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Türkiye’de Ekonomik Gelişme ve Kadınların İşgücüne Katılım Oranı: U-Eğrisi Hipotezinin Testi

Year 2017, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 297 - 307, 01.04.2017

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, ekonomik gelişme ile kadın işgücüne katılım oranı arasında “U-eğrisi” biçiminde bir ilişkinin varlığını öne süren hipotezi Türkiye örneği için test etmektir. U-eğrisi hipotezine göre, ekonomik gelişme artmaya başlayınca kadınların işgücüne katılım oranı gittikçe azalmakta ve bir noktada en düşük seviyeye ulaşmaktadır. Bu seviyeden sonra ekonomik gelişme devam ettikçe kadınların işgücüne katılım oranı bu kez artmaya başlamaktadır. Bu kapsamda çalışmada 1988 – 2013 döneminde ekonomik gelişmenin kadın işgücüne katılım oranı üzerindeki U-eğrisi şeklindeki etkisi Türkiye ekonomisi için toplam, kent ve kır için ayrı ayrı analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada ekonomik gelişmişlik göstergesi olarak kişi başına düşen gelir, kişi başına düşen uzun dönem gelir ve kişi başına düşen elektrik tüketimi kullanılmıştır. Ele alınan ekonomik göstergeler ve kadın işgücüne katılım oranı arasındaki uzun dönemli karesel ilişkinin varlığı ARDL yaklaşımı ile belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. ARDL bulguları ile kadın işgücüne katılım oranının uzun dönem kişi başına düşen gelir ve kişi başına düşen elektrik tüketimi arasında U-eğrisi şeklinde bir ilişkinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

References

  • Çağatay, Nilüfer and Şule Özler (1995), “Feminization of The Labor Force: The Effects Of Long- Term Development And Structural Adjustment” World Development, Volume: 23, Issue:11, p.1883-1894.
  • Fatima, Ambreen and Humera Sultana (2009), “Tracing Out The U-Shape Relationship Between Female Pakistan”, International Journal of Social Economics, Volume: 36, Issue:1/2, p.182-198. Participation Rate and Economic Development for
  • Goldin, Claudia (1994), “The U-Shaped Female Labor Force Function in Economic Development and Economic History”, National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper No: 4707, p.1-40.
  • Lahoti, Rahul and Hema Swaminathan (2013), “Economic Growth and Female Labour Force Participation In India”, IIM Bangalore, Working Paper No: 414.
  • Luci, Angela (2009), “Female Labour Market Participation and Economic Growth” International Journal of Innovation and Sustainable Development, Volume: 4, Issue: 2-3, p.97-108.
  • Mammen, Kristin and Christina Paxson (2000), “Women's Work and Economic Development”, The Journal of Economic Perspectives, Volume: 14, Issue:4, p.141-164.
  • Pesaran, M. Hashem, Yongcheol Shin, and Richard J. Smith. (2001), “Bounds Testing Approaches to the Analysis of Level Relationships.”, Journal of Applied Econometrics, Volume: 16, Issue:3, p.289–326.
  • Tam, Henry (2011), “U-Shaped Female Labor Participation with Economic Development: Some Panel Data Evidence”, Economics Letters, Volume: 110, Issue:2, p.140-142.
  • Tansel, Aysit (2001), “Economic Development and Female Labor Force Participation in Turkey: Time-Series Evidence and Cross-Province Estimates” Economic Research Forum for the Arab Countries, The World http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.USE.ELEC.KH.PC, 14.01.2017. (Electric Power Consumption (kWh Per Capita)), TUİK, (Kişi Başına Düşen Gayri Safi Yurt İçi Hasıla), https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=88&locale=tr, 14.01.2017.
  • TUİK, (İşgücüne Katılım oranı) https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/isgucuapp/isgucu.zul, 14.01.2017.
  • Yamak, Rahmi ve Havvanur Feyza Erdem (2016), “Armey Eğrisi: Türkiye Örneği” XVII. Uluslararasi Ekonometri, Yöneylem Araştirmasi Ve İstatistik Sempozyumu Tam Metin Kitabı, 2-4 Haziran, Sivas, s.250-261.

