Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Structural Study on Sustaniable Rainwater Harvesting

Year 2022, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 210 - 231, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.51764/smutgd.1121620

Abstract

Today, usable water resources are in serious danger and at risk due to the deterioration of the economic, social and ecological system. Accessing to water is still possible by making use of all the possibilities of technology to meet the increasing water demand. But usable water resources are not endless and water cannot be replaced. Increasing population and depletion of usable water resources have led countries to seek alternative water sources such as rainwater harvesting, gray water and desalination. Rainwater, one of the alternative water sources, has been used by mankind since ancient times. In this article, the philosophy of water is briefly mentioned, the systems used for rainwater harvesting and the development of these systems are briefly mentioned, and information is given about the application of the rainwater system in the world and in our country, how it is applied, and the policies of the countries on this issue. The importance of the technology used to reach water to meet the ever-increasing water demand and the application of rainwater harvesting, which is one of the alternative water resources, in macro and micro scales for the water cycle, which is deteriorated due to human destruction, wrong practices, deforestation and urbanization, has been demonstrated.

References

  • Abdulla, Fayez A., ve A. W. Al-Shareef. 2009. “Roof rainwater harvesting systems for household water supply in Jordan”. Desalination 243(1–3):195–207. doi: 10.1016/J.DESAL.2008.05.013.
  • Akoto, Osei, Fredrick Appiah, ve Nathaniel Owusu Boadi. 2011. “Physicochemical analysis of roof runoffs from the Obuasi area”. Water Practice and Technology 6(1). doi: 10.2166/WPT.2011.003/21199.
  • Angelakis, A. N., ve D. S. Spyridakis. 2010. “A brief history of water supply and wastewater management in ancient Greece”. Water Supply 10(4):618–28. doi: 10.2166/WS.2010.105.
  • Angelakis, Andreas N., Giovanni De Feo, Pietro Laureano, ve Anastasia Zourou. 2013. “Minoan and Etruscan Hydro-Technologies”. Water 2013, Vol. 5, Pages 972-987 5(3):972–87. doi: 10.3390/W5030972.
  • Bahar, H. 2017. “Hititlerde Su Kültü ve Konya Su Anıtları”. Ss. 861–67 içinde ULUSLARARASI KÜLTÜREL MİRAS VE TURİZM KONGRESİ.
  • Belmeziti, Ali, Olivier Coutard, ve Bernard de Gouvello. 2013. “A New Methodology for Evaluating Potential for Potable Water Savings (PPWS) by Using Rainwater Harvesting at the Urban Level: The Case of the Municipality of Colombes (Paris Region)”. Water 2013, Vol. 5, Pages 312-326 5(1):312–26. doi: 10.3390/W5010312.
  • Berens, E. M. 2021. Antik Yunan ve Roma Mitleri ve Efsaneleri. İstanbul: Fa Yayınları.
  • Bilgiç, D., ve E. Hosny. 2019. “Din Ve İnançlarda Suyun Önemi Ve Mimariye Yansıması El Hamra Sarayı Örneği”. Türk ve İslam Dünyası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi 6(20):56–76.
  • Bitis, Ioannis. 2013. “Water supply methods in Ancient Thera: The case of the sanctuary of Apollo Karneios”. Water Science and Technology: Water Supply 13(3):638–45. doi: 10.2166/WS.2013.017.
  • Boers, Th M. 1994. Rainwater Harvesting in Arid and Semi-Arid Zones. Publication No. 55. The Netherlands: 0 International Institute for Land Reclamation and Improvement (ILRI).
  • Campisano, Alberto, David Butler, Sarah Ward, Matthew J. Burns, Eran Friedler, Kathy DeBusk, Lloyd N. Fisher-Jeffes, Enedir Ghisi, Ataur Rahman, Hiroaki Furumai, ve Mooyoung Han. 2017. “g”. Water Research 115:195–209. doi: 10.1016/J.WATRES.2017.02.056.
  • Campling, P., L. De Nocker, W. Schiettecatte, A. I. Iacovides, T. Dworak, M. A. Arenas, C. C. Pozo, O. Le Mat, V. Mattheiß, ve F. Kervarec. 2008. ASSESSMENT OF THE RISKS AND IMPACTS OF FOUR ALTERNATIVE WATER SUPPLY OPTIONS. Brussels, Belgium.
  • Çeçen, M. K. 1996. Sinan’s water supply system in Istanbul. İstanbul: İSKİ.
  • Daoud, A. K., K. M. Swaileh, R. M. Hussein, ve M. Matani. 2011. “Quality assessment of roof-harvested rainwater in the West Bank, Palestinian Authority”. Journal of Water and Health 9(3):525–33. doi: 10.2166/WH.2011.148.
  • Dereli, Cansu Konyalı, ve Rukiye Duygu Çay. 2020. “Sürdürülebilir Yağmur Suyu Yönetimi Kapsamında Yeşil Altyapı Sistemlerinin Değerlendirilmesi: Edirne İli Örneği”. Kent Akademisi 13(4):668–87. doi: 10.35674/KENT.822454.
  • Despins, Christopher, Khosrow Farahbakhsh, ve Chantelle Leidl. 2009. “Assessment of rainwater quality from rainwater harvesting systems in Ontario, Canada”. Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua 58(2):117–34. doi: 10.2166/AQUA.2009.013.
  • Domènech, Laia, ve David Saurí. 2011. “A comparative appraisal of the use of rainwater harvesting in single and multi-family buildings of the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona (Spain): social experience, drinking water savings and economic costs”. Journal of Cleaner Production 19(6–7):598–608. doi: 10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2010.11.010.
  • DSİ. 2006. “DSİ 2006 Yılı Faaliyet Raporu”. Tarihinde 07 Mart 2022 (https://cdniys.tarimorman.gov.tr/api/File/GetFile/425/KonuIcerik/759/1107/DosyaGaleri/dsı-2006-faalıyet-raporu.pdf).
  • DSİ. 2021. DSi 2021 Yılı Faaliyet Raporu. Everani, M., L. Shanan, N. Tadmor, ve Y. Aharoni. 1961. “Ancient Agriculture in The Negev”. Science 133(3457):979–96.
  • Falkenmark, Malin, Jan Lundqvist, ve Carl Widstrand. 1989. “Macro-scale water scarcity requires micro-scale approaches. Aspects of vulnerability in semi-arid development”. Natural resources forum 13(4):258–67. doi: 10.1111/J.1477-8947.1989.TB00348.X.
  • Fewtrell, L., D. Kay, ve D. Kay{. 2008. “Microbial quality of rainwater supplies in developed countries: a review”. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15730620701526097 4(4):253–60. doi: 10.1080/15730620701526097.
