre, H. (1996). Writings on Cities. (Çev. ve Ed. Eleonore Kofman and Elizabeth Lebas). Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.
  • Lefebvre, H. (2017). Şehir Hakkı. (Çev. Işık Ergüden). İstanbul: Sel Yayınları.
  • Lehning, A. J., Smith, R. J. & Kim, K. (2016): “Friendly” Initiatives: An Emerging Approach to Improve Communities for Vulnerable Populations. Journal of Policy Practice, DOI: 10.1080/15588742.2015.1125331.
  • Levasseur, M., Dubois, M. F., Genereux, M., Menec, V., Raina, P., Roy, M., Gabaude, C., Couturier, Y. And St-Pierre, C., (2017). Capturing How Age-Friendly Communities Foster Positive Health, Social Participation and Health Equity: A Study Protocol Of Key Components And Processes That Promote Population Health İn Aging Canadians. BMC Public Health, 17.
  • Liira, H., Mavaddat, N., Eineluoto, M., Kautiainen, H., Strandberg, T., Suominen, M., ... and Pitkälä, K. (2018). Health-related quality of life as a predictor of mortality in heterogeneous samples of older adults. European Geriatric Medicine, 9(2), 227-234.
  • Lui, C. W., Everingham, J. A., Warburton, J., Cuthill, M. And Bartlett, H. (2009). What Makes A Community Age-Friedly: A Review Of International Literature. Australasian Journal On Ageing, 28 (3), 116–121.
  • Marrifield, A. (2017). Yeni Kent Sorunu.(Çev. Duygu Toprak Ve Ceren Akyos). İstanbul: Tekin Yayınevi.
  • Menec, V., Menas, R., Keating, N., Parkhurts, G. And Eales, J. (2011). Conceptualizing Age-Friendly Communities. Canadian Journal On Aging, 30 (3), 479-493.
  • Mitchell, D. (2014). Kent Hakkı: Sosyal Adalet Ve Kamusal Alan Mücadelesi (Çev. Aydın Çavdar). İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  • Moore, E.G. And Pacey, M.A. (2004). Geographic Dimensions Of Ageing in Canada 1991-2001. Canadian Journal Of Ageing, 23, 5-21.
  • Moulaert, T., Boudiny, K. And Paris, M. (2016). Active And Healthy Ageing: Blended Models And Common Challenges İn Supporting Age-Friendly Cities And Communities (in) International Comparision: Political Lessons, Scientific Avenues, And Democratic İssues (Thibauld Moulaert And Suzannegaron, Eds.). Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
  • Moulaert, T. And Garon, S. (2016). Age-Friendly Cities And Communities İn International Comparison Political Lessons, Scientific Avenues, And Democratic Issues (Eds. Thibauld Moulaert And Suzanne Garon). Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
  • Moulaert, T., Wanka, A. And Drilling, M. (2018). The Social Production Of Age, Space And Exclusion: Towards A More Theory-Driven Understanding Of Spatial Exclusion Mechanisms in Later Life. Sociální Studia / Social Studies, Masaryk University, 15 (1): 9-23. Hal-01895265v2.
  • Nieboer, A. P. And Cramm, J. M. (2017). Age-Friendly Communities Matter For Older People’s Well-Being. Journal Of Happiness Studies, 19, 2405-2420.
  • Öztürk, A. Ç. Ve Turan Kızıldoğan, E. (2017). Yaşlı Bireylerin Kentsel/Kamusal Mekanları Kullanım Analizi: Eskişehir Örneği. Yaşlı Sorunları Araştırma Dergisi, 10 (1), 1-13.
  • Phillipson, C. (2004). Urbanısatıon And Ageıng: Towards A New Envıronmental Gerontology. Ageing And Society, 24 (6): 963-72. Doı: 10.1017/S0144686x04002405.
