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Benzo[a]anthracene’nin aktif çamur üzerine kronik etkisinin respirometrik incelenmesi

Year 2011, Volume: 21 Issue: 2, 69 - 77, 31.12.2011

Serden Başak Emine Çokgör Derin Orhon

Abstract

Benzo[a]anthracene (B[a]A), toksik ve karsinojen bir polisiklik aromatik hidrokarbon (PAH) olup sigara dumanında, dizel araçların egzoz dumanında, yangın sonucu çıkan dumanlarda, ticari solventlerde vb. bulunmaktadır. B[a]A, Amerika’daki Çevresel Koruma Ajansı (Environmental Protection Agency - EPA) tarafından öncelikli kirleticiler listesinde yer alan 16 PAH’tan biridir. Bu çalışmada, benzo[a]anthracene (B[a]A), model zenobiyotik olarak seçilmiş ve B[a]A’nın sentetik pepton karışımına alışmış aktif çamur üzerindeki kronik etkisi incelenmiştir. Aklimasyon çalışmaları İSKİ Paşaköy İleri Biyolojik Atıksu Arıtma Tesisi’nden alınan biyokütle ile başlatılmış, hidrolik
bekletme süresi 1 gün olan doldur-boşalt reaktörler çamur yaşı 10 gün olarak işletilmiştir. Kronik deneylere başlamadan önce sistem 3 ay süre ile organik madde olarak evsel atıksuyu en iyi temsil ettiği düşünülen sentetik pepton karışımı (600 mg KOİ/L) ile beslenmiştir. Kronik etkinin belirlenmesi için günde iki çevrim ile çalıştırılan çamur yaşı 10 gün olan bir ardışık kesikli reaktör (AKR) sistemi kullanılmıştır. Sadece sentetik pepton karışımı ile beslenen AKR sistemi, kronik etkinin belirlenmesi için 21 gün boyunca sabit miktarda B[a]A (0.011 g/L) eklenerek izlenmiştir. B[a]A’nın aktif çamur üzerine olan kronik etkisi, respirometrik yöntemin yanı sıra konvansiyonel parametreler ile de incelenmiştir. 0.011 g/L B[a]A eklemesinin KOİ giderimi açısından AKR sistemi üzerine bir etkisi olmadığı anlaşılmıştır. Yürütülen modelleme çalışması, respirometrik testler aracılığıyla Modifiye Edilmiş Aktif Çamur Modeli No. 3’teki kinetikler hakkında deneysel veri desteği ve bilgi sağlamıştır. Pepton karışımının biyolojik parçalanmasında B[a]A ilavesi hidroliz hızında bir artışa neden olmuştur. Bunun yanısıra sistemin depolama mekanizması üzerinde de bir etkisi olduğu görülmüştür.

Keywords

Zenobiyotik PAH aktif çamur Benzo[a]anthracene modelleme respirometre

Thanks

Bu çalışma İTÜ Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Doktora Tezlerini Destekleme Projesi ve İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi Projem İstanbul tarafından desteklenmiştir.