  • Fuentes-Galván, María L., Josefina Ortiz Medel, ve Luz A. Arias Hernández. 2018. “Roof rainwater harvesting in central Mexico: Uses, benefits, and factors of adoption”. Water (Switzerland) 10(2):116. doi: 10.3390/w10020116.
  • Furumai, H., J. Kim, M. İmbe, ve H. Okui. 2008. “Recent application of rainwater storage and harvesting in Japan. In Proceedings of the 3rd IWA International Rainwater Harvesting and Management Workshop as a part of IWA-Viena World Water Congress & Exhibition”. S. 7 içinde. Vienna, Austria.
  • Garceau, Michelle E. 2011. “‘I call the people.’ Church bells in fourteenth-century Catalunya”. Journal of Medieval History 37(2):197–214. doi: 10.1016/J.JMEDHIST.2011.02.002.
  • Gonen, Semih, Bora Pulatsu, Ece Erdogmus, Engin Karaesmen, ve Erhan Karaesmen. 2021. “Quasi-Static Nonlinear Seismic Assessment of a Fourth Century A.D. Roman Aqueduct in Istanbul, Turkey”. Heritage 2021, Vol. 4, Pages 401-421 4(1):401–21. doi: 10.3390/HERITAGE4010025.
  • Hwang, A. H. S., C. Valeo, ve D. Draper. 2013. “Public Perceptions and Attitudes Toward Stormwater Recycling for Irrigation”. http://dx.doi.org/10.4296/cwrj3103185 31(3):185–96. doi: 10.4296/CWRJ3103185.
  • Islam, Md Manzurul, F. N. F. Chou, M. R. Kabir, ve C. H. Liaw. 2010. “Rainwater: A Potential Alternative Source for Scarce Safe Drinking and Arsenic Contaminated Water in Bangladesh”. Water Resources Management 24(14):3987–4008. doi: 10.1007/S11269-010-9643-7.
  • Kasprzyk, Magda, Wojciech Szpakowski, Eliza Poznańska, Floris C. Boogaard, Katarzyna Bobkowska, ve Magdalena Gajewska. 2022. “Technical solutions and benefits of introducing rain gardens – Gdańsk case study”. Science of The Total Environment 835:155487. doi: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2022.155487.
  • Kayaer, Mesut, ve Salih Çiftçi. 2018. “‘Su Sorunu’ ve Türkiye’nin Tatlısu Potansiyeli Çerçevesinde Türkiye’nin Sınıraşan Sularının Stratejik, Etik ve Hukuki Boyutlarının Değerlendirilmesi”. Pesa International Journal of Social Studies 4:2528–9950. doi: 10.25272/j.2149-8385.2018.4.3.02.
  • Kerim, Ali, ve Veli Süme. 2018. “Türk Hidrolik Dergisi/Turkish Journal of Hydraulic İstanbul’un Eski Su Kaynakları; Sarnıçlar”. Tur. J. Hyd.
  • Kisakye, Violet, ve Bart Van der Bruggen. 2018. “Effects of climate change on water savings and water security from rainwater harvesting systems”. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 138:49–63. doi: 10.1016/J.RESCONREC.2018.07.009.
  • Kiyak, Abdulkadir. 2013. “Geleneksel Türk İnanışlarındaki Su Kültü Ve Elazığ’daki İzleri”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 2(4):22–39.
  • Külekçi, Elif Akpinar. 2017. “Geçmişten Günümüze Yeşil Çatı Sistemleri ve Yeşil Çatılarda Kalite Standartlarının Belirlenmesine Yönelik Bir Araştırma”. ATA Planlama ve Tasarım Dergisi 1(1):35–53.
  • Kumar, M. Dinesh. 2009. “Roof Water Harvesting for Domestic Water Security: Who Gains and Who Loses?” http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02508060408691747 29(1):43–53. doi: 10.1080/02508060408691747.
  • Lade, Omolara, ve David Oloke. 2015. “Modelling Rainwater System Harvesting in Ibadan, Nigeria: Application to a Residential Apartment”. American Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 3(3):86–100. doi: 10.12691/ajcea-3-3-5.
  • Lee, Khai Ern, Mazlin Mokhtar, Marlia Mohd Hanafiah, Azhar Abdul Halim, ve Jamaludin Badusah. 2016. “Rainwater harvesting as an alternative water resource in Malaysia: potential, policies and development”. Journal of Cleaner Production 126:218–22. doi: 10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2016.03.060.
  • Li, Zhe, Fergal Boyle, ve Anthony Reynolds. 2010. “Rainwater harvesting and greywater treatment systems for domestic application in Ireland”. Desalination 260(1–3):1–8. doi: 10.1016/J.DESAL.2010.05.035.
  • Llopart-Mascaró, A., R. Ruiz, M. Martínez, P. Malgrat, M. Rusiñol, A. Gil, J. Suárez, J. Puertas, H. Del Rio, ve M. Paraira. y.y. “Analysis of rainwater quality. Towards a sustainable rainwater management in urban environments-Sostaqua Project Analysis of rainwater quality: Towards sustainable rainwater management in urban environments-Sostaqua Project”.
  • Lye, Dennis J. 2002. “Health risks associated with consumption of untreated water from household roof catchment systems”. Journal of the American Water Resources Association 38(5):1301–6. doi: 10.1111/J.1752-1688.2002.TB04349.X.
  • Mankad, Aditi, Andrea Walton, ve Kim Alexander. 2015. “Key dimensions of public acceptance for managed aquifer recharge of urban stormwater”. Journal of Cleaner Production 89:214–23. doi: 10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2014.11.028.
  • Mati, Bancy, Tanguy De Bock, Maimbo Malesu, Elizabeth Khaka, Alex Oduor, Meshack Nyabenge, ve Vincent Oduor. 2006. Mapping the Potential of Rainwater Harvesting Technologies in Africa A GIS overview on development domains for the continent and ten selected countries. C. Technical. Nairobi, Kenya: The SearNet Secretariat, Global Water Partnership Associated Programme of RELMAin-ICRAF.
  • Mays, Larry, George P. Antoniou, ve Andreas N. Angelakis. 2013. “History of Water Cisterns: Legacies and Lessons”. Water 2013, Vol. 5, Pages 1916-1940 5(4):1916–40. doi: 10.3390/W5041916.
  • Melidis, Paraschos, Christos S. Akratos, Vassilios A. Tsihrintzis, ve Eleni Trikilidou. 2006. “Characterization of Rain and Roof Drainage Water Quality in Xanthi, Greece”. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 2006 127:1 127(1):15–27. doi: 10.1007/S10661-006-9254-1.
