LABORATORY-SCALE INVESTIGATION OF AEROBIC COMPOSTABILITY OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE IN ISTANBUL

Year 2016, Volume: 34 Issue: 2, 211 - 220, 01.06.2016

Harun Elcik Ali Zoungrana Nouha Bekaraki

Abstract

In the present study, the aerobic compostability of municipal solid wastes collected from the Composting and Recycling Plant of Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (IMM) was investigated. A laboratory scale consisting of a cylindrical reactor with air pump and temperature sensor was used in the experimental setup. Parameters affecting the composting process such as pH, temperature, moisture content, total kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), volatile solids were followed during 56 days in the reactor. Compost self-heating was measured by performing the Dewar test to determine the stability of the compost. At the end of the study, Salmonella test was used for the detection of pathogenic microorganisms. Also, a phytotoxicity test was performed using the cress seeds (Lepidium sativum). The study results showed that Istanbul municipal solid wastes can be used as composting materials, and the compost produced has been attested to be suitable for agricultural activities.

Keywords

Solid waste, composting, pH, temperature.

References

• [1] Bilgili, M.S., “Katı Atık Düzenli Depo Sahalarında Atıkların Aerobik ve Anaerobik Ayrışması Üzerine Sızıntı Suyu Geri Devrinin Etkileri”, Doktora Tezi, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi, 2006.
• [2] Birpinar, M.E., Bilgili, M.S., Erdogan, T., “Medical waste management in Turkey: A case study of Istanbul”, Waste Management 29, 445–448, 2009.
• [3] Guerrero, L.A., Maas G., Hogland, W., “Solid waste management challenges for cities in developing countries”, Waste Management 33, 220–232, 2013.
• [4] Büyükbektaş, F., Varınca, K.B., “Entegre Atık Yönetimi Kavramı ve AB Uyum Sürecinde Atık Çerçeve Yönetmeliği”, Üniversite Öğrencileri III. Çevre Sorunları Kongresi (ÇESKO 2008), İstanbul, Mayıs, 2008, 73-81.
• [5] Singh, R.P., Singh, P., Araujo, A.S.F., Ibrahim, M.H., Sulaiman, O., “Management of urban solid waste: Vermicomposting a sustainable option”, Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 55, 719–729, 2011.
• [6] Zhang, L., Sun, X., “Influence of bulking agents on physical, chemical, and microbiological properties during the two-stage composting of green waste”, Waste Management 48 (2016) 115–126.
• [7] Hargreaves, J.C., Adl, M.S., Warman, P.R., “A review of the use of composted municipal solid waste in agriculture”, Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 123 (2008) 1–14.
• [8] Xi, B., He, X., Dang,Q., Yang ,T., Li, M., Wang, X., Li , D., Tang, J., “Effect of multi-stage inoculation on the bacterial and fungal community structure during organic municipal solid wastes composting”, Bioresource Technology 196 (2015) 399–405.
• [9] Petric, I., Helic´, A., Avdic, E.A., “Evolution of process parameters and determination of kinetics for co-composting of organic fraction of municipal solid waste with poultry manure”, Bioresource Technology 117 (2012) 107–116.
• [10] Huang, G.F., Wong, J.W.C., Wu, Q.T., Nagar, B.B., “Effect of C/N on composting of pig manure with sawdust”, Waste Management 24 (2004) 805–813.
• [11] Guo, R., Li, G., Jiang, T., Schuchardt, F., Chen, T., Zhao, Y., Shen, Y., “Effect of aeration rate, C/N ratio and moisture content on the stability and maturity of compost”, Bioresource Technology 112 (2012) 171–178.
• [12] Yıldız, Ş., “Sorunlu Biyokatıların Aerobik Stabilizasyonu”, Doktora Tezi, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi, 2010.
• [13] Yıldız, Ş., Ölmez, E., Kiriş, A., “Kompost teknolojileri ve İstanbuldaki Uygulamaları”, Kompostlaştıma Sistemleri ve Kompostun Kullanım Alanları Çalıştayı, İstanbul, Haziran, 2009, 1-12.
• [14] Yazıcı, R., Sekman, E., Top, S., Varank, G., Bilgili, M.S., “Degradation of phenolic compounds in aerobic and anaerobic landfills: a pilot scale study”, Waste Management & Research, 30, 5, 542–550, 2012.
• [15] Öztürk, İ., Erdim, E., Gömeç, Y., Demir, İ., Gençsoy, E., Küçükler, Ö.ve Tezer, H., “Cargill Orhangazi Mısır İşleme Fabrikası’nda Atık Yönetimi Sonuç Raporu” İTÜ Geliştirme Vakfı İktisati İşletmesi, Proje No: 2003/09/285, 2004.
• [16] Öztürk, İ., “Katı Atık Yönetimi ve AB Uyumlu Uygulamaları” 1. Baskı, İstaç Yayınları, İstanbul, Ekim 2010, 1-380.
• [17] Tosun, İ., Gönüllü, M.T., Günay, A., “Gül Posasının Kompostlaştırılmasına Gözenek Malzemesi ve Aşının Etkisi”, Y.T.Ü. Sigma Dergisi, 2, 93-102, 2003.
• [18] Rihani, M., Malamis, D., Bihaoui, B., Etahiri, S., Loizidou, M., “In-vessel treatment of urban primary sludge by aerobic composting”, Bioresource Technology, 101, 5988–5995, 2010.
• [19] Sezer, K., Arıkan, O.A., Yıldız, Ş., “Karışık Kentsel Atık Kompostlaştırma Tesisi Ünitelerinde Atık Profilinin İncelenmesi”, Y.T.Ü. Sigma Dergisi, 3, 185-192, 2011.