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Türkiye’de Elektrik Tüketiminin Ekonomik Gelişmeye Etkisi: Coğrafi Ağırlıklı Regresyon Yöntemi

Year 2013, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 31 - 48, 01.01.2013

Abstract

Bu çalışmada Türkiye’nin 2000 yılındaki NUTS 3 düzey bölgeleri için ekonomik büyüme ve elektrik tüketimi arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Bölgeler arası farklılık arz eden ilişkileri modelleyen Coğrafi Ağırlıklı Regresyon CAR kullanılmıştır. Amprik analiz sonucunda elektrik tüketimin ekonomik gelişmeyi hem local hem de global düzeyde pozitif olarak etkilediği belirlenmiştir. Modele dahil edilen üretim faktörleri ve beşeri sermaye göstergelerinin de ekonomik gelişmeyi hem local hemde global düzeyde pozitif yönde etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Local parametrelerin mekansal dağılımı incelendiğinde elektrik tüketiminin ekonomik gelişmeyi en çok etkilediği illerin Türkiye’nin batısına doğru orta yerde konumlanan illerdir. En düşük etki ise doğu ve güneydoğu bölgesindeki illerdir.

References

  • Altınay G and Karagöl E (2005), “Electricity Consumption and Economic Growth: Evidence from Turkey”, Energy Economics 27, p. 849-856.
  • Ağır H and Kar M (2010), “Türkiye’de Elektrik Tüketimi ve Ekonomik Gelişmişlik Düzeyi İlişkisi: Yatay-Kesit Analizi (Relationship Between Electrical Consumption and Economic Development in Turkey: A Cross-Section Analysis)”, Sosyo-Ekonomi 12/2010, ISSN 1305-5577, http://www.sosyoekonomi.hacettepe.edu.tr/10EN07.pdf.
  • Devlet Planlama Teşkilatı-DPT (State Planning Organization) (1996). İllerin Sosyo-Ekonomik Gelişmişlik Sıralaması Araştırması (Research Of Social-Economic Of The Provinces And Regions), Ankara, http://ekutup.dpt.gov.tr/bolgesel/dincerb/il/1.pdf.
  • Devlet Planlama Teşkilatı-DPT (State Planning Organization) (2003), İllerin ve Bölgelerin Sosyo-Ekonomik Gelişmişlik Sıralaması Araştırması (Research Of Social-Economic of the Provinces and Regions), Ankara, www.dpt.gov.tr/DocObjects/.../3116/2003-05.pdf.
  • Eckey HF, Reinhold K and Matthias T. (2007), “Regional Convergence in Germany: A Geographically Weighted Regression Approach”, Spatial Economic Analysis 2(1), p. 45-64.
  • Erol E. (2007), Türkiye'de Elektrik Enerjisinin Tarihi Gelişimi: 1902-2000, İstanbul University, Institution of Social Science, Department of Economy science, (Unpublished doctoral thesis).
  • Erbaykal E. (2008), “Disaggregate Energy Consumption and Economic Growth: Evidence from Turkey”, International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, Issue 20, p.172-179.
  • Erdal G, Erdal H and Esengun K. (2008), “The Causality between Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in ,Turkey”, Energy Policy 36, p. 3838–3842.
  • Fotheringham A S, Charlton M E and Brunsdon C. (1998), “Geographically Weighted Regression. A Natural Evolution of the Expansion Method for Spatial Data”, Environment and Planning A 30(11), p. 1905- 1927.
  • Fotheringham A S, Brunsdon C and Charlton M E. (2002), Geographically Weighted Regression: The Analysis of Spatial Varying Relationships, Jon Wiley & Sons.
  • Ghosh S. (2002), “Electricity Consumption and Economic Growth in India”, Energy Policy 30, p. 125-129.
  • Jumbe CBL. (2004), “Cointegration and Causality Between Electricity Consumption and GDP: Empirical Evidence from Malawi”, Energy Economics 26, p. 61–68.
  • Kar M and E Kınık. (2008), “An Econometric Analysis of the Relationship Between the Types of Electricity Consumption and Economic Growth in Turkey”, Afyon Kocatepe Universitesi, İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 10(2), p. 333-353.
  • Karaca O. (2004), “Türkiye’de Bölgeler Arası Gelir Farklılıkları: Yakınsama Var Mı?”, Türkiye Ekonomi Kurumu, Tartışma Metni 2004/7, http://www.tek.org.tr/dosyalar/O-KARACA.pdf.
  • Kepenek Y and Yentürk N. (2007), Türkiye Ekonomisi, 19. ed. İstanbul, Remzi Kitabevi.
  • Narayan PK, Smyth R. (2005), “Electricity Consumption, Employment and Real Income In Australia: Evidence From Multivariate Granger Causality Tests”, Energy Policy 33, p. 1109–1116.
  • Narayan PK and Singh B. (2007), “The Electricity Consumption and GDP Nexus for Fiji Islands”, Energy Economics 29, p. 1141–1150.
  • Narayan PK and Prasad A. (2008), “Electricity Consumption—Real GDP Causality Nexus: Evidence from Abootstrapped Causality test for 30 OECD Countries”, Energy Policy 36, p. 910–918.
  • Öcal N and Yıldırım J. (2010), “Regional Effects of Terrorism on Economic Growth in Turkey: A Geographically Weighted Regression”, Journal of Peace Research 47(4), p. 1–13.
  • Paul L J. (1998), “Electricity Sector in Transition”, The Energy Journal 19(2), p. 25-52
  • Shiu A and Lam PL. (2004), “Electricity Consumption and Economic Growth in China”, Energy Policy 32, p. 47–54.
  • Şengül S and Tuncer İ. (2006), “Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in Turkey: 1960-2000”, İktisat İşletme ve Finans 21(242), p. 69-80.
  • Terzi H. (1998), “Türkiye’de Elektrik Tüketimi ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: Sektörel Bir Karşılaştırma”, İşletme ve Finans Dergisi 13(144), p. 62-71.
  • Vreyer P De and Spielvogel G. (2005), “Spatial Externalities between Brazilian Municipios and Their Neighbours”, DİAL, Document De Travail DT/2005-11, http://www.eldis.org/vfile/upload/1/document/0708/DOC22261.pdf
  • Wolde-Rufael Y. (2004), “Disaggregated Energy Consumption and GDP; the Experience of Shanghai, 1952–99”, Energy economics 26, p. 69–75.
  • Wolde-Rufael Y. (2006), “Electricity Consumption and Economic Growth: a Time Series Experience for 17 African Countries”, Energy Policy 34, p. 1106–1114.
  • Yang H Y. (2000), “A Note on the Causal Relationship Between Energy and GDP in Taiwan”, Energy Economics, 22, p. 309–317.
  • Yoo S H. (2005), “Electricity Consumption and Economic Growth: Evidence from Korea”, Energy Policy, 33(12), p.1627–1632.