  • Mengü, Gülay PAMUK, ve Erhan Akkuzu. 2008. “KÜRESEL SU KRİZİ VE SU HASADI TEKNİKLERİ”. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 5(2):75–85.
  • De Moraes, Andrea Ferreira Jacques, ve Cecilia Rocha. 2013. “Gendered waters: the participation of women in the ‘One Million Cisterns’ rainwater harvesting program in the Brazilian Semi-Arid region”. Journal of Cleaner Production 60:163–69. doi: 10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2013.03.015.
  • Moya-Fernández, Pablo J., Samara López-Ruiz, Jorge Guardiola, ve Francisco González-Gómez. 2021. “Determinants of the acceptance of domestic use of recycled water by use type”. Sustainable Production and Consumption 27:575–86. doi: 10.1016/J.SPC.2021.01.026.
  • Müftüğlu, Volkan, ve Halim Perçin. 2015. “SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR KENTSEL YAĞMUR SUYU YÖNETİMİ KAPSAMINDA YAĞMUR BAHÇESİ”. İnönü Üniversitesi Sanat ve Tasarım Dergisi 5(11):27–37. doi: 10.16950/std.34364.
  • Ortloff, Charles R. 2020. “Roman Hydraulic Engineering: The Pont du Gard Aqueduct and Nemausus (Nîmes) Castellum”. Water 2021, Vol. 13, Page 54 13(1):54. doi: 10.3390/W13010054.
  • Oviedo-Ocaña, Edgar Ricardo, Isabel Dominguez, Sarah Ward, Miryam Lizeth Rivera-Sanchez, ve Julian Mauricio Zaraza-Peña. 2018. “Financial feasibility of end-user designed rainwater harvesting and greywater reuse systems for high water use households”. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 25(20):19200–216. doi: 10.1007/S11356-017-8710-5/TABLES/12.
  • Öziş, Ü. 1987. Su Mühendisliği Tarihi Açısından Anadoludaki Eski Su Yapıları. İzmir: Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Mühendislik.
  • Peck, Steven W., ve Monica Kuhn. 2003. Design guidelines for green roofs | WorldCat.org. Toronto, Ottawa: Ontario Association of Architects.
  • Prinz, Dieter, ve Amir H. Malik. 2002. “Runoff farming”. S. 39 içinde WCA InfoNET. Rome, İtaly. Quek, Udo, ve Jürgen Förster. 1993. “Trace metals in roof runoff”. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 1993 68:3 68(3):373–89. doi: 10.1007/BF00478464.
  • Reddy, Y. A. 2006. Water Harvesting : Limitations in Implementation. Nagpur.
  • Reitano, Raffaella. 2011. “Water Harvesting and Water Collection Systems in Mediterranean Area. The case of Malta”. Procedia Engineering 21:81–88. doi: 10.1016/J.PROENG.2011.11.1990.
  • Ringler, Claudia, Mark W. Rosegrant, ve Michael S. Paisner. 2000. “IRRIGATION AND WATER RESOURCES IN LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES”. doi: 10.22004/AG.ECON.16085.
  • Roebuck, R. M., C. Oltean-Dumbrava, ve S. Tait. 2011. “Whole life cost performance of domestic rainwater harvesting systems in the United Kingdom”. Water and Environment Journal 25(3):355–65. doi: 10.1111/J.1747-6593.2010.00230.X.
  • Rosenberg, D. 1998. Dünya Mitolojisi. Ankara: İmge Kitabevi Yayınları.
  • Sazakli, E., A. Alexopoulos, ve M. Leotsinidis. 2007. “Rainwater harvesting, quality assessment and utilization in Kefalonia Island, Greece”. Water Research 41(9):2039–47. doi: 10.1016/J.WATRES.2007.01.037.
  • Schuetze, T. 2013. “Rainwater harvesting and management – policy and regulations in Germany”. Water Supply 13(2):376–85. doi: 10.2166/WS.2013.035.
  • Silva, Cristina Matos, Vitor Sousa, ve Nuno Vaz Carvalho. 2015. “Evaluation of rainwater harvesting in Portugal: Application to single-family residences”. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 94:21–34. doi: 10.1016/J.RESCONREC.2014.11.004.
  • Silveira, A. L. L. 2002. Apostila: Drenagem Urbana: aspectos de gestão. 1. Ed. Curso preparado por: Instituto de Pesquisas Hidráulicas. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul e Fundo Setorial de Recursos Hídricos.
  • Tanık, A. 2017. “Yağmur Suyu Toplama, Biriktirme ve Geri Kullanım”. içinde Su Kaynakları ve Kentler Konferansı. Kahramanmaraş.
  • Ulutürk, Muammer. 2009. “Dinlerde Su Tasavvuları”. içinde Su Medeniyeti Sempozyumu Bildirileri. Konya.
  • UNESCO. 2021. The United Nations World Water Development Report 2021: Valuing water. Paris.
  • URL1. “Ganj Nehri - Vikipedi”. Tarihinde 19 Mayıs 2022 (https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganj_Nehri).
  • URL2. “Su ve Döngüsü hakkında herşey - Türkiye Yaban Hayatı”. Tarihinde 19 Mayıs 2022 (https://turkiyeyabanhayati.org/blog/detail/su-ve-dongusu-hakkinda-hersey).
  • URL3. “Yerebatan Sarnıcı”. Tarihinde 19 Mayıs 2022 (https://www.yerebatan.com/).
  • URL4. “Kanunî nin 4 Asırlık Mirası Terk Edilen Su Sarnıçları”. Tarihinde 19 Mayıs 2022 (https://v3.arkitera.com/h58115--kanunînin-4-asirlik-mirasi-terk-edilen-su-sarniclari.html).
  • URL5. “Yağmur Suyu Hasat Sistemi Garantileri ve Bakımı | Invento Enerji A.Ş.” Tarihinde 24 Kasım 2022 (https://inventoenerji.com/yagmur-suyu-hasat-sistemi-garantileri-ve-bakimi/).
  • URL6. “Yağmur Bahçeleri Nedir? Yağmur Bahçesi Ne İşe Yarar?” Tarihinde 24 Kasım 2022 (https://soyleki.com/yagmur-bahceleri-nedir-yagmur-bahcesi-ne-ise-yarar/).
  • URL7. “How to Build a Rain Garden - This Old House”. Tarihinde 24 Kasım 2022 (https://www.thisoldhouse.com/gardening/21016338/how-to-build-a-rain-garden-to-filter-run-off).
