THE USABILITY OF VOLCANIC ROCKS FROM UPPER EUPHRATES PART IN THE EASTERN ANATOLIA REGION AS CONCRETE AGGREGATE

Year 2017, Volume: 35 Issue: 4, 593 - 608, 01.12.2017

Yavuz Selim Aksüt Şükrü Yetgin

Abstract

In this study; the engineering properties of volcanic rocks obtained from four different quarries in the province of Erzincan region in the Upper Euphrates Part in the Eastern Anatolia Region were investigated. In laboratory studies, the experiments including bulk and aggregate tests (bulk and dense unit weight, specific mass, water absorption, Los Angeles test for resistance to wear, freezing resistance and uniaxial compressive strength) were conducted on 5 volcanic samples according to the standards (Turkish Standard, British Standard and ASTM) and in the second stage, grading of concrete tests (grading of the concrete aggregates, concrete preparation, slump test, specific density of concrete, uniaxial compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, splitting tensile strength, abrasion resistance and capillarity) were performed on the concrete samples with volcanic aggregates. For fresh concrete composition, water/cement ratio was selected as the main variable providing homogeneous mixing and the highest strength to the concrete samples with a specific granulometry. Cylindrical concrete samples were produced with a variety of water/cement ratios cured for 7 and 28 days in water and their compressive strengths were assessed in the light of their physical and mechanical properties.
The results obtained from aggregates and concrete tests, which were performed in line with the standards showed that especially Yassıtepe-Doğu (YTD) sample, one of the volcanic rocks from Erzincan region can be used as concrete aggregate. It was observed that compressive strength of the concrete samples could satisfy C25/30 strength class and upper classes. In addition, it was understood that they can be used in highways, bridges, dams, buildings etc., especially as structural concrete.

Keywords

Aggregate, concrete, w/c ratio, uniaxial compressive strength, volcanic rocks

References

• [1] ASTM C 33, 2003, Specification for Concrete Aggregates. ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) Standarts, pp 11, Vol 04. 02.
• [2] ASTM C 127, 2009, Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate, 1-7.
• [3] ASTM C 1585 – 04, 2004, Standard Test Method for Measurement of Rate of Absorption of Water by Hydraulic- Cement Concretes ASTM, 1-5.
• [4] ASTM C 944., 1999, Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Concrete or Mortar Surfaces by the Rotating-Cutter Method, 1-4.
• [5] Beard, J.S., Characteristic Mineralogy of Arc-Related Cumulate Gabbros: Implications for the Tectonic Setting of Gabbroic Plutons and for Andesite Genesis, Geology, v. 14, p. 848-851, October 1986.
• [6] Betonkalender, 2012, Bd. 1, S. 365, Vovl. Ernst und Sohn, Berlin.
• [7] Cox, K.G., Bell, J.D., Pankhurst, R.J., 1979. The interpretation of igneous rocks. Allen and Unwin, London.
• [8] Deere, D.U., and Miller, R.P., 1966, “Engineering Classification and Index Properties of Intact Rocks.” Technical Report., Air Force Weapons Laboratory, New Mexico, No., AFNL-TR, Kirtland, 65-116.
• [9] Dietmar Klausen; Rudoff Hoscheid; Peter Lieblang, 2013, “Technologie der Baustoffe”, VDE Verlag GmbH; Berlin/Offenbach.
• [10] Franklin, R. E., King, T. M. J., “Relations between Compressive and Indirect-Tensile Strength of Concrete”, R.R.L, Report LR 412, Material Section, Road Research Laboratory, Crawthorne, Berkshire, 1971.
• [11] Gücer, M.A., 2008, Mineralogical, Petrographical and Geochemical Investigations of Yoncayolu Metamorphites (Üzümlü-Erzincan) and Their Surrounding Rocks, Master Theses at KTÜ University. Institute of Science , Trabzon, pp. 53-54, 123.
• [12] Irvine, T.N., Baragar, W.R.A., 1971. A guide to the chemical classification of the common volcanic rocks. Canadian Journal of Sciences, 8, 523-548.
• [13] ISRM, 1979. Suggested Methods for Determining the Uniaxial Compressive Strength and Deformability of Rock Materials. International Journal of Rock Mechanical Mining Science And Geomechanical Abstract, pp. 16-135, 140.
• [14] Karslı, O., 2006, Pre-eruptive conditions revealed by mega- and pheno-cryst compositions from the Quaternary Erzincan Volkanics, Eastern Turkey: Insights into the magma processes, Department of Geological Engineering, Karadeniz Technical University, TR-29000 Gümüşhane, Turkey.
• [15] Key, C.H., Geochemistry of diorites and associated plutonic rocks of SE Jersey, Channel Islands, Mineralogical Magazine, June 1987, Vol. 51, pp. 217-229.
• [16] Tahirkheli, T., Shah, M.T., Khan, M.A., and Bilqees, R., Mineralogy and geochemistry of diorites and associated hydrothermal sulfide mineralization of Gawuch Formation in Drosh area, Chitral, northern Pakistan, Journal of Himalayan Earth Sciences, January 2012, Vol. 45, pp. 31-52.
• [17] TS 699, 2009, Natural Building Stones-Investigation and Laboratory Methods, Turkish Standards Institute, Ankara.
• [18] EN 12620, 2008, Concrete Aggregates, Turkish Standards Institute, Ankara.
• [19] EN 197-1, 2012, Cement-Part 1: Overall Cements - Composition, Properties and Conformity Criteria, Turkish Standards Institute, Ankara.
• [20] EN 206, 2014, Concrete- Property, Performance, Manufacturing and Conformity, Turkish Standards Institute, Ankara.
• [21] EN 1008, 2003, Concrete- Mixing Water-Sampling, Experiments and Determination of conformity Rules of the water recovered from process water in the concrete industry as a Mixed Concrete, Turkish Standards Institute, Ankara.
• [22] EN 1097-3, 1999, Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates Part 3: Determination of loose bulk density and voids, Turkish Standards Institute, Ankara.
• [23] EN 1367, 2001, Tests for thermal and weathering properties of aggregates -Part 1: Determination of resistance to freezing and thawing, Turkish Standards Institute, Ankara.
• [24] TS 802, 2009, Design Concrete Mixes, Turkish Standards Institute, 2009. p. 1-18. Ankara.
• [25] Waters, A.C., Volcanic Rocks and the Tectonic Cycle, Geological Society of America Special Papers, 1955, Vol. 62, pp. 703-722.
• [26] Wilson, M.J., Weathering of the primary rock-forming minerals: processes, products and rates, Clay Minerals, September 2004, Vol. 39, pp. 233-266.