  • Phillipson, C. (2010). Ageing And Urban Society: Growing Old İn The ‘Century Of The City’. İn The Sage Hanbook Of Social Gerontology. (Eds. Dale Dannefer And Chris Phillipson). London: SAGE Publications Ltd.
  • Purcell, M. (2003). Citizenship And The Right To The Global City: Reimagining The Capitalist World Order. International Journal Of Urban And Regional Research, 27 (3), 564-90.
  • Savage, M. And Warde, A. (1993). Urban Sociology, Capitalism and Modernity. London: The Macmillan Press Ltd.
  • Scharf, T., Phillipson, C. And Simith, A. E. (2005). Social Exclusion Of Older People İn Deprived Urban Communities Of England. Eur J Ageing (2005) 2: 76–87 DOI 10.1007/S10433-005-0025-6.
  • Scharlach, A. E. (2016). Age-Friendly Cities: For Whom? By Whom? For What Purpose? (in) International Comparision: Political Lessons, Scientific Avenues, And Democratic İssues (Thibauld Moulaert And Suzannegaron, Eds.). Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
  • Smith, A. E. (2009). Ageing In Urban Neighbourhoods. Bristol University Press.
  • Stavrides, S. (2016). Kentsel Heterotopya: Özgürleşme Mekanı Olarak Eşikler Kentine Doğru. (Çev. Ali Karatay). İstanbul: Sel Yayıncılık.
  • Şentürk, M. (2019). Yeni Kentleşme Dinamikleri Ve Kentte Yaşlılık, İçinde, Mekanda Adalet Ve Yaşlılık. Ed. Didem Danış ve Adnan Yaşar Adanalı. Beyond.İstanbul, 5, 61-69.
  • Şentürk, M. ve Kurtkapan, H. (2017). Yaşlılığın Mekansallaşması: Kadıköy Moda’daki Bir Apartman Üzerine Nitel Bir Çalışma. Senex Yaşlılık Çalışmaları Dergisi, 1, 4-19.
  • Tekeli, İ. (2014). Kent, Kentli Hakları, Kentleşme Ve Kentsel Dönüşüm. İlhan Tekeli Toplu Eserler-20. Tarih Vakfı Yayınları.
  • Torlak, S. (2016). Mekân Meselesine Bir Giriş. İçinde, Mekan Meselesi (Ed. Soner Torlak Ve Önder Kulak). İkinci Baskı. İstanbul: Tekin Yayınevi.
  • Tunçer, M. (2017). Urban Ageing and the Right to the City: Experiences of Elderly in Kadıköy. Dissertation. Sociology MA Programme. İstanbul: İstanbul Bilgi University.
  • Tutal, O. Ve Üstün, B. (2009). Yaşlılık Ve Yaş Dostu Kentler: Eskişehir. Yaşlı Sorunları Araştırma Dergisi, 1, 1-23.
  • United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision, Key Findings and Advance Tables. Working Paper No. ESA/P/WP/248.
  • Walker, A. (2016). Population Ageing From A Global And Theoretical Perspective: European Lessons on Active Ageing in Age-Friendly Cities An Communities (in) International Comparision: Political Lessons, Scientific Avenues, And Democratic İssues (Thibauld Moulaert And Suzannegaron, Eds.). Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
  • Walsh, K., Scharf, T. And Keating, N. (2016). Social Exclusion Of Older Persons: A Scoping Review And Conceptual Framework. European Journal Of Ageing, DOI 10.1007/S10433-016-0398-8.
  • Wanka, A., Moulaert, T. And Drilling, M. (2018). From Environmental Stress To Spatial Expulsion – Rethinking Concepts Of Socio-Spatial Exclusion in Later Life. International Journal Of Ageing And Later Life, 12(2): 25–51. DOI: 10.3384/İjal.1652-8670.18-402.
  • Woolrych, R. And Sixsmith, J. (2020). Ageıng in An Unequal World Implications For Age-Friendly Cities And Communities. CAPA, 4 (13). DOI: HTTPS://DOI.ORG/10.15210/PIXO.V4I13.19383.
  • World Health Organisation (2007). Global Age-Friendly Cities: A Guide.