References

  • Albert, L., Juhasz, R.N., (2000). Bioremediation of high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: A review of the microbial degradation of Benzo[a]pyrene, International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 45, 57-88.
  • Andrea. G., Loredana, S., Francesco, P., Raffaele, C., Giuseppe, B., (2005). Sequencing batch reactor performance treating PAH contaminated lagoon sediments, Journal of Hazardous Materials, B119, 159-166.
  • Anuradha, M.D., (2005). Biodegradability of select polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) mixtures, Master Thesis, Texas A&M University, USA.
  • Baumard, P., Budzinski, H., Garrigues, P., Dizer, H., Hansen, P.D., (1999). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in recent sediments and mussels (Mytilus edulis) from the western Baltic Sea: occurrence, bioavailability and seasonal variations, Marine Environmental Research, 47, 17-47.
  • Beun, J.J., Paletta, F., van Loosdrecht, M.C.M., Heijnen, J.J., (2000). Stoichiometry and kinetics of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate metabolism in aerobic, slow growing activated sludge cultures, Biotechnolgy and Bioengineering, 67, 4, 379-389.
  • Chang, B.V., Shiung, L.C., Yuan, S.Y., (2002). Anaerobic biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in soil, Chemosphere., 48, 717-724.
  • Cerniglia, C. E., (1992). Biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, Biodegradation, 3, 351-368.
  • Fairey J.L., Loehr, R.C., (2003). Total and volatile polyaromatic hydrocarbon losses during aerobic slurry phase biotreatment, Practice Periodical of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste Management, 182-189.
  • Greenberg, A., Darack, F., Harkov, R., Lioy, P., Daisey, J., (1985). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in New Jersey: A comparison of winter and summer concentrations over a 2-year period, Atmospheric Environment, 19, 1325-1339.
  • Humphries, L.F., (2006). Effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure on three life stages of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae), Master Thesis, Raleigh, NC, USA.
  • Howsam, M., Jones, K.C., (1998). Sources of PAHs in the environment in Neilson, A.H., eds, Anthropogenic compounds. PAHs and related compounds, Springer, Berlin, Germany.
  • International Standard, ISO 6060, (1989). Water quality. Determination of the chemical oxygen demand.
  • International Standard, ISO 8192, (1995). Water quality. Test for the inhibition of oxygen consumption by activated sludge.
  • Jones, K.C., Stratford, J.A., Tidridge, P., Waterhouse, K.S., Johnston, A.E., (1989a). Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in an agricultural soil: Long-term changes in profile distribution, Environmental Pollution, 56, 337-351.
  • Jones, K.C., Stratford, J.A., Waterhouse, K.S., Furlong, E.T., Giger, W., Hites, R.A., Schaffner, C., Johbston, A.E., (1989b). Increases in the polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon content of an agricultural soil over the last century, Environmental Science and Technology, 23, 95-101.
  • Kanaly, R.A., Harayama, S., (2000). Biodegradation of high-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by bacteria, Journal of Bacteriology, 182, 2059-2067.
  • Katipoglu, T., (2007). Evaluation of acclimation and inhibitory impact of 2,6-Dibenzoic acid on the biodegradation of peptone under aerobic conditions, Master Thesis, İTÜ, Istanbul.
  • Lv, Z., Yao, Y., Lv, Z., Min, H., (2008). Effect of tetrahydrofuran on enzyme activities in activated sludge, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety., 70, 259-265.
  • Lundstedt, S., (2003). Analysis of PAHs and their transformation products in contaminated soil and remedial processes, Sweden, 64, ISBN 91-7305- 452-6.
  • Manoli, E., Samara, C., (1996). Waste waters and sewage sludge: Extraction and clean-up for HPLC analysis with fluorescence detection, Chromatographia., 43, 3/4, 135-142.
  • Miege, C., Dugay, J., Hennion, M.C., (2003). Optimization, validation and comparison of various extraction techniques for the trace determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sewage sludges by liquid chromatography coupled to diode-array and fluorescence detection, Journal of Chromatography A., 995, 87-97.
  • N’Guessan, A.L., Levitt, J.S., Nyman, M.C., (2004). Remediation of Benzo(a)pyrene in contaminated sediments using peroxy-acid, Chemosphere, 55, 1413-1420.
  • Santos, J.L., Aparicio, I., Alonso, E., (2007). A new method for the routine analysis of LAS and PAH in sewage sludge by simultaneous sonication- assisted extraction prior to liquid chromatographic determination, Analytica Chimica Act., 605, 102-109.
  • Schmidt-Bleek, F., Haberland, W., (1980). The yardstick concept for the hazard evaluation of substances, Ecotoxicology Environmental Safety, 4, 455.
  • Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, (1998).
  • U.S. Deparment of Health and Human Services, (1995). Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Toxicolocigal Profile for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, p. 1-487. US Government Printing Office, USA.
  • USEPA, (1993). Provisional Guidance for Quantitative Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. EPA/600/R-93/089, July 1993.
  • http://msds.chem.ox.ac.uk/glossary/xenobiotic.html, 2010.
  • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenobiotic, 2010

