AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MECHANICAL EFFECT IN CLEANING PROCESS

Year 2015, Volume: 33 Issue: 3, 385 - 392, 01.09.2015

Yusuf Koç Hasan Alpay Heperkan

Abstract

Cleaning is the process of using water and detergent to remove soil, rust stains or other deposits from surfaces. The cleaning performance is the most important competitive factor. The main parameters that influence the cleaning performance are chemicals, water temperature, cleaning time and mechanical impact on the surfaces. This paper is related with mechanical impact of cleaning processes. A Water Jet Test Apparatus was used to measure the force, generated by a jet of water as it strikes the surface under various experimental conditions. Measured values were between 0.09 and 0.49 N, these were a function of flow rates, angle of impact surface, distance from nozzle to impact surface and cross-sectional area of nozzle. The results showed that the higher flow rate provides a greater impact force with the same nozzle. If the cross-sectional areas of nozzles increase, the water jet impact forces decrease on similar flow rate values. For same experimental conditions, the jet impact force increases with angle of impact surfaces, reaches a maximum value on 90º. The most effective parameter on force was impact of flow rate. As a result of tests, effectiveness of impact of flow rates were 59%, effectiveness of cross-sectional areas of nozzles were 21% and effectiveness of angle of impact surfaces were 15%. The impact of distance from nozzle to surface had limited effect on the jet force.

Keywords

Mechanical impact, water jet, jet force, impact surface, nozzle, flow rateç

References

• [1] Masuda H., Gotoh K., Fukada H., and Banba Y. (1994) The removal of particles from flat surfaces using a high-speed air jet, Advanced Powder Technology 5:205–217.
• [2] Mccreery G. E., and Stoots C. M. (1996) Drop formation mechanisms and size distributions for plate nozzles, Int. J. Multiphase Flow Vol. No. 3, pp:431-452.
• [3] Sertore D., Fusetti, M., Michelato P., and Pagani C., (2006) High pressure rinsing water jet characterization, Proc. EPAC06, INFN Milano-LASA, Segrate (MI), Italy.
• [4] Sertore D., Fusetti, M., Michelato P., and Pagani C. (2008) Study of the high pressure rinsing water jet interactions, Proc. EPAC08, INFN Milano-LASA, Segrate (MI), Italy
• [5] Tsouknidas P., and Zhang X. (2010) Dishwasher improvement at ASKO, Developing a simplified test method to determine the influence of spray arm speed and pressure, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden.
• [6] Wright D., Wolgamott J., and Zink G., (1999) Nozzle performance in rotary applications, WJTA, StoneAge, Durango, Colorado, U.S.A.
• [7] Klavenes A., Stalheim T., Sjovold O., Josefson K., and Granum P. E. (2002) Attachment of Bacillus cereus spores with and without appendages to solids surfaces of stainless steel and polypropylene, In Wilson D. I., Fryer P. J., and Hasting A. P. M. (Eds.), Fouling, cleaning and disinfection in food processing, pp:69-76, UK: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Cambridge.
• [8] Parbhu A. N., Lee A. N., Thomsen S. J., and Siew D. C. W. (2002) Atomic force microscopy applied to monitoring initial stages of milk fouling on stainless steel, In Wilson D. I., Fryer P. J., and Hasting A. P. M. (Eds.), Fouling, cleaning and disinfection in food processing, pp:33-40, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Cambridge, UK.
• [9] Ziskind G., Yarin L. P., Peles S., and Cutfinger C. (2002) Experimental investigation of particle removal from surfaces by pulsed air jets, Aerosol Science and Technology 36:652-659.
• [10] A. Kibar, H. Karabay, K. S. Yiğit, I. O. Uçar, H. Y. Erbil, Experimental Investigation of Inclined Liquid Water Jet Flow onto Vertically Located Superhydrophobic Surfaces, Exp Fluids (2010) 49:1135–1145.