Delayed Diagnosis of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy: Case Report

Abstract

Thyroid diseases are common endocrine disorders worldwide. They may occur due to either increased hormonal activity or decreased hormone production. Thyrotoxicosis refers to the presence of elevated thyroid hormone levels in the blood, whereas hyperthyroidism refers to increased synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones. Graves' disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. Thyroid ophthalmopathy is the most common extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves' disease. Graves' ophthalmopathy is an autoimmune condition affecting the orbital and extraocular muscles, the pathogenesis of which is not fully understood. Management of Graves' ophthalmopathy should begin with achieving and maintaining euthyroidism. Accurate diagnosis of thyroid diseases relies on a careful medical history, physical examination, and laboratory evaluation. This article discusses the role of primary care and preventive approaches in a patient with delayed diagnosis of Graves' ophthalmopathy.

Keywords

• Hyperthyroidism
• Ophthalmopathy
• TSH Receptor Antibodies (TRab)

Tanıda Geç Kalınmış Graves Oftalmopatisi: Olgu Sunumu

Abstract

Tiroid hastalıkları ülkemizde ve tüm dünyada yaygın olarak görülen endokrin hastalıklardandır. Tiroid hastalıkları ya artmış hormonal aktivite ya da hormon üretim azlığına bağlı olarak seyretmektedir. Çeşitli nedenlerle kanda tiroid hormonunun artmasına tirotoksikoz,; tiroid bezinin normalden çok çalışarak aşırı miktarda tiroid hormonu üretmesine ise hipertiroidi denir. Graves hastalığı ise hipertiroidinin en sık görülen nedenidir. Graves hastalığının en sık görülen tiroid dışı tutulumu tiroid oftalmopatisidir. Graves oftalmopatisi; patogenezi tam anlaşılmayan, orbita ve ekstraoküler kasları etkileyen otoimmün bir hastalıktır. Graves oftalmopati yönetimi eşlik eden tiroid hastalığının kontrolü ile başlamalıdır. Tiroid hastalıklarında doğru tanı dikkatli bir öykü, fizik muayene ve laboratuvar araştırması ile elde edilir. Yazımızda birinci basamak sağlık hizmetlerine başvuran, tanıda geç kalınmış graves oftalmopatisi olan hastanın problemlerine yaklaşım ele alınmıştır.

Keywords

• Hipertiroidizm
• Oftalmopati
• TSH Reseptör Antikoru (TRAb)

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