Year 2011, Volume: 21 Issue: 2, 69 - 77, 31.12.2011

Serden Başak Emine Çokgör Derin Orhon

Abstract

References

  • Albert, L., Juhasz, R.N., (2000). Bioremediation of high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: A review of the microbial degradation of Benzo[a]pyrene, International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 45, 57-88.
  • Andrea. G., Loredana, S., Francesco, P., Raffaele, C., Giuseppe, B., (2005). Sequencing batch reactor performance treating PAH contaminated lagoon sediments, Journal of Hazardous Materials, B119, 159-166.
  • Anuradha, M.D., (2005). Biodegradability of select polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) mixtures, Master Thesis, Texas A&M University, USA.
  • Baumard, P., Budzinski, H., Garrigues, P., Dizer, H., Hansen, P.D., (1999). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in recent sediments and mussels (Mytilus edulis) from the western Baltic Sea: occurrence, bioavailability and seasonal variations, Marine Environmental Research, 47, 17-47.
  • Beun, J.J., Paletta, F., van Loosdrecht, M.C.M., Heijnen, J.J., (2000). Stoichiometry and kinetics of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate metabolism in aerobic, slow growing activated sludge cultures, Biotechnolgy and Bioengineering, 67, 4, 379-389.
  • Chang, B.V., Shiung, L.C., Yuan, S.Y., (2002). Anaerobic biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in soil, Chemosphere., 48, 717-724.
  • Cerniglia, C. E., (1992). Biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, Biodegradation, 3, 351-368.
  • Fairey J.L., Loehr, R.C., (2003). Total and volatile polyaromatic hydrocarbon losses during aerobic slurry phase biotreatment, Practice Periodical of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste Management, 182-189.
  • Greenberg, A., Darack, F., Harkov, R., Lioy, P., Daisey, J., (1985). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in New Jersey: A comparison of winter and summer concentrations over a 2-year period, Atmospheric Environment, 19, 1325-1339.
  • Humphries, L.F., (2006). Effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure on three life stages of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae), Master Thesis, Raleigh, NC, USA.
  • Howsam, M., Jones, K.C., (1998). Sources of PAHs in the environment in Neilson, A.H., eds, Anthropogenic compounds. PAHs and related compounds, Springer, Berlin, Germany.
  • International Standard, ISO 6060, (1989). Water quality. Determination of the chemical oxygen demand.
  • International Standard, ISO 8192, (1995). Water quality. Test for the inhibition of oxygen consumption by activated sludge.
  • Jones, K.C., Stratford, J.A., Tidridge, P., Waterhouse, K.S., Johnston, A.E., (1989a). Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in an agricultural soil: Long-term changes in profile distribution, Environmental Pollution, 56, 337-351.
  • Jones, K.C., Stratford, J.A., Waterhouse, K.S., Furlong, E.T., Giger, W., Hites, R.A., Schaffner, C., Johbston, A.E., (1989b). Increases in the polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon content of an agricultural soil over the last century, Environmental Science and Technology, 23, 95-101.
  • Kanaly, R.A., Harayama, S., (2000). Biodegradation of high-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by bacteria, Journal of Bacteriology, 182, 2059-2067.
  • Katipoglu, T., (2007). Evaluation of acclimation and inhibitory impact of 2,6-Dibenzoic acid on the biodegradation of peptone under aerobic conditions, Master Thesis, İTÜ, Istanbul.
  • Lv, Z., Yao, Y., Lv, Z., Min, H., (2008). Effect of tetrahydrofuran on enzyme activities in activated sludge, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety., 70, 259-265.
  • Lundstedt, S., (2003). Analysis of PAHs and their transformation products in contaminated soil and remedial processes, Sweden, 64, ISBN 91-7305- 452-6.
  • Manoli, E., Samara, C., (1996). Waste waters and sewage sludge: Extraction and clean-up for HPLC analysis with fluorescence detection, Chromatographia., 43, 3/4, 135-142.
  • Miege, C., Dugay, J., Hennion, M.C., (2003). Optimization, validation and comparison of various extraction techniques for the trace determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sewage sludges by liquid chromatography coupled to diode-array and fluorescence detection, Journal of Chromatography A., 995, 87-97.
  • N’Guessan, A.L., Levitt, J.S., Nyman, M.C., (2004). Remediation of Benzo(a)pyrene in contaminated sediments using peroxy-acid, Chemosphere, 55, 1413-1420.
  • Santos, J.L., Aparicio, I., Alonso, E., (2007). A new method for the routine analysis of LAS and PAH in sewage sludge by simultaneous sonication- assisted extraction prior to liquid chromatographic determination, Analytica Chimica Act., 605, 102-109.
  • Schmidt-Bleek, F., Haberland, W., (1980). The yardstick concept for the hazard evaluation of substances, Ecotoxicology Environmental Safety, 4, 455.
  • Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, (1998).
  • U.S. Deparment of Health and Human Services, (1995). Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Toxicolocigal Profile for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, p. 1-487. US Government Printing Office, USA.
  • USEPA, (1993). Provisional Guidance for Quantitative Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. EPA/600/R-93/089, July 1993.
  • http://msds.chem.ox.ac.uk/glossary/xenobiotic.html, 2010.
  • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenobiotic, 2010
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Water Resources and Water Structures
Journal Section Lisansüstü tezlerden üretilmiş makaleler
Authors

