Research Article

Estimation of enteric and manure-derived methane emissions in sheep and goats in Ankara Province

Volume: 14 Number: 2 December 10, 2025
  • Mesut Yıldırır *
  • Ahsen Ertem
  • Mehmet Fikret Yıldırım
  • Emre Karmaz
  • Veysi Dinçel
  • Engin Ünay
  • Muhammet İkbal Coşkun
  • Selen Beder
  • Ramazan Sevgi
EN

Estimation of enteric and manure-derived methane emissions in sheep and goats in Ankara Province

Abstract

Since livestock account for most of Türkiye’s agricultural greenhouse gas emissions, strategies for estimating livestock emissions must be developed. Methane emissions per animal category were estimated in this study using the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Tier 2 method for enteric and manure methane (CH4) emissions in two sheep breeds (Akkaraman and Anatolian Merino) and three goat breeds (Hairy, Angora, Saanen) raised in Ankara province, Türkiye. Average enteric CH4 emission factor (EF) was 9.61 kg CH4 head-1 yr-1, with the highest value of 10.86 kg CH4 head-1 yr-1 in Hairy goats, and lowest 8.55 kg CH4 head-1 yr-1 in Anatolian Merino. Estimated gross energy (GE) was highest in Hairy goats (30.10 MJ head-1 day-1), and lowest in Anatolian Merino (21.73 MJ head-1 day-1). Average dry matter intake (DMI) was 1.40 kg DM head-1 day-1. The total average volatile solids (VS) excretion was estimated at 0.95 kg DM head-1 yr-1, and the average methane emission factor (EF) for animal manure was 0.46 kg CH4 head-1 yr-1. Total mean VS estimate was twice as much as the IPCC default values, and the CH4 EF for animal manure was higher than the IPCC default values. The current study's estimates will be helpful in the creation of the national methane inventory. In case more detailed data are collected to improve population data, subcategories may be expanded, and subgroups may vary by region.

Keywords

References

  1. Aguilera, J. F., & Molina-Alcaide, E. (2021). Enteric methane production in adult sheep of the Segureña breed fed diets containing alkali-treated olive cake. Small Ruminant Research, 194, 106295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2020.106295
  2. Aktaş, Z., Kaygısız, A., & Sinan, B. A. Ş. (2012). Kahramanmaraş yetiştirici şartlarında Türk Saanen keçilerinin süt verim özellikleri, bazı meme ölçüleri ve SHS arasındaki ilişkiler. KSÜ Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 15(4), 7-17.
  3. Aktaş, A. H., Dursun, Ş., Halıcı, İ., Demirci, U., Akil, K., & Büyükbaş, L. (2016). Orta Anadolu merinosu koyunların yetiştirici şartlarındaki ergin canlı ağırlıkları ve bazı döl verimi özellikleri. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 13(3).
  4. Altın, T. (2001). Koyunlarda süt veriminin laktasyon boyunca değişimi ve farklı yöntemlere göre tahmin edilmesi. Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 11(2), 1-7.
  5. Arslan, O., & Bağdatlı. M.C. (2021). Ankara ili içme suy kalite parametrelerinin coğrafi bilgi sistemleri (CBS) ortamında farklı enterpolasyon yöntemleri kullanılarak modellenmesi. Master’s thesis, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Universitesi.
  6. Aşkan, R., & Aygün, T., (2020). Determination of milk yield traits and some components of milk in Akkaraman crossbred ewes maintained at rural conditions, J. Anim. Prod.,61 (1), 23-31, https://doi.org/10.29185/hayuretim.683693
  7. Bell, M. J., Eckard, R. J., & Cullen, B. R. (2012). The effect of future climate scenarios on the balance between productivity and greenhouse gas emissions from sheep grazing systems. Livestock Science, 147(1-3), 126-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2012.04.012
  8. Bhatt, R. S., Sahoo, A., Sarkar, S., Saxena, V. K., Soni, L., Sharma, P., & Gadekar, Y. (2021). Dietary inclusion of nonconventional roughages for lowering enteric methane production and augmenting nutraceutical value of meat in cull sheep. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 273, 114832. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2021.114832

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Agricultural Engineering (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Mehmet Fikret Yıldırım This is me
0009-0000-4650-3728
Türkiye

Emre Karmaz This is me
Türkiye

Veysi Dinçel This is me
0009-0001-0742-8785
Türkiye

Engin Ünay This is me
Türkiye

Muhammet İkbal Coşkun This is me
Türkiye

Selen Beder This is me
Türkiye

Ramazan Sevgi This is me
Türkiye

Publication Date

December 10, 2025

Submission Date

May 30, 2025

Acceptance Date

December 2, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 14 Number: 2

APA
Yıldırır, M., Ertem, A., Yıldırım, M. F., Karmaz, E., Dinçel V., Ünay E., Coşkun M. I., Beder, S., & Sevgi, R. (2025). Estimation of enteric and manure-derived methane emissions in sheep and goats in Ankara Province. Soil Studies, 14(2), 114-120. https://doi.org/10.21657/soilst.1839489
AMA
1.Yıldırır M, Ertem A, Yıldırım MF, et al. Estimation of enteric and manure-derived methane emissions in sheep and goats in Ankara Province. SoilSt. 2025;14(2):114-120. doi:10.21657/soilst.1839489
Chicago
Yıldırır, Mesut, Ahsen Ertem, Mehmet Fikret Yıldırım, et al. 2025. “Estimation of Enteric and Manure-Derived Methane Emissions in Sheep and Goats in Ankara Province”. Soil Studies 14 (2): 114-20. https://doi.org/10.21657/soilst.1839489.
EndNote
Yıldırır M, Ertem A, Yıldırım MF, Karmaz E, Dinçel V, Ünay E, Coşkun MI, Beder S, Sevgi R (December 1, 2025) Estimation of enteric and manure-derived methane emissions in sheep and goats in Ankara Province. Soil Studies 14 2 114–120.
IEEE
[1]M. Yıldırır et al., “Estimation of enteric and manure-derived methane emissions in sheep and goats in Ankara Province”, SoilSt, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 114–120, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.21657/soilst.1839489.
ISNAD
Yıldırır, Mesut - Ertem, Ahsen - Yıldırım, Mehmet Fikret - Karmaz, Emre - Dinçel Veysi - Ünay Engin - Coşkun Muhammet İkbal - Beder, Selen - Sevgi, Ramazan. “Estimation of Enteric and Manure-Derived Methane Emissions in Sheep and Goats in Ankara Province”. Soil Studies 14/2 (December 1, 2025): 114-120. https://doi.org/10.21657/soilst.1839489.
JAMA
1.Yıldırır M, Ertem A, Yıldırım MF, Karmaz E, Dinçel V, Ünay E, Coşkun MI, Beder S, Sevgi R. Estimation of enteric and manure-derived methane emissions in sheep and goats in Ankara Province. SoilSt. 2025;14:114–120.
MLA
Yıldırır, Mesut, et al. “Estimation of Enteric and Manure-Derived Methane Emissions in Sheep and Goats in Ankara Province”. Soil Studies, vol. 14, no. 2, Dec. 2025, pp. 114-20, doi:10.21657/soilst.1839489.
Vancouver
1.Mesut Yıldırır, Ahsen Ertem, Mehmet Fikret Yıldırım, Emre Karmaz, Veysi Dinçel, Engin Ünay, Muhammet İkbal Coşkun, Selen Beder, Ramazan Sevgi. Estimation of enteric and manure-derived methane emissions in sheep and goats in Ankara Province. SoilSt. 2025 Dec. 1;14(2):114-20. doi:10.21657/soilst.1839489