EVALUATION OF EXCESS LIFETIME CANCER RISK CAUSED BY EXTERNAL EXPOSURE DUE TO NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY IN BOLU, TURKEY

Naz Zeynep Ateş; Kübra Bayrak; M. Ergun Turgay; Erol Kam

EVALUATION OF EXCESS LIFETIME CANCER RISK CAUSED BY EXTERNAL EXPOSURE DUE TO NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY IN BOLU, TURKEY

Abstract

In this study, the gamma dose rates in outdoor air at seventy-seven points around Bolu province were meausured using a counter (Eberline, ESP-2). Radiological hazards were evaluated by estimating the excess lifetime cancer risks caused by external exposure. The gamma dose rates measured varied from 11 to 68 nGyh-1with an average value of 22 nGy h-1. The avarege value of the corresponding outdoor annual effective dose and the excess lifetime cancer risk was found as 27.23 μSv and 0.95x10−4, respectively. These values could be compared to other studies which existed in Turkey and also in the world.

Keywords

References

[1]UNSCEAR, Sources and effects of ionizing radiation, Report of the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation to the General Assembly, United Nations, NY, (2008).
[2]Bolu Province/ Wikipedia. Bolu Province/ Wikipedia.
[3] Bolu map/ http://cografyaharita.com/haritalarim/4l_bolu_ili_haritasi.png
[4] Software for drawing was used by CNAEM/TAEK.
[5] http://www.pchemlabs.com/manuals/pdf/eberline-esp2-technical-manual.pdf
[6] ICRP., ICRP Publication 103 recommendations of the ICRP: annals of the ICRP volume 37/2-4. International Commission on Radiological Protection. Pergamon Pres, 2007, Oxford, UK.
[7] Değerlier, M.,KARAHAN G. (2007). Ph.D. Thesis: Annual Effective Dose of Natural Environmental Radioactivity Measurements for Adana region. N.S. Institue- CU/ Adana.
[8] Enis Kapdan, et all., Outdoor radioactivity and health risk assessment for capital city Ankara, Turkey, Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 318 (2018), 1033-1042, doi: 10.1007/s10967-018-6060-5.

[9] Yaşar Kobya, et all., (2015), Evaluation of Outdoor Gamma Dose Rate and Cancer Risk in Artvin Province, Turkey, Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 21:8, 2077-2085, doi: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1017876.
[10] E. Kapdan., et. All, Outdoor Radioactivity and Health Risks in Balıkesir, Northwestern Turkey, Radiation Protection Dosimetry (2011), pp: 1-9, doi:10.1093/rpd/ncr038.
[11] E. Kam, et all., A study of background radioactivity level for Canakkale, Turkey. Environ Monit Assess (2010), 168:685-690, doi: 10.1007/s10661-009-1143-y.
[12] G. Karahan, A. Bayülken, Assessment of gamma dose rates around Istanbul (Turkey), Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 47 (2000), 213-221, doi: 10.1016/S0265-931X(99)00034-X
[13] E. Kam,et all., Environmental radioactivity measurements in Kastamonu region of northearn Turkey, Applied Radiation and Isotopes, (2006), V.65, pp. 440-444., doi:10.1016/j.apradiso.2006.11.005
[14] E. Kam, et all., Assessment of environmental radioactivity for Sanliurfa region of southeastern Turkey, Radiat. Meas., 42 (2007), 1387-1391, doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2007.05.052
[15] M. E. Turgay, et all., (2015). Ph.D. Thesis: Assessment of the Environmental Radioactivity in Hatay region. N.S. Institue- GAUN/G.Antep.
[16] Muttalip Ergun TURGAY, Cancer Risk Determination for IDA villages by using Annual Gamma Doses in Air, around Edremit&Ayvacık Districts; Balıkesir&Çanakkale, TURKEY, European Journal of Science and Technology, (2019), 15, pp: 433-439, EJOSAT, doi: 10.31590/ejosat.512562
[17] Lic´ınio MV, et al. 2013. A high spatial resolution outdoor dose rate map of the Rio de Janeiro city, Brasil, risk assessment and urbanization effects. J Environ Radioact 126:32-9., doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2013.07.012
[18] Ghiassi M., Mortazavi S. M., Cameron J. R. (2002). Very High Background Areas of Ramsar, Persia: Preliminary Biological Studies, Health Physics, 82(1), 87-93.
[19] M. A. Arnedo, et all, (2017), Mapping Natural Radioactivity of soils in the eastern Canary Islands, Spain, Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 166, pp: 242-258, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.07.010
[20]Bayrak, K , Yümün, Z , Çakar, M . (2020). Investigation of Outdoor Gamma Dose Rates in Yalova, Turkey. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, (18), 568-573. DOI: 10.31590/ejosat.686668