  • URL8. “Suyu Emen Asfalt ve Beton - ÇEYREK MÜHENDİS”. Tarihinde 25 Kasım 2022 (https://www.ceyrekmuhendis.com/suyu-emen-asfalt-ve-beton/).
  • URL9. “Geçirimli Beton Nedir”. Tarihinde 25 Kasım 2022 (https://www.thbb.org/media/281170/gecirimli_beton_uygulama_kılavuzu_147.pdf).
  • URL10. “Turkcell AR-GE Binası”. Tarihinde 25 Kasım 2022 (http://www.arkiv.com.tr/proje/turkcell-ar-ge-binasi/1497).
  • URL11. “Piano’nun yeni projesi ‘Volkan’ |”. Tarihinde 25 Kasım 2022 (http://mimdap.org/2010/01/pianonun-yeni-projesi-volkan/).
  • URL12. “FAO”. Tarihinde 25 Kasım 2022 (https://www.fao.org/3/u3160e/u3160e00.htm#Contents).
  • URL13. “Tarım ve orman alanlarında kar/yağmur suyu hasadı | Independent Türkçe”. Tarihinde 25 Kasım 2022 (https://www.indyturk.com/node/464071/türki̇yeden-sesler/tarım-ve-orman-alanlarında-karyağmur-suyu-hasadı).
  • URL14. “Potsdamer Plaza - Ramboll Grup”. Tarihinde 20 Mayıs 2022 (https://ramboll.com/projects/germany/potsdamer-plaza).
  • URL15. “Rainwater harvesting for supplementary irrigation in Africa. | Download Scientific Diagram”. Tarihinde 20 Mayıs 2022 (https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Rainwater-harvesting-for-supplementary-irrigation-in-Africa_fig7_237072055).
  • URL16. “Shiva Ganga Temple Pond - Tiruvannamalai”. Tarihinde 19 Mayıs 2022 (http://wikimapia.org/9867325/Shiva-Ganga-Temple-Pond).
  • URL17. “Shenzhen Shenwan Street Park / AUBE CONCEPTION | ArchDaily”. Tarihinde 19 Mayıs 2022 (https://www.archdaily.com/939209/shenzhen-shenwan-street-park-aube-conception).
  • URL18. “Rainwater Harvesting Greenbelt in Qian’an | Biennal”. Tarihinde 20 Mayıs 2022 (https://landscape.coac.net/rainwater-harvesting-greenbelt-qianan).
  • URL19. “Tips for Using Rainwater in Architectural Projects | ArchDaily”. Tarihinde 19 Mayıs 2022 (https://www.archdaily.com/940535/tips-for-using-rainwater-in-architectural-projects).
  • URL20. “Peru’daki Antik Spiral Şekillerin Sırrı Uydu Fotoğraflarıyla Çözüldü - Arkeofili”. Tarihinde 19 Mayıs 2022 (https://arkeofili.com/perudaki-antik-spiral-sekillerin-sirri-uydu-fotograflariyla-cozuldu/).
  • URL21. “Haberler | Aşık Veysel Rekreasyon Alanı’nda ‘Yağmur Suyu Hasadı’ başladı”. Tarihinde 24 Kasım 2022 (https://www.izmir.bel.tr/tr/Haberler/asik-veysel-rekreasyon-alani-nda-yagmur-suyu-hasadi-basladi/45933/156).
  • URL22. “KURAKLIĞA KARŞI ‘YAĞMUR SUYU’ HASADI BAŞLADI - Ordu Büyükşehir Belediyesi”. Tarihinde 24 Kasım 2022 (http://ordu.bel.tr/Haber/44244/kurakliga-karsi-’yagmur-suyu’-hasadi-basladi).
  • Vitrivius. 2021. De Architectura Libri Decem : Mimarlık Üzerine On Kitap. 6. Baskı. İstanbul: Alfa Basım Yayım Dağıtım.
  • Ward, S., F. A. Memon, ve D. Butler. 2010. “Harvested rainwater quality: The importance of appropriate design”. Water Science and Technology 61(7):1707–14. doi: 10.2166/WST.2010.102.
  • Ward, S., F. A. Memon, ve D. Butler. 2012. “Performance of a large building rainwater harvesting system”. Water Research 46(16):5127–34. doi: 10.1016/J.WATRES.2012.06.043.
  • Yannopoulos, Stavros, Ioanna Giannopoulou, ve Mina Kaiafa-Saropoulou. 2019. “Investigation of the Current Situation and Prospects for the Development of Rainwater Harvesting as a Tool to Confront Water Scarcity Worldwide”. Water 2019, Vol. 11, Page 2168 11(10):2168. doi: 10.3390/W11102168.
  • Yufen, Ren, Wang Xiaoke, Ouyang Zhiyun, Zheng Hua, Duan Xiaonan, ve Miao Hong. 2008. “Stormwater Runoff Quality from Different Surfaces in an Urban Catchment in Beijing, China”. Water Environment Research 80(8):719–24. doi: 10.2175/106143008X276660.
  • Zabidi, Husnna Aishah, Hui Weng Goh, Chun Kiat Chang, Ngai Weng Chan, ve Nor Azazi Zakaria. 2020. “A Review of Roof and Pond Rainwater Harvesting Systems for Water Security: The Design, Performance and Way Forward”. Water 2020, Vol. 12, Page 3163 12(11):3163. doi: 10.3390/W12113163.
  • Zhang, Yan, Donghui Chen, Liang Chen, ve Stephanie Ashbolt. 2009. “Potential for rainwater use in high-rise buildings in Australian cities”. Journal of Environmental Management 91(1):222–26. doi: 10.1016/J.JENVMAN.2009.08.008.
  • Zobrist, J., S. R. Müller, A. Ammann, T. D. Bucheli, V. Mottier, M. Ochs, R. Schoenenberger, J. Eugster, ve M. Boller. 2000. “Quality of roof runoff for groundwater infiltration”. Water Research 34(5):1455–62. doi: 10.1016/S0043-1354(99)00290-0.