Kentte Yaşlanma ve Yaş Dostu Kentler: Eleştirel Bir Değerlendirme

Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 47 - 63, 08.09.2021

Işıl Avşar Arık

Abstract

Yirmi birinci yüzyılın toplumsal değişmeleri arasında demografik dönüşüm ve kentleşme önemli bir yer tutar. Demografik dönüşümle birlikte yaşlı nüfus oranı tüm dünyada artarken, genel nüfusun kentlerde yoğunlaşmasıyla birlikte kentlerde yaşayan yaşlı nüfusta da artış görülmektedir. Öte yandan 1980 sonrası ortaya çıkan neoliberal politikalar kentlerin fiziki yapılarıyla birlikte, toplumsal ve kültürel boyutlarında da önemli değişikliklere sebep olmaktadır. Bu değişim, eleştirel kentleşme teorileri tarafından tartışılırken, konuya yaşlılar açısından bakan çalışmalar oldukça sınırlı kalmıştır. Kentte yaşlanmaya dair neoliberal politikalar ve yapısal faktörler yeterince değerlendirilmemiş; yaşam kalitesi, yerinde yaşlanma, aktif ve başarılı yaşlanma gibi kavramlar etrafında sıklıkla çalışılmış ve son yıllarda bu kavramların daha geniş bir uygulaması haline gelen Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’nün sunduğu Yaş Dostu Kentler ve Topluluklar (YDKT) düşüncesi oldukça kabul görmüştür. Fakat YDKT’nin teorideki doygunluğuna, neoliberal kentleşme pratikleri sebebiyle uygulamada tam anlamıyla ulaşılamamış, bu nedenle birçok eleştirinin hedefi haline gelmiştir. Eldeki çalışma bu doğrultuda kentlerin neoliberal ekonomi politiğini, bunun yaşlıların kenti deneyimleme noktasındaki etkilerini ve YDKT’nin neden bu eleştirilerin hedefinde olduğunu detaylı olarak
tartışmayı amaçlamaktadır. Son olarak ise kentte yaşlanma konusunda hak temelli perspektif ışığında önerilerde bulunmaktadır.