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Engineering

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Naz Zeynep Ateş This is me
0000-0002-9794-0554
Türkiye

Kübra Bayrak This is me
0000-0002-9199-8296
Türkiye

M. Ergun Turgay This is me
0000-0003-1708-8283
Türkiye

Erol Kam This is me
0000-0001-5850-5464
Türkiye

Publication Date

June 1, 2021

Submission Date

December 30, 2019

Acceptance Date

April 13, 2020

Published in Issue

Year 2020 Volume: 38 Number: 2

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA28TF65LK

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Ateş, N. Z., Bayrak, K., Turgay, M. E., & Kam, E. (2021). EVALUATION OF EXCESS LIFETIME CANCER RISK CAUSED BY EXTERNAL EXPOSURE DUE TO NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY IN BOLU, TURKEY. Sigma Journal of Engineering and Natural Sciences, 38(2), 945-954. https://izlik.org/JA28TF65LK

AMA

1.Ateş NZ, Bayrak K, Turgay ME, Kam E. EVALUATION OF EXCESS LIFETIME CANCER RISK CAUSED BY EXTERNAL EXPOSURE DUE TO NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY IN BOLU, TURKEY. SIGMA. 2021;38(2):945-954. https://izlik.org/JA28TF65LK

Chicago

Ateş, Naz Zeynep, Kübra Bayrak, M. Ergun Turgay, and Erol Kam. 2021. “EVALUATION OF EXCESS LIFETIME CANCER RISK CAUSED BY EXTERNAL EXPOSURE DUE TO NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY IN BOLU, TURKEY”. Sigma Journal of Engineering and Natural Sciences 38 (2): 945-54. https://izlik.org/JA28TF65LK.

EndNote

Ateş NZ, Bayrak K, Turgay ME, Kam E (June 1, 2021) EVALUATION OF EXCESS LIFETIME CANCER RISK CAUSED BY EXTERNAL EXPOSURE DUE TO NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY IN BOLU, TURKEY. Sigma Journal of Engineering and Natural Sciences 38 2 945–954.

IEEE

[1]N. Z. Ateş, K. Bayrak, M. E. Turgay, and E. Kam, “EVALUATION OF EXCESS LIFETIME CANCER RISK CAUSED BY EXTERNAL EXPOSURE DUE TO NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY IN BOLU, TURKEY”, SIGMA, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 945–954, June 2021, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA28TF65LK

ISNAD

Ateş, Naz Zeynep - Bayrak, Kübra - Turgay, M. Ergun - Kam, Erol. “EVALUATION OF EXCESS LIFETIME CANCER RISK CAUSED BY EXTERNAL EXPOSURE DUE TO NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY IN BOLU, TURKEY”. Sigma Journal of Engineering and Natural Sciences 38/2 (June 1, 2021): 945-954. https://izlik.org/JA28TF65LK.

JAMA

1.Ateş NZ, Bayrak K, Turgay ME, Kam E. EVALUATION OF EXCESS LIFETIME CANCER RISK CAUSED BY EXTERNAL EXPOSURE DUE TO NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY IN BOLU, TURKEY. SIGMA. 2021;38:945–954.

MLA

Ateş, Naz Zeynep, et al. “EVALUATION OF EXCESS LIFETIME CANCER RISK CAUSED BY EXTERNAL EXPOSURE DUE TO NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY IN BOLU, TURKEY”. Sigma Journal of Engineering and Natural Sciences, vol. 38, no. 2, June 2021, pp. 945-54, https://izlik.org/JA28TF65LK.

Vancouver

1.Naz Zeynep Ateş, Kübra Bayrak, M. Ergun Turgay, Erol Kam. EVALUATION OF EXCESS LIFETIME CANCER RISK CAUSED BY EXTERNAL EXPOSURE DUE TO NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY IN BOLU, TURKEY. SIGMA [Internet]. 2021 Jun. 1;38(2):945-54. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA28TF65LK