Sürdürülebilir Yağmur Suyu Hasadı Üzerine Yapısal Bir İnceleme

Year 2022, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 210 - 231, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.51764/smutgd.1121620

Abstract

Günümüzde ekonomik, sosyal ve ekolojik sistemin bozulması gibi nedenlerle kullanılabilir su kaynakları ciddi tehlike ve risk altındadır. Artan su talebini karşılamak için teknolojinin bütün imkânlarından yararlanarak suya erişim halen mümkündür. Fakat kullanılabilir su kaynakları sonsuz değildir ve suyun ikamesi mümkün değildir. Nüfusun artması ve kullanılabilir su kaynaklarının gittikçe tükeniyor olması, ülkeleri yağmur suyu hasadı, gri su, tuzdan arınma gibi alternatif su kaynakları arayışlarına yöneltmiştir. Alternatif su kaynaklarından biri olan yağmur suyu, eski çağlardan beri insanoğlu tarafından kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada su felsefesinden kısaca bahsedilerek, yağmur suyu hasadı için kullanılan sistemlerin neler olduğundan ve yağmur suyu hasadı sistemlerin gelişimine kısaca değinilerek Dünya’daki ve ülkemizdeki yağmur suyu sisteminin uygulamasının hangi noktada olduğu, nasıl uygulandığı, ülkelerin bu konudaki politikaları hakkında bilgiler verilecektir. Gittikçe artan su talebini karşılamak için suya ulaşmada kullanılan teknolojinin ve insanların verdiği hasar, yanlış uygulamalar, ormansızlaşma, kentleşme gibi nedenlerle bozulan su döngüsü için alternatif su kaynaklarından biri olan yağmur suyu hasadının makro ve mikro ölçekte uygulanmalarının önemi ortaya konulmuştur.

References

  • Abdulla, Fayez A., ve A. W. Al-Shareef. 2009. “Roof rainwater harvesting systems for household water supply in Jordan”. Desalination 243(1–3):195–207. doi: 10.1016/J.DESAL.2008.05.013.
  • Akoto, Osei, Fredrick Appiah, ve Nathaniel Owusu Boadi. 2011. “Physicochemical analysis of roof runoffs from the Obuasi area”. Water Practice and Technology 6(1). doi: 10.2166/WPT.2011.003/21199.
  • Angelakis, A. N., ve D. S. Spyridakis. 2010. “A brief history of water supply and wastewater management in ancient Greece”. Water Supply 10(4):618–28. doi: 10.2166/WS.2010.105.
  • Angelakis, Andreas N., Giovanni De Feo, Pietro Laureano, ve Anastasia Zourou. 2013. “Minoan and Etruscan Hydro-Technologies”. Water 2013, Vol. 5, Pages 972-987 5(3):972–87. doi: 10.3390/W5030972.
  • Bahar, H. 2017. “Hititlerde Su Kültü ve Konya Su Anıtları”. Ss. 861–67 içinde ULUSLARARASI KÜLTÜREL MİRAS VE TURİZM KONGRESİ.
  • Belmeziti, Ali, Olivier Coutard, ve Bernard de Gouvello. 2013. “A New Methodology for Evaluating Potential for Potable Water Savings (PPWS) by Using Rainwater Harvesting at the Urban Level: The Case of the Municipality of Colombes (Paris Region)”. Water 2013, Vol. 5, Pages 312-326 5(1):312–26. doi: 10.3390/W5010312.
  • Berens, E. M. 2021. Antik Yunan ve Roma Mitleri ve Efsaneleri. İstanbul: Fa Yayınları.
  • Bilgiç, D., ve E. Hosny. 2019. “Din Ve İnançlarda Suyun Önemi Ve Mimariye Yansıması El Hamra Sarayı Örneği”. Türk ve İslam Dünyası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi 6(20):56–76.
  • Bitis, Ioannis. 2013. “Water supply methods in Ancient Thera: The case of the sanctuary of Apollo Karneios”. Water Science and Technology: Water Supply 13(3):638–45. doi: 10.2166/WS.2013.017.
  • Boers, Th M. 1994. Rainwater Harvesting in Arid and Semi-Arid Zones. Publication No. 55. The Netherlands: 0 International Institute for Land Reclamation and Improvement (ILRI).
  • Campisano, Alberto, David Butler, Sarah Ward, Matthew J. Burns, Eran Friedler, Kathy DeBusk, Lloyd N. Fisher-Jeffes, Enedir Ghisi, Ataur Rahman, Hiroaki Furumai, ve Mooyoung Han. 2017. “g”. Water Research 115:195–209. doi: 10.1016/J.WATRES.2017.02.056.
  • Campling, P., L. De Nocker, W. Schiettecatte, A. I. Iacovides, T. Dworak, M. A. Arenas, C. C. Pozo, O. Le Mat, V. Mattheiß, ve F. Kervarec. 2008. ASSESSMENT OF THE RISKS AND IMPACTS OF FOUR ALTERNATIVE WATER SUPPLY OPTIONS. Brussels, Belgium.
  • Çeçen, M. K. 1996. Sinan’s water supply system in Istanbul. İstanbul: İSKİ.
  • Daoud, A. K., K. M. Swaileh, R. M. Hussein, ve M. Matani. 2011. “Quality assessment of roof-harvested rainwater in the West Bank, Palestinian Authority”. Journal of Water and Health 9(3):525–33. doi: 10.2166/WH.2011.148.
  • Dereli, Cansu Konyalı, ve Rukiye Duygu Çay. 2020. “Sürdürülebilir Yağmur Suyu Yönetimi Kapsamında Yeşil Altyapı Sistemlerinin Değerlendirilmesi: Edirne İli Örneği”. Kent Akademisi 13(4):668–87. doi: 10.35674/KENT.822454.
  • Despins, Christopher, Khosrow Farahbakhsh, ve Chantelle Leidl. 2009. “Assessment of rainwater quality from rainwater harvesting systems in Ontario, Canada”. Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua 58(2):117–34. doi: 10.2166/AQUA.2009.013.
  • Domènech, Laia, ve David Saurí. 2011. “A comparative appraisal of the use of rainwater harvesting in single and multi-family buildings of the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona (Spain): social experience, drinking water savings and economic costs”. Journal of Cleaner Production 19(6–7):598–608. doi: 10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2010.11.010.
  • DSİ. 2006. “DSİ 2006 Yılı Faaliyet Raporu”. Tarihinde 07 Mart 2022 (https://cdniys.tarimorman.gov.tr/api/File/GetFile/425/KonuIcerik/759/1107/DosyaGaleri/dsı-2006-faalıyet-raporu.pdf).
  • DSİ. 2021. DSi 2021 Yılı Faaliyet Raporu. Everani, M., L. Shanan, N. Tadmor, ve Y. Aharoni. 1961. “Ancient Agriculture in The Negev”. Science 133(3457):979–96.
  • Falkenmark, Malin, Jan Lundqvist, ve Carl Widstrand. 1989. “Macro-scale water scarcity requires micro-scale approaches. Aspects of vulnerability in semi-arid development”. Natural resources forum 13(4):258–67. doi: 10.1111/J.1477-8947.1989.TB00348.X.
  • Fewtrell, L., D. Kay, ve D. Kay{. 2008. “Microbial quality of rainwater supplies in developed countries: a review”. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15730620701526097 4(4):253–60. doi: 10.1080/15730620701526097.