Keywords

Yaşlılık Kentleşme Kentte yaşlanma Yaş dostu kentler Kent hakkı Neoliberalizm

References

  • Akoğlan Kozak, M , Acar, D , Zencir, E . (2019). Üçüncü Yaş Turizminin Geliştirilmesinde Yaşlı Dostu Şehir (YDŞ) Konsepti . Turizm Akademik Dergisi , 6 (2) , 99-114 . Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/touraj/issue/50389/577894.
  • Akyldız, N. A. (2015). İnsan-Mekân İlişkisi Bağlamında 'Yaşlı Dostu Mekânlar'. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Ankara: Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi.
  • Arun, Ö. (2020). Yaş Dostu Kentlere Doğru: Hızla Yaşlanan Bir Toplumda Yaş Dostu Çevreler Ve Hizmetler Yaratmak. İstanbul: Research Worldwide İstanbul.
  • Arun, Ö. (2021). Yaşlanma Göstergeleri. İçinde İnsan Hakları Kentleri Göstergeleri (Ed. Bahar Özden Coşgun Ve Gülin Özdemir Eroğlu). Ankara: Emsal Matbaa.
  • Buffel, T., Phillipson, And C. Scharf, T. (2012). Experiences Of Neighbourhood Exclusion And İnclusion Among Older People Living in Deprived İnner-City Areas in Belgium And England. Ageing And Society, 33: 89-109.
  • Buffel, T. And Phillipson, C. (2016). Can Global Cities Be ‘Age-Friendly Cities’? Urban Development And Ageing Populations. Cities, 55, 94-100.
  • Buffel, T. And Phillipson, C. (2018). A Manifesto For The Age-Friendly Movement: Developing A New Urban Agenda. Journal Of Aging & Social Policy, 30:2, 173-192, https://doi.org/10.1080/08959420.2018.1430414.
  • Castells, M. (2014 [1978]). Kent, Sınıf, İktidar (Çev. Asuman Türkün). Ankara: Phoenix Yayınevi.
  • Coleman, v. J. (2015). The Greying of American Cities: Evaluating Built Environment Indicators for Ensuring an Age-Friendly City. A Thesis Submitted İn Partial Satisfaction Of The Requirements For The Degree Master Of Urban And Regional Planning. Los Angeles Unıversıty Of Calıfornia.
  • Durdubaş, K. (2015). Yaşlı Dostu Kentler İçin Eşitlik İlkesinin Sosyal Politikalar İçin Önemi. Yaşlı Dostu Kentler Sempozyumu Bildiri Kitabı.
  • Düzenli, T. Ve Alpak, E. M. (2017). Yaşlıların Kentsel Açık Mekan Kullanımlarının İncelenmesi: Trabzon Kenti Örneği. Yaşlı Sorunları Araştırma Dergisi, 10 (2), 1-8.
  • Filho, A.S. (2014). Neoliberalizm; Muhalif Bir Seçki. İstanbul: Yordam Kitap
  • Finlay, J. M. And Finn B. M. (2020). Geography’s Blind Spot: The Age-Old Urban Question. Urban Geograpy, DOI: 10.1080/02723638.2020.1742468.
  • Hankivsky O, Cormier R. (2011). Intersectionality and Public Policy: Some Lessons from Existing Models. Political Research Quarterly. 64(1):217-229. DOI:10.1177/1065912910376385.
  • Harvey, D. (2008). The Right To The City. New Left Review.
  • Harvey, D. (2015). Asi Şehirler: Şehir Hakkından Kentsel Devrime Doğru.Ayşe Deniz Temiz, Çev.) İstanbul: Metis Yayınları.
  • Holton, R.J. (1999). Kentler, Kapitalizm ve Uygarlık (Çev. R. Keleş). Ankara: İmge Kitabevi.
  • Joy, M. (2017). An Urban Revolution Through Age Friendly Cities: The Case Of Toronto. Dissertation Presented To Ryerson University İn Partial Fulfillment Of The Requirements For The Degree Of Doctor Of Philosophy İn The Program Of Policy Studies. Toronto: University Of Toronto.
  • Joy, M. (2021). Neoliberal Rationality And The Age Friendly Cities And Communities Program: Reflections On The Toronto Case. Cities, 108.
  • Kendig, H. (2003). Directions in Environmental Gerontology: A Multidisciplinary Field. The Gerontologist, 43 (5): 611-15.
  • Kurtuluş, h. (2019). Kentsel dönüşümün sessiz mağdurları yaşlılar. İçinde, Mekanda Adalet Ve Yaşlılık. Ed. Didem Danış ve Adnan Yaşar Adanalı. Beyond.İstanbul.
  • Lawton, M. P. (1980). Housing The Elderly: Residental Quality And Residental Satisfaction. Research On Aging, 2 (3), 309-328.
  • Lefebvre, H. (1996). Writings on Cities. (Çev. ve Ed. Eleonore Kofman and Elizabeth Lebas). Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.
  • Lefebvre, H. (2017). Şehir Hakkı. (Çev. Işık Ergüden). İstanbul: Sel Yayınları.
  • Lehning, A. J., Smith, R. J. & Kim, K. (2016): “Friendly” Initiatives: An Emerging Approach to Improve Communities for Vulnerable Populations. Journal of Policy Practice, DOI: 10.1080/15588742.2015.1125331.
  • Levasseur, M., Dubois, M. F., Genereux, M., Menec, V., Raina, P., Roy, M., Gabaude, C., Couturier, Y. And St-Pierre, C., (2017). Capturing How Age-Friendly Communities Foster Positive Health, Social Participation and Health Equity: A Study Protocol Of Key Components And Processes That Promote Population Health İn Aging Canadians. BMC Public Health, 17.
  • Liira, H., Mavaddat, N., Eineluoto, M., Kautiainen, H., Strandberg, T., Suominen, M., ... and Pitkälä, K. (2018). Health-related quality of life as a predictor of mortality in heterogeneous samples of older adults. European Geriatric Medicine, 9(2), 227-234.
  • Lui, C. W., Everingham, J. A., Warburton, J., Cuthill, M. And Bartlett, H. (2009). What Makes A Community Age-Friedly: A Review Of International Literature. Australasian Journal On Ageing, 28 (3), 116–121.
