FEMALE EMPLOYMENT AND CARE ECONOMY IN TURKEY

Meltem İnce Yenilmez

doi:10.18490/sosars.559091

FEMALE EMPLOYMENT AND CARE ECONOMY IN TURKEY

Öz

This paper examines gender employment impact of expanding the early childhood care and preschool education (ECCPE) sector in Turkey. Underinvestment in social care thus takes its toll on the country’s long-term economic potential through weakened labour force attachment, and diminished childhood development. This neglect of care economy projects reflects a gender bias in economic thinking as women are more represented in caring work. Investing in the care industries would generate increases in employment and add to growth, with a higher proportion going to women, as they would now be free to take up many of such jobs. It would also narrow the gender employment and earnings gaps. In addition, the government at various levels could start by eliminating gender bias in the laws; take necessary measures to establish, operate, and allocate funds for childcare facilities; come up with initiatives like reinstating and reviewing the laws mandating private sector employers to set up nurseries for both male and female staff and provide childcare services in the workplace.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Care Economy,Women Empowerment,Female Employment,Gender Equality

Kaynakça

Acar, F., Akder, H., Akın, A., Arın, C., Cindoğdu, D., Ecevit, Y., Güneş Ayata, A., Karancı, N., Sural, N. and Sancar Usar, S. (2003). Bridging the Gap in Turkey: A Milestone towards Faster Socioeconomic Development and Poverty Reduction, Report by World Bank, 13 Eylül 2003, No. 39334, pp.1-231.
AK Europa (2013). Social Investment, Growth, Employment and Financial Sustainability: Economic and Fiscal Effects of Improving Childcare in Austria, AK Position Paper, Brussels and Vienna: AK Europa, 2013.
Antonopoulos, R. (2008). Impact of Employment Guarantee Programmes on Gender Equality and Pro-poor Economic Development, Policy Brief: Case Study on South Africa. Annandale-on-Hudson, N.Y.: Levy Economics Institute of Bard College.
Apps, P. and Rees, R. (2004). Fertility, Taxation and Family Policy, The Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 106, No. 4, pp.745–63.
Apps, P. and Rees, R. (2005). Time Use and the Costs of Children over the Life Cycle, In D. Hamermesh ve G. Pfann, (Eds.), The Economics of Time Use, London: Elsevier, 2005.
Blau, D. and Tekin, E. (2007). The Determinants and Consequences of Child Care Subsidies for Single Mothers in the USA, Journal of Population Economics, 20(4), pp.719–41.
Budig, M. and England, P. (2001). The Wage Penalty for Motherhood, American Sociological Review, 66(2), pp. 204–25.
Conti, G. and Heckman, J. (2012). The Economics of Child Well-Being, IZA Discussion Paper No.6930, Bonn: Institute for the Study of Labour.

Del Boca, D. and Pasqua, S. (2005). Labour Supply and Fertility in Europe and the U.S., In T.Boeri, D. Del Boca, and C. Pissarides (Eds.), Women at Work: An Economic Perspective, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Ecevit, Y. (2003). Women’s Labor and Social Security, In World Bank Report, Bridging the Gender Gap in Turkey: A Milestone towards Faster Socio-economic Development and Poverty Reduction, Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Unit Europe and Central Asia Region, pp.73-101.
Hansen, S. and Andersen, L. (2014). A Gendered Investment Plan, Economic Policy Brief No 2. Brussels: Foundation for European Progressive Studies and Economic Council of the Labour Movement, pp.1-12.
Heckman, J., Moon, S. H., Pinto, R., Savelyev, P. and Yavitz, A. (2010). Analyzing Social Experiments as Implemented: A Reexamination of the Evidence from the High Scope Perry Preschool Program, Quantitative Economics, 1(1), pp. 1–46.
Ilkkaracan, I. (2012). Why So Few Women in the Labor Market in Turkey: A Multidimensional Analysis, Feminist Economics, 1(18), pp. 1-36 Ilkkaracan, I. (2013). Work-Family Balance and Public Policy: A Cross-country Perspective, Development, 3(55), pp. 325-32. Kaptanoğlu Y., İlknur, Ç., A. and Ergöçmen Akadlı, B. (2014). Women’s Status, Demographic and Health Survey, Ankara: Hacettepe University, Institute of Population Studies. Kimmel, J. (1995). The Effectiveness of Child Care Subsidies in Encouraging the Welfare-to-Work Transition of Low-Income Single Mothers, The American Economic Review, 85(2), pp. 271-5. Lefebvre, P. and Merrigan, P. (2008). Child Care Policy and the Labor Supply of Mothers with Young Children: A Natural experiment from Canada, Journal of Labour Economics, 26(3), pp. 519–48.
OECD, “Employment Outlook 2015, July”, Employment Report, DOI: 10.1787/19991266. http://www.oecdilibrary.org/employment/oecd-employment-outlook-2015_empl_outlook-2015-en;jsessionid=32bq116g3n3m3.x-oecd-live-03, (Erişim Tarihi: 8 Mayıs 2018)
OECD, “Employment Outlook 2017, July”, Employment Report, doi.org/10.1787/19991266. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/employment/oecd-employment-outlook-2017_empl_outlook-2017-en (Erişim Tarihi: 10 Mayıs 2018)
Powell, L. (1997). The Impact of Child Care Costs on the Labor Supply of Married Mothers: Evidence from Canada, The Canadian Journal of Economics, 30(3), pp. 577–94.
Temple, J. and Reynolds, A. (2007). Benefits and Costs of Investment in Preschool Education: Evidence from the Child-Parent Centers and Related Programs, Economics of Education Review, 26(1), pp. 126–44.
Turkish Statistical Institute (2015), Women in Statistics, http://www.turkstat.gov.tr
Turkish Statistical Institute (2017), Women in Statistics, http://www.turkstat.gov.tr
Yazıcı, B. (2012). The Return to the Family: Welfare, State, and Politics of the Family in Turkey, Anthropological Quarterly, 85(1), pp. 103-140
Warner, M. and Liu, Z. (2006). The Importance of Childcare in Economic Development: A Comparative Analysis of Regional Economic Linkage, Economic Development Quarterly, 20(1), pp. 97–103.
Winkler, A. (2016). Women’s Labor Force Participation, IZA World of Labor 2016: 289, doi: 10.15185/izawol.289, https://wol.iza.org/uploads/articles/289/pdfs/womens-labor-force-participation.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 11 Mayıs 2018)