  • Fuentes-Galván, María L., Josefina Ortiz Medel, ve Luz A. Arias Hernández. 2018. “Roof rainwater harvesting in central Mexico: Uses, benefits, and factors of adoption”. Water (Switzerland) 10(2):116. doi: 10.3390/w10020116.
  • Furumai, H., J. Kim, M. İmbe, ve H. Okui. 2008. “Recent application of rainwater storage and harvesting in Japan. In Proceedings of the 3rd IWA International Rainwater Harvesting and Management Workshop as a part of IWA-Viena World Water Congress & Exhibition”. S. 7 içinde. Vienna, Austria.
  • Garceau, Michelle E. 2011. “‘I call the people.’ Church bells in fourteenth-century Catalunya”. Journal of Medieval History 37(2):197–214. doi: 10.1016/J.JMEDHIST.2011.02.002.
  • Gonen, Semih, Bora Pulatsu, Ece Erdogmus, Engin Karaesmen, ve Erhan Karaesmen. 2021. “Quasi-Static Nonlinear Seismic Assessment of a Fourth Century A.D. Roman Aqueduct in Istanbul, Turkey”. Heritage 2021, Vol. 4, Pages 401-421 4(1):401–21. doi: 10.3390/HERITAGE4010025.
  • Hwang, A. H. S., C. Valeo, ve D. Draper. 2013. “Public Perceptions and Attitudes Toward Stormwater Recycling for Irrigation”. http://dx.doi.org/10.4296/cwrj3103185 31(3):185–96. doi: 10.4296/CWRJ3103185.
  • Islam, Md Manzurul, F. N. F. Chou, M. R. Kabir, ve C. H. Liaw. 2010. “Rainwater: A Potential Alternative Source for Scarce Safe Drinking and Arsenic Contaminated Water in Bangladesh”. Water Resources Management 24(14):3987–4008. doi: 10.1007/S11269-010-9643-7.
  • Kasprzyk, Magda, Wojciech Szpakowski, Eliza Poznańska, Floris C. Boogaard, Katarzyna Bobkowska, ve Magdalena Gajewska. 2022. “Technical solutions and benefits of introducing rain gardens – Gdańsk case study”. Science of The Total Environment 835:155487. doi: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2022.155487.
  • Kayaer, Mesut, ve Salih Çiftçi. 2018. “‘Su Sorunu’ ve Türkiye’nin Tatlısu Potansiyeli Çerçevesinde Türkiye’nin Sınıraşan Sularının Stratejik, Etik ve Hukuki Boyutlarının Değerlendirilmesi”. Pesa International Journal of Social Studies 4:2528–9950. doi: 10.25272/j.2149-8385.2018.4.3.02.
  • Kerim, Ali, ve Veli Süme. 2018. “Türk Hidrolik Dergisi/Turkish Journal of Hydraulic İstanbul’un Eski Su Kaynakları; Sarnıçlar”. Tur. J. Hyd.
  • Kisakye, Violet, ve Bart Van der Bruggen. 2018. “Effects of climate change on water savings and water security from rainwater harvesting systems”. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 138:49–63. doi: 10.1016/J.RESCONREC.2018.07.009.
  • Kiyak, Abdulkadir. 2013. “Geleneksel Türk İnanışlarındaki Su Kültü Ve Elazığ’daki İzleri”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 2(4):22–39.
  • Külekçi, Elif Akpinar. 2017. “Geçmişten Günümüze Yeşil Çatı Sistemleri ve Yeşil Çatılarda Kalite Standartlarının Belirlenmesine Yönelik Bir Araştırma”. ATA Planlama ve Tasarım Dergisi 1(1):35–53.
  • Kumar, M. Dinesh. 2009. “Roof Water Harvesting for Domestic Water Security: Who Gains and Who Loses?” http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02508060408691747 29(1):43–53. doi: 10.1080/02508060408691747.
  • Lade, Omolara, ve David Oloke. 2015. “Modelling Rainwater System Harvesting in Ibadan, Nigeria: Application to a Residential Apartment”. American Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 3(3):86–100. doi: 10.12691/ajcea-3-3-5.
  • Lee, Khai Ern, Mazlin Mokhtar, Marlia Mohd Hanafiah, Azhar Abdul Halim, ve Jamaludin Badusah. 2016. “Rainwater harvesting as an alternative water resource in Malaysia: potential, policies and development”. Journal of Cleaner Production 126:218–22. doi: 10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2016.03.060.
  • Li, Zhe, Fergal Boyle, ve Anthony Reynolds. 2010. “Rainwater harvesting and greywater treatment systems for domestic application in Ireland”. Desalination 260(1–3):1–8. doi: 10.1016/J.DESAL.2010.05.035.
  • Llopart-Mascaró, A., R. Ruiz, M. Martínez, P. Malgrat, M. Rusiñol, A. Gil, J. Suárez, J. Puertas, H. Del Rio, ve M. Paraira. y.y. “Analysis of rainwater quality. Towards a sustainable rainwater management in urban environments-Sostaqua Project Analysis of rainwater quality: Towards sustainable rainwater management in urban environments-Sostaqua Project”.
  • Lye, Dennis J. 2002. “Health risks associated with consumption of untreated water from household roof catchment systems”. Journal of the American Water Resources Association 38(5):1301–6. doi: 10.1111/J.1752-1688.2002.TB04349.X.
  • Mankad, Aditi, Andrea Walton, ve Kim Alexander. 2015. “Key dimensions of public acceptance for managed aquifer recharge of urban stormwater”. Journal of Cleaner Production 89:214–23. doi: 10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2014.11.028.
  • Mati, Bancy, Tanguy De Bock, Maimbo Malesu, Elizabeth Khaka, Alex Oduor, Meshack Nyabenge, ve Vincent Oduor. 2006. Mapping the Potential of Rainwater Harvesting Technologies in Africa A GIS overview on development domains for the continent and ten selected countries. C. Technical. Nairobi, Kenya: The SearNet Secretariat, Global Water Partnership Associated Programme of RELMAin-ICRAF.
  • Mays, Larry, George P. Antoniou, ve Andreas N. Angelakis. 2013. “History of Water Cisterns: Legacies and Lessons”. Water 2013, Vol. 5, Pages 1916-1940 5(4):1916–40. doi: 10.3390/W5041916.
  • Melidis, Paraschos, Christos S. Akratos, Vassilios A. Tsihrintzis, ve Eleni Trikilidou. 2006. “Characterization of Rain and Roof Drainage Water Quality in Xanthi, Greece”. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 2006 127:1 127(1):15–27. doi: 10.1007/S10661-006-9254-1.