  • Marrifield, A. (2017). Yeni Kent Sorunu.(Çev. Duygu Toprak Ve Ceren Akyos). İstanbul: Tekin Yayınevi.
  • Menec, V., Menas, R., Keating, N., Parkhurts, G. And Eales, J. (2011). Conceptualizing Age-Friendly Communities. Canadian Journal On Aging, 30 (3), 479-493.
  • Mitchell, D. (2014). Kent Hakkı: Sosyal Adalet Ve Kamusal Alan Mücadelesi (Çev. Aydın Çavdar). İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  • Moore, E.G. And Pacey, M.A. (2004). Geographic Dimensions Of Ageing in Canada 1991-2001. Canadian Journal Of Ageing, 23, 5-21.
  • Moulaert, T., Boudiny, K. And Paris, M. (2016). Active And Healthy Ageing: Blended Models And Common Challenges İn Supporting Age-Friendly Cities And Communities (in) International Comparision: Political Lessons, Scientific Avenues, And Democratic İssues (Thibauld Moulaert And Suzannegaron, Eds.). Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
  • Moulaert, T. And Garon, S. (2016). Age-Friendly Cities And Communities İn International Comparison Political Lessons, Scientific Avenues, And Democratic Issues (Eds. Thibauld Moulaert And Suzanne Garon). Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
  • Moulaert, T., Wanka, A. And Drilling, M. (2018). The Social Production Of Age, Space And Exclusion: Towards A More Theory-Driven Understanding Of Spatial Exclusion Mechanisms in Later Life. Sociální Studia / Social Studies, Masaryk University, 15 (1): 9-23. Hal-01895265v2.
  • Nieboer, A. P. And Cramm, J. M. (2017). Age-Friendly Communities Matter For Older People’s Well-Being. Journal Of Happiness Studies, 19, 2405-2420.
  • Öztürk, A. Ç. Ve Turan Kızıldoğan, E. (2017). Yaşlı Bireylerin Kentsel/Kamusal Mekanları Kullanım Analizi: Eskişehir Örneği. Yaşlı Sorunları Araştırma Dergisi, 10 (1), 1-13.
  • Phillipson, C. (2004). Urbanısatıon And Ageıng: Towards A New Envıronmental Gerontology. Ageing And Society, 24 (6): 963-72. Doı: 10.1017/S0144686x04002405.
  • Phillipson, C. (2010). Ageing And Urban Society: Growing Old İn The ‘Century Of The City’. İn The Sage Hanbook Of Social Gerontology. (Eds. Dale Dannefer And Chris Phillipson). London: SAGE Publications Ltd.
  • Purcell, M. (2003). Citizenship And The Right To The Global City: Reimagining The Capitalist World Order. International Journal Of Urban And Regional Research, 27 (3), 564-90.
  • Savage, M. And Warde, A. (1993). Urban Sociology, Capitalism and Modernity. London: The Macmillan Press Ltd.
  • Scharf, T., Phillipson, C. And Simith, A. E. (2005). Social Exclusion Of Older People İn Deprived Urban Communities Of England. Eur J Ageing (2005) 2: 76–87 DOI 10.1007/S10433-005-0025-6.
  • Scharlach, A. E. (2016). Age-Friendly Cities: For Whom? By Whom? For What Purpose? (in) International Comparision: Political Lessons, Scientific Avenues, And Democratic İssues (Thibauld Moulaert And Suzannegaron, Eds.). Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
  • Smith, A. E. (2009). Ageing In Urban Neighbourhoods. Bristol University Press.
  • Stavrides, S. (2016). Kentsel Heterotopya: Özgürleşme Mekanı Olarak Eşikler Kentine Doğru. (Çev. Ali Karatay). İstanbul: Sel Yayıncılık.
  • Şentürk, M. (2019). Yeni Kentleşme Dinamikleri Ve Kentte Yaşlılık, İçinde, Mekanda Adalet Ve Yaşlılık. Ed. Didem Danış ve Adnan Yaşar Adanalı. Beyond.İstanbul, 5, 61-69.
  • Şentürk, M. ve Kurtkapan, H. (2017). Yaşlılığın Mekansallaşması: Kadıköy Moda’daki Bir Apartman Üzerine Nitel Bir Çalışma. Senex Yaşlılık Çalışmaları Dergisi, 1, 4-19.
  • Tekeli, İ. (2014). Kent, Kentli Hakları, Kentleşme Ve Kentsel Dönüşüm. İlhan Tekeli Toplu Eserler-20. Tarih Vakfı Yayınları.
  • Torlak, S. (2016). Mekân Meselesine Bir Giriş. İçinde, Mekan Meselesi (Ed. Soner Torlak Ve Önder Kulak). İkinci Baskı. İstanbul: Tekin Yayınevi.
  • Tunçer, M. (2017). Urban Ageing and the Right to the City: Experiences of Elderly in Kadıköy. Dissertation. Sociology MA Programme. İstanbul: İstanbul Bilgi University.
  • Tutal, O. Ve Üstün, B. (2009). Yaşlılık Ve Yaş Dostu Kentler: Eskişehir. Yaşlı Sorunları Araştırma Dergisi, 1, 1-23.
  • United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision, Key Findings and Advance Tables. Working Paper No. ESA/P/WP/248.
  • Walker, A. (2016). Population Ageing From A Global And Theoretical Perspective: European Lessons on Active Ageing in Age-Friendly Cities An Communities (in) International Comparision: Political Lessons, Scientific Avenues, And Democratic İssues (Thibauld Moulaert And Suzannegaron, Eds.). Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
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There are 57 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Interventions
Authors

Işıl Avşar Arık This is me 0000-0002-3974-693X

Publication Date September 8, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 5 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Avşar Arık, I. (2021). Kentte Yaşlanma ve Yaş Dostu Kentler: Eleştirel Bir Değerlendirme. Senex: Yaşlılık Çalışmaları Dergisi, 5(1), 47-63.
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