The Impact of Electricity Consumption on Economic Development in Turkey: A Geographically Weighted Regression Approach

Year 2013, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 31 - 48, 01.01.2013

Abstract

In this study, for NUTS 3 level region of Turkey, the relation between economic development level and electricity consumption in 2000 has been reviewed. The geographically weighted regression GWR that deals with interregional differences was used in this study. Empirical analyses carried out in this paper indicate that the electricity consumption affected the economic development positively both in local and global level. When the indicators of production factors and human capital were included in the model, all of them affected the economic development positively, both in local and global level. When the spatial distribution of local parameters has reviewed, the largest effect of electricity consumption on the economic development level was seen in the provinces which are located in the middle section that close to the western side of Turkey. The lowest effect was in the provinces located in the eastern and especially in the Southern East

References

  • Altınay G and Karagöl E (2005), “Electricity Consumption and Economic Growth: Evidence from Turkey”, Energy Economics 27, p. 849-856.
  • Ağır H and Kar M (2010), “Türkiye’de Elektrik Tüketimi ve Ekonomik Gelişmişlik Düzeyi İlişkisi: Yatay-Kesit Analizi (Relationship Between Electrical Consumption and Economic Development in Turkey: A Cross-Section Analysis)”, Sosyo-Ekonomi 12/2010, ISSN 1305-5577, http://www.sosyoekonomi.hacettepe.edu.tr/10EN07.pdf.
  • Devlet Planlama Teşkilatı-DPT (State Planning Organization) (1996). İllerin Sosyo-Ekonomik Gelişmişlik Sıralaması Araştırması (Research Of Social-Economic Of The Provinces And Regions), Ankara, http://ekutup.dpt.gov.tr/bolgesel/dincerb/il/1.pdf.
  • Devlet Planlama Teşkilatı-DPT (State Planning Organization) (2003), İllerin ve Bölgelerin Sosyo-Ekonomik Gelişmişlik Sıralaması Araştırması (Research Of Social-Economic of the Provinces and Regions), Ankara, www.dpt.gov.tr/DocObjects/.../3116/2003-05.pdf.
  • Eckey HF, Reinhold K and Matthias T. (2007), “Regional Convergence in Germany: A Geographically Weighted Regression Approach”, Spatial Economic Analysis 2(1), p. 45-64.
  • Erol E. (2007), Türkiye'de Elektrik Enerjisinin Tarihi Gelişimi: 1902-2000, İstanbul University, Institution of Social Science, Department of Economy science, (Unpublished doctoral thesis).
  • Erbaykal E. (2008), “Disaggregate Energy Consumption and Economic Growth: Evidence from Turkey”, International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, Issue 20, p.172-179.
  • Erdal G, Erdal H and Esengun K. (2008), “The Causality between Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in ,Turkey”, Energy Policy 36, p. 3838–3842.
  • Fotheringham A S, Charlton M E and Brunsdon C. (1998), “Geographically Weighted Regression. A Natural Evolution of the Expansion Method for Spatial Data”, Environment and Planning A 30(11), p. 1905- 1927.
  • Fotheringham A S, Brunsdon C and Charlton M E. (2002), Geographically Weighted Regression: The Analysis of Spatial Varying Relationships, Jon Wiley & Sons.