  • Mengü, Gülay PAMUK, ve Erhan Akkuzu. 2008. “KÜRESEL SU KRİZİ VE SU HASADI TEKNİKLERİ”. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 5(2):75–85.
  • De Moraes, Andrea Ferreira Jacques, ve Cecilia Rocha. 2013. “Gendered waters: the participation of women in the ‘One Million Cisterns’ rainwater harvesting program in the Brazilian Semi-Arid region”. Journal of Cleaner Production 60:163–69. doi: 10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2013.03.015.
  • Moya-Fernández, Pablo J., Samara López-Ruiz, Jorge Guardiola, ve Francisco González-Gómez. 2021. “Determinants of the acceptance of domestic use of recycled water by use type”. Sustainable Production and Consumption 27:575–86. doi: 10.1016/J.SPC.2021.01.026.
  • Müftüğlu, Volkan, ve Halim Perçin. 2015. “SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR KENTSEL YAĞMUR SUYU YÖNETİMİ KAPSAMINDA YAĞMUR BAHÇESİ”. İnönü Üniversitesi Sanat ve Tasarım Dergisi 5(11):27–37. doi: 10.16950/std.34364.
  • Ortloff, Charles R. 2020. “Roman Hydraulic Engineering: The Pont du Gard Aqueduct and Nemausus (Nîmes) Castellum”. Water 2021, Vol. 13, Page 54 13(1):54. doi: 10.3390/W13010054.
  • Oviedo-Ocaña, Edgar Ricardo, Isabel Dominguez, Sarah Ward, Miryam Lizeth Rivera-Sanchez, ve Julian Mauricio Zaraza-Peña. 2018. “Financial feasibility of end-user designed rainwater harvesting and greywater reuse systems for high water use households”. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 25(20):19200–216. doi: 10.1007/S11356-017-8710-5/TABLES/12.
  • Öziş, Ü. 1987. Su Mühendisliği Tarihi Açısından Anadoludaki Eski Su Yapıları. İzmir: Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Mühendislik.
  • Peck, Steven W., ve Monica Kuhn. 2003. Design guidelines for green roofs | WorldCat.org. Toronto, Ottawa: Ontario Association of Architects.
  • Prinz, Dieter, ve Amir H. Malik. 2002. “Runoff farming”. S. 39 içinde WCA InfoNET. Rome, İtaly. Quek, Udo, ve Jürgen Förster. 1993. “Trace metals in roof runoff”. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 1993 68:3 68(3):373–89. doi: 10.1007/BF00478464.
  • Reddy, Y. A. 2006. Water Harvesting : Limitations in Implementation. Nagpur.
  • Reitano, Raffaella. 2011. “Water Harvesting and Water Collection Systems in Mediterranean Area. The case of Malta”. Procedia Engineering 21:81–88. doi: 10.1016/J.PROENG.2011.11.1990.
  • Ringler, Claudia, Mark W. Rosegrant, ve Michael S. Paisner. 2000. “IRRIGATION AND WATER RESOURCES IN LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES”. doi: 10.22004/AG.ECON.16085.
  • Roebuck, R. M., C. Oltean-Dumbrava, ve S. Tait. 2011. “Whole life cost performance of domestic rainwater harvesting systems in the United Kingdom”. Water and Environment Journal 25(3):355–65. doi: 10.1111/J.1747-6593.2010.00230.X.
  • Rosenberg, D. 1998. Dünya Mitolojisi. Ankara: İmge Kitabevi Yayınları.
  • Sazakli, E., A. Alexopoulos, ve M. Leotsinidis. 2007. “Rainwater harvesting, quality assessment and utilization in Kefalonia Island, Greece”. Water Research 41(9):2039–47. doi: 10.1016/J.WATRES.2007.01.037.
  • Schuetze, T. 2013. “Rainwater harvesting and management – policy and regulations in Germany”. Water Supply 13(2):376–85. doi: 10.2166/WS.2013.035.
  • Silva, Cristina Matos, Vitor Sousa, ve Nuno Vaz Carvalho. 2015. “Evaluation of rainwater harvesting in Portugal: Application to single-family residences”. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 94:21–34. doi: 10.1016/J.RESCONREC.2014.11.004.
  • Silveira, A. L. L. 2002. Apostila: Drenagem Urbana: aspectos de gestão. 1. Ed. Curso preparado por: Instituto de Pesquisas Hidráulicas. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul e Fundo Setorial de Recursos Hídricos.
  • Tanık, A. 2017. “Yağmur Suyu Toplama, Biriktirme ve Geri Kullanım”. içinde Su Kaynakları ve Kentler Konferansı. Kahramanmaraş.
  • Ulutürk, Muammer. 2009. “Dinlerde Su Tasavvuları”. içinde Su Medeniyeti Sempozyumu Bildirileri. Konya.
  • UNESCO. 2021. The United Nations World Water Development Report 2021: Valuing water. Paris.
  • URL1. “Ganj Nehri - Vikipedi”. Tarihinde 19 Mayıs 2022 (https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganj_Nehri).
  • URL2. “Su ve Döngüsü hakkında herşey - Türkiye Yaban Hayatı”. Tarihinde 19 Mayıs 2022 (https://turkiyeyabanhayati.org/blog/detail/su-ve-dongusu-hakkinda-hersey).
  • URL3. “Yerebatan Sarnıcı”. Tarihinde 19 Mayıs 2022 (https://www.yerebatan.com/).
  • URL4. “Kanunî nin 4 Asırlık Mirası Terk Edilen Su Sarnıçları”. Tarihinde 19 Mayıs 2022 (https://v3.arkitera.com/h58115--kanunînin-4-asirlik-mirasi-terk-edilen-su-sarniclari.html).
  • URL5. “Yağmur Suyu Hasat Sistemi Garantileri ve Bakımı | Invento Enerji A.Ş.” Tarihinde 24 Kasım 2022 (https://inventoenerji.com/yagmur-suyu-hasat-sistemi-garantileri-ve-bakimi/).
  • URL6. “Yağmur Bahçeleri Nedir? Yağmur Bahçesi Ne İşe Yarar?” Tarihinde 24 Kasım 2022 (https://soyleki.com/yagmur-bahceleri-nedir-yagmur-bahcesi-ne-ise-yarar/).
  • URL7. “How to Build a Rain Garden - This Old House”. Tarihinde 24 Kasım 2022 (https://www.thisoldhouse.com/gardening/21016338/how-to-build-a-rain-garden-to-filter-run-off).