Economic Development And The Women Labor Force Participation Rate In Turkey: Test of U-Curve Hypothesis

Year 2017, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 297 - 307, 01.04.2017

Abstract

The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that suggests the existence of a "U-curve" relationship between economic development and female labor force participation rate for the case of Turkey. According to the U-curve hypothesis, as economic development starts to increase, the labor force participation rate of women is gradually decreasing and reaching the lowest level at some point. As economic development continues after this level, the labor force participation rate of women starts to increase, gradually. Within this context, in the study the impact of economic development on the female labor force participation rate has been analyzed for total, urban and rural labor force participations of woman, separately for the period of 1988 - 2013. As an indicator of economic development in the study, per capita income, per capita long-term income and electricity consumption per capita were used. The existence of a long-run quadratic relationship between economic development indicators and the female labor force participation rate has been determined by the ARDL approach. The ARDL findings indicate that there is a U-shaped relationship between female labor force participation and long-term per capita income and electricity consumption per capita.

References

  • Çağatay, Nilüfer and Şule Özler (1995), “Feminization of The Labor Force: The Effects Of Long- Term Development And Structural Adjustment” World Development, Volume: 23, Issue:11, p.1883-1894.
  • Fatima, Ambreen and Humera Sultana (2009), “Tracing Out The U-Shape Relationship Between Female Pakistan”, International Journal of Social Economics, Volume: 36, Issue:1/2, p.182-198. Participation Rate and Economic Development for
  • Goldin, Claudia (1994), “The U-Shaped Female Labor Force Function in Economic Development and Economic History”, National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper No: 4707, p.1-40.
  • Lahoti, Rahul and Hema Swaminathan (2013), “Economic Growth and Female Labour Force Participation In India”, IIM Bangalore, Working Paper No: 414.
  • Luci, Angela (2009), “Female Labour Market Participation and Economic Growth” International Journal of Innovation and Sustainable Development, Volume: 4, Issue: 2-3, p.97-108.
  • Mammen, Kristin and Christina Paxson (2000), “Women's Work and Economic Development”, The Journal of Economic Perspectives, Volume: 14, Issue:4, p.141-164.
  • Pesaran, M. Hashem, Yongcheol Shin, and Richard J. Smith. (2001), “Bounds Testing Approaches to the Analysis of Level Relationships.”, Journal of Applied Econometrics, Volume: 16, Issue:3, p.289–326.
  • Tam, Henry (2011), “U-Shaped Female Labor Participation with Economic Development: Some Panel Data Evidence”, Economics Letters, Volume: 110, Issue:2, p.140-142.
  • Tansel, Aysit (2001), “Economic Development and Female Labor Force Participation in Turkey: Time-Series Evidence and Cross-Province Estimates” Economic Research Forum for the Arab Countries, The World http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.USE.ELEC.KH.PC, 14.01.2017. (Electric Power Consumption (kWh Per Capita)), TUİK, (Kişi Başına Düşen Gayri Safi Yurt İçi Hasıla), https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=88&locale=tr, 14.01.2017.
  • TUİK, (İşgücüne Katılım oranı) https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/isgucuapp/isgucu.zul, 14.01.2017.
  • Yamak, Rahmi ve Havvanur Feyza Erdem (2016), “Armey Eğrisi: Türkiye Örneği” XVII. Uluslararasi Ekonometri, Yöneylem Araştirmasi Ve İstatistik Sempozyumu Tam Metin Kitabı, 2-4 Haziran, Sivas, s.250-261.
There are 11 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Burçin Eser This is me

Nebiye Yamak This is me

Serkan Samut This is me

Publication Date April 1, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 5 Issue: 2

Cite

ISNAD Eser, Burçin et al. “Türkiye’de Ekonomik Gelişme Ve Kadınların İşgücüne Katılım Oranı: U-Eğrisi Hipotezinin Testi”. Siyaset, Ekonomi ve Yönetim Araştırmaları Dergisi 5/2 (April 2017), 297-307.