  • Ghosh S. (2002), “Electricity Consumption and Economic Growth in India”, Energy Policy 30, p. 125-129.
  • Jumbe CBL. (2004), “Cointegration and Causality Between Electricity Consumption and GDP: Empirical Evidence from Malawi”, Energy Economics 26, p. 61–68.
  • Kar M and E Kınık. (2008), “An Econometric Analysis of the Relationship Between the Types of Electricity Consumption and Economic Growth in Turkey”, Afyon Kocatepe Universitesi, İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 10(2), p. 333-353.
  • Karaca O. (2004), “Türkiye’de Bölgeler Arası Gelir Farklılıkları: Yakınsama Var Mı?”, Türkiye Ekonomi Kurumu, Tartışma Metni 2004/7, http://www.tek.org.tr/dosyalar/O-KARACA.pdf.
  • Kepenek Y and Yentürk N. (2007), Türkiye Ekonomisi, 19. ed. İstanbul, Remzi Kitabevi.
  • Narayan PK, Smyth R. (2005), “Electricity Consumption, Employment and Real Income In Australia: Evidence From Multivariate Granger Causality Tests”, Energy Policy 33, p. 1109–1116.
  • Narayan PK and Singh B. (2007), “The Electricity Consumption and GDP Nexus for Fiji Islands”, Energy Economics 29, p. 1141–1150.
  • Narayan PK and Prasad A. (2008), “Electricity Consumption—Real GDP Causality Nexus: Evidence from Abootstrapped Causality test for 30 OECD Countries”, Energy Policy 36, p. 910–918.
  • Öcal N and Yıldırım J. (2010), “Regional Effects of Terrorism on Economic Growth in Turkey: A Geographically Weighted Regression”, Journal of Peace Research 47(4), p. 1–13.
  • Paul L J. (1998), “Electricity Sector in Transition”, The Energy Journal 19(2), p. 25-52
  • Shiu A and Lam PL. (2004), “Electricity Consumption and Economic Growth in China”, Energy Policy 32, p. 47–54.
  • Şengül S and Tuncer İ. (2006), “Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in Turkey: 1960-2000”, İktisat İşletme ve Finans 21(242), p. 69-80.
  • Terzi H. (1998), “Türkiye’de Elektrik Tüketimi ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: Sektörel Bir Karşılaştırma”, İşletme ve Finans Dergisi 13(144), p. 62-71.
  • Vreyer P De and Spielvogel G. (2005), “Spatial Externalities between Brazilian Municipios and Their Neighbours”, DİAL, Document De Travail DT/2005-11, http://www.eldis.org/vfile/upload/1/document/0708/DOC22261.pdf
  • Wolde-Rufael Y. (2004), “Disaggregated Energy Consumption and GDP; the Experience of Shanghai, 1952–99”, Energy economics 26, p. 69–75.
  • Wolde-Rufael Y. (2006), “Electricity Consumption and Economic Growth: a Time Series Experience for 17 African Countries”, Energy Policy 34, p. 1106–1114.
  • Yang H Y. (2000), “A Note on the Causal Relationship Between Energy and GDP in Taiwan”, Energy Economics, 22, p. 309–317.
  • Yoo S H. (2005), “Electricity Consumption and Economic Growth: Evidence from Korea”, Energy Policy, 33(12), p.1627–1632.
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Tuğba Aslan This is me

Ayşe Arı This is me

Fatma Zeren This is me

Publication Date January 1, 2013
Published in Issue Year 2013 Volume: 1 Issue: 1

Cite

ISNAD Aslan, Tuğba et al. “Türkiye’de Elektrik Tüketiminin Ekonomik Gelişmeye Etkisi: Coğrafi Ağırlıklı Regresyon Yöntemi”. Siyaset, Ekonomi ve Yönetim Araştırmaları Dergisi 1/1 (January 2013), 31-48.