  • URL8. “Suyu Emen Asfalt ve Beton - ÇEYREK MÜHENDİS”. Tarihinde 25 Kasım 2022 (https://www.ceyrekmuhendis.com/suyu-emen-asfalt-ve-beton/).
  • URL9. “Geçirimli Beton Nedir”. Tarihinde 25 Kasım 2022 (https://www.thbb.org/media/281170/gecirimli_beton_uygulama_kılavuzu_147.pdf).
  • URL10. “Turkcell AR-GE Binası”. Tarihinde 25 Kasım 2022 (http://www.arkiv.com.tr/proje/turkcell-ar-ge-binasi/1497).
  • URL11. “Piano’nun yeni projesi ‘Volkan’ |”. Tarihinde 25 Kasım 2022 (http://mimdap.org/2010/01/pianonun-yeni-projesi-volkan/).
  • URL12. “FAO”. Tarihinde 25 Kasım 2022 (https://www.fao.org/3/u3160e/u3160e00.htm#Contents).
  • URL13. “Tarım ve orman alanlarında kar/yağmur suyu hasadı | Independent Türkçe”. Tarihinde 25 Kasım 2022 (https://www.indyturk.com/node/464071/türki̇yeden-sesler/tarım-ve-orman-alanlarında-karyağmur-suyu-hasadı).
  • URL14. “Potsdamer Plaza - Ramboll Grup”. Tarihinde 20 Mayıs 2022 (https://ramboll.com/projects/germany/potsdamer-plaza).
  • URL15. “Rainwater harvesting for supplementary irrigation in Africa. | Download Scientific Diagram”. Tarihinde 20 Mayıs 2022 (https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Rainwater-harvesting-for-supplementary-irrigation-in-Africa_fig7_237072055).
  • URL16. “Shiva Ganga Temple Pond - Tiruvannamalai”. Tarihinde 19 Mayıs 2022 (http://wikimapia.org/9867325/Shiva-Ganga-Temple-Pond).
  • URL17. “Shenzhen Shenwan Street Park / AUBE CONCEPTION | ArchDaily”. Tarihinde 19 Mayıs 2022 (https://www.archdaily.com/939209/shenzhen-shenwan-street-park-aube-conception).
  • URL18. “Rainwater Harvesting Greenbelt in Qian’an | Biennal”. Tarihinde 20 Mayıs 2022 (https://landscape.coac.net/rainwater-harvesting-greenbelt-qianan).
  • URL19. “Tips for Using Rainwater in Architectural Projects | ArchDaily”. Tarihinde 19 Mayıs 2022 (https://www.archdaily.com/940535/tips-for-using-rainwater-in-architectural-projects).
  • URL20. “Peru’daki Antik Spiral Şekillerin Sırrı Uydu Fotoğraflarıyla Çözüldü - Arkeofili”. Tarihinde 19 Mayıs 2022 (https://arkeofili.com/perudaki-antik-spiral-sekillerin-sirri-uydu-fotograflariyla-cozuldu/).
  • URL21. “Haberler | Aşık Veysel Rekreasyon Alanı’nda ‘Yağmur Suyu Hasadı’ başladı”. Tarihinde 24 Kasım 2022 (https://www.izmir.bel.tr/tr/Haberler/asik-veysel-rekreasyon-alani-nda-yagmur-suyu-hasadi-basladi/45933/156).
  • URL22. “KURAKLIĞA KARŞI ‘YAĞMUR SUYU’ HASADI BAŞLADI - Ordu Büyükşehir Belediyesi”. Tarihinde 24 Kasım 2022 (http://ordu.bel.tr/Haber/44244/kurakliga-karsi-’yagmur-suyu’-hasadi-basladi).
  • Vitrivius. 2021. De Architectura Libri Decem : Mimarlık Üzerine On Kitap. 6. Baskı. İstanbul: Alfa Basım Yayım Dağıtım.
  • Ward, S., F. A. Memon, ve D. Butler. 2010. “Harvested rainwater quality: The importance of appropriate design”. Water Science and Technology 61(7):1707–14. doi: 10.2166/WST.2010.102.
  • Ward, S., F. A. Memon, ve D. Butler. 2012. “Performance of a large building rainwater harvesting system”. Water Research 46(16):5127–34. doi: 10.1016/J.WATRES.2012.06.043.
  • Yannopoulos, Stavros, Ioanna Giannopoulou, ve Mina Kaiafa-Saropoulou. 2019. “Investigation of the Current Situation and Prospects for the Development of Rainwater Harvesting as a Tool to Confront Water Scarcity Worldwide”. Water 2019, Vol. 11, Page 2168 11(10):2168. doi: 10.3390/W11102168.
  • Yufen, Ren, Wang Xiaoke, Ouyang Zhiyun, Zheng Hua, Duan Xiaonan, ve Miao Hong. 2008. “Stormwater Runoff Quality from Different Surfaces in an Urban Catchment in Beijing, China”. Water Environment Research 80(8):719–24. doi: 10.2175/106143008X276660.
  • Zabidi, Husnna Aishah, Hui Weng Goh, Chun Kiat Chang, Ngai Weng Chan, ve Nor Azazi Zakaria. 2020. “A Review of Roof and Pond Rainwater Harvesting Systems for Water Security: The Design, Performance and Way Forward”. Water 2020, Vol. 12, Page 3163 12(11):3163. doi: 10.3390/W12113163.
  • Zhang, Yan, Donghui Chen, Liang Chen, ve Stephanie Ashbolt. 2009. “Potential for rainwater use in high-rise buildings in Australian cities”. Journal of Environmental Management 91(1):222–26. doi: 10.1016/J.JENVMAN.2009.08.008.
  • Zobrist, J., S. R. Müller, A. Ammann, T. D. Bucheli, V. Mottier, M. Ochs, R. Schoenenberger, J. Eugster, ve M. Boller. 2000. “Quality of roof runoff for groundwater infiltration”. Water Research 34(5):1455–62. doi: 10.1016/S0043-1354(99)00290-0.
There are 94 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Architecture
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Pınar Selimoğlu 0000-0002-2086-1815

Ruşen Yamaçlı 0000-0001-9659-9246

Publication Date December 31, 2022
Submission Date May 26, 2022
Acceptance Date November 28, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 5 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Selimoğlu, P., & Yamaçlı, R. (2022). Sürdürülebilir Yağmur Suyu Hasadı Üzerine Yapısal Bir İnceleme. Sürdürülebilir Mühendislik Uygulamaları Ve Teknolojik Gelişmeler Dergisi, 5(2), 210-231. https://doi.org/10.51764/smutgd.1121620

Creative Commons Lisansı
Bu eser Creative Commons Atıf 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.