Serden Başak This is me

Emine Çokgör This is me

Derin Orhon This is me

Publication Date December 31, 2011
Published in Issue Year 2011 Volume: 21 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Başak, S., Çokgör, E., & Orhon, D. (2011). Benzo[a]anthracene’nin aktif çamur üzerine kronik etkisinin respirometrik incelenmesi. Su Kirlenmesi Kontrolü Dergisi, 21(2), 69-77.
AMA Başak S, Çokgör E, Orhon D. Benzo[a]anthracene’nin aktif çamur üzerine kronik etkisinin respirometrik incelenmesi. Su Kirlenmesi Kontrolü Dergisi. December 2011;21(2):69-77.
Chicago Başak, Serden, Emine Çokgör, and Derin Orhon. “Benzo[a]anthracene’nin Aktif çamur üzerine Kronik Etkisinin Respirometrik Incelenmesi”. Su Kirlenmesi Kontrolü Dergisi 21, no. 2 (December 2011): 69-77.
EndNote Başak S, Çokgör E, Orhon D (December 1, 2011) Benzo[a]anthracene’nin aktif çamur üzerine kronik etkisinin respirometrik incelenmesi. Su Kirlenmesi Kontrolü Dergisi 21 2 69–77.
IEEE S. Başak, E. Çokgör, and D. Orhon, “Benzo[a]anthracene’nin aktif çamur üzerine kronik etkisinin respirometrik incelenmesi”, Su Kirlenmesi Kontrolü Dergisi, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 69–77, 2011.
ISNAD Başak, Serden et al. “Benzo[a]anthracene’nin Aktif çamur üzerine Kronik Etkisinin Respirometrik Incelenmesi”. Su Kirlenmesi Kontrolü Dergisi 21/2 (December 2011), 69-77.
JAMA Başak S, Çokgör E, Orhon D. Benzo[a]anthracene’nin aktif çamur üzerine kronik etkisinin respirometrik incelenmesi. Su Kirlenmesi Kontrolü Dergisi. 2011;21:69–77.
MLA Başak, Serden et al. “Benzo[a]anthracene’nin Aktif çamur üzerine Kronik Etkisinin Respirometrik Incelenmesi”. Su Kirlenmesi Kontrolü Dergisi, vol. 21, no. 2, 2011, pp. 69-77.
Vancouver Başak S, Çokgör E, Orhon D. Benzo[a]anthracene’nin aktif çamur üzerine kronik etkisinin respirometrik incelenmesi. Su Kirlenmesi Kontrolü Dergisi. 2011;21(2):69-77.
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