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

Türkçe

Konular

-

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yazarlar

Meltem İnce Yenilmez
0000-0002-4689-3196

Yayımlanma Tarihi

29 Nisan 2019

Gönderilme Tarihi

1 Haziran 2018

Kabul Tarihi

30 Kasım 2018

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2019 Cilt: 22 Sayı: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.18490/sosars.559091

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA57NS52YT

Kaynak Göster

RIS / Bibtex

APA

İnce Yenilmez, M. (2019). FEMALE EMPLOYMENT AND CARE ECONOMY IN TURKEY. Sosyoloji Araştırmaları Dergisi, 22(1), 69-95. https://doi.org/10.18490/sosars.559091

AMA

1.İnce Yenilmez M. FEMALE EMPLOYMENT AND CARE ECONOMY IN TURKEY. SAD / JSR. 2019;22(1):69-95. doi:10.18490/sosars.559091

Chicago

İnce Yenilmez, Meltem. 2019. “FEMALE EMPLOYMENT AND CARE ECONOMY IN TURKEY”. Sosyoloji Araştırmaları Dergisi 22 (1): 69-95. https://doi.org/10.18490/sosars.559091.

EndNote

İnce Yenilmez M (01 Nisan 2019) FEMALE EMPLOYMENT AND CARE ECONOMY IN TURKEY. Sosyoloji Araştırmaları Dergisi 22 1 69–95.

IEEE

[1]M. İnce Yenilmez, “FEMALE EMPLOYMENT AND CARE ECONOMY IN TURKEY”, SAD / JSR, c. 22, sy 1, ss. 69–95, Nis. 2019, doi: 10.18490/sosars.559091.

ISNAD

İnce Yenilmez, Meltem. “FEMALE EMPLOYMENT AND CARE ECONOMY IN TURKEY”. Sosyoloji Araştırmaları Dergisi 22/1 (01 Nisan 2019): 69-95. https://doi.org/10.18490/sosars.559091.

JAMA

1.İnce Yenilmez M. FEMALE EMPLOYMENT AND CARE ECONOMY IN TURKEY. SAD / JSR. 2019;22:69–95.

MLA

İnce Yenilmez, Meltem. “FEMALE EMPLOYMENT AND CARE ECONOMY IN TURKEY”. Sosyoloji Araştırmaları Dergisi, c. 22, sy 1, Nisan 2019, ss. 69-95, doi:10.18490/sosars.559091.

Vancouver

1.Meltem İnce Yenilmez. FEMALE EMPLOYMENT AND CARE ECONOMY IN TURKEY. SAD / JSR. 01 Nisan 2019;22(1):69-95. doi:10.18490/sosars.559091

Cited By

Gender differences in cost-related unmet healthcare needs: a national study in Turkiye

BMC Public Health

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-19878-9