Research Article
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MAHKÛMLARIN YAZMA MOTİVASYONLARINI ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLER: AĞRI KAPALI CEZA İNFAZ KURUMU ÖRNEĞİ

Year 2023, , 154 - 171, 24.05.2023
https://doi.org/10.17753/sosekev.1215672

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Ağrı Kapalı Ceza İnfaz Kurumunda bulunan hükümlü ve tutukluların yazma motivasyonlarını etkileyen faktörler incelenmiştir. Araştırma, sınırlandırılmış alanlar olarak ceza infaz kurumundaki mahkûmlar için önemli bir iletişim aracı olan yazma motivasyonu üzerindeki etkili faktörleri tespit etmeyi ve mahkûmların motivasyon profillerini karakterize etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Mahkûmların yazma motivasyonu karakterize edilirken Wigfield ve Guthrie (1997) tarafından geliştirilen “Okuma Motivasyonu Ölçeğinin” Durmuş (2014) Türkçe uyarlanmış hâlinden faydalanılmıştır. Bir açımlayıcı faktör analizi çalışması olan araştırmada yazma motivasyonu üzerinde etkili olan değer, haz ve benlik algısı arasındaki puanlar benzer olmasına rağmen, yazmanın değer boyutu diğer iki motivasyon profiline göre pozitif yönde farklılaştığı tespit edilmiştir. Mahkûmlara, özerk ortamlarda yazma fırsatı verildiğinde metinsellik açısından daha yetkin eserler ortaya çıkarmaları sağlanabilir.

Thanks

Sayın Prof. Dr. Abdulhak Halim Ulaş Hoca'ma, T.C. Adalet Bakanlığına Teşekkürü bir borç bilirim.

References

  • Ainley, M. H. (2002). Interest, learning, and the psychological processes that mediate their relationship. Journal of educational psychology 94(3), 545. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.94.3.545
  • Ames, C. (1984). Achievement attributions and self-instructions under competitive and individualistic goal structures. Journal of educational psychology 76(3), 478. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.76.3.478
  • Applebee, A. N. (2006). The state of writing instruction in America's school: What existing data tell us. Center on English Learning and Achievement.
  • Baker, L. S. (1997). Home and family influences on motivations for reading. Educational psychologist 32(2), 69-82. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15326985ep3202_2
  • Bandura, A. (1986). The explanatory and predictive scope of self-efficacy theory. Journal of social and clinical psychology 4(3), 359-373. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.1986.4.3.359
  • Brown, S. K. (1994). Concentrations of volatile organic compounds in indoor air-a review. Indoor Air 4(2), 123-134. https://doi.org/10.1177/1420326X9500400103
  • Bruning, R. (2000). Developing motivation to write. Education psychologist 35(1), 25-37. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15326985EP3501_4
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2002). Faktör analizi: Temel kavramlar ve ölçek geliştirmede kullanımı. Kuram ve uygulamada eğitim yönetimi 32(32), 470-483.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2016). Sınavlar üzerine düşünceler. Kalem Eğitim ve İnsan Bİlimleri Dergisi 6(2), 345-356.
  • Covington, M. V. (1992). Making the grade: A self-worth perspective on motivation and school reform. Cambridge University.
  • Cüce, H. K. (2022). Multivariate statistical methods and GIS based evaluation of the health risk potential and water quality due to arsenic pollution in the Kızılırmak River. International Journal of Sediment Research, 37(6), 754-765.
  • Daly, J. A. (1975). Further studies on writing apprehension: SAT scores, success expectations, willingness to take advanced courses and sex differences. Research in the Teaching of English 9(3), 250-256. https://doi.org/10.1177/0741088390007003004
  • Daly, J. A. (1975). The empirical development of an instrument to measure writing apprehension. Research in the Teaching of English 9(3), 242-249.
  • Daly, M. (1983). Sex, evolution, and behavior. Willard Grant. https://doi.org/10.1037/10242-019
  • Durmuş, G. (2014). "Okuma Motivasyonu Ölçeği"nin Türkçeye Uyarlanması. Uluslararası Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, (1), 16-40.
  • Eccles, J. S. (1998). Motivation to succeed. In W. Daman (Series Ed.) & N. Eisenberg (Vol. Ed.) Handbook of Child Psychology: Vo. 3 Social, Emotional, and Personality Development (5th ed., pp. 1017-1095).
  • Eccles, J. S. (2005). Solid Modeling and Fault Tolerant Meshing-Two Complementary Strategies. 17th AIAA Computational Fluid Dynamics Conference, (s. 5237).
  • Eisenberg, N. F. (1989). Relation of sympathy and personal distress to prosocial behavior, a multimethod study. Journal of personality and social psychology 57(1), 55. https://doi.org/ 10.1037//0022-3514.57.1.55
  • Gambrell, L. B. (1996). Creating motivation context for literacy learning. Developing engaged readers in school and home communities, 115-136.
  • Garcia, J. N. (2004). Effects of a motivational intervention for improving the writing of children with learning disabilities . Learning Disability Quarterly 27(3), 115-136.
  • Guthrie, J. (2001). The management, measurement and the reporting of intellectual capital. Journal of Intellectual capital.
  • Harter, S. W. (1992). Individual differences in the effects of educational transistions on young adolescent's perceptions of competence and motivational orientation. American educational research journal 29(4), 777-807.
  • Konukman, F. Y. (2007). An Examination of the Relationship Between Aerobic Fitness Level and Bodymass Index in 8 to 12 Year Old Children . Spor Bilimleri Dergisi Hacettepe J. of Sport Sciences 2007, 18(3)., 137-146.
  • Miller, D. A. (1989). Field-effect transistor self-electrooptic effect device: integrated photodiode, quantum well modulator and transistor. IEEE Photonics Technology Letter 1(3), 62-64.
  • Monterio, V. (2001). Motivaçao para a leitura em crianças do 1, 2, 3 e 4 anos de escolaridade. Infancia e Educaçao: Investigaçao e praticas 3, 49-68. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102.3772e3535
  • Pajares, F. (1994). Confidence and competence in writing: The role of self-efficacy outcome expectancy and apprehension. Research in the Teaching of English, 313-331.
  • Pajares, F. (1994). Role of self-efficacy and self-concept beliefs in mathematical problem solving: A path analysis. Journal of educational psychology 86(2), 193. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.86.2.193
  • Pajares, F. (1999). Grade level and gender differences in the writing self-beliefs of middle school students. Contemporary educational psychology 24(4), 390-405. https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.1998.0995
  • Pajares, F. (2000). Relation between achievement goals and self-beliefs of middle school students in writing and science. Contemporary educational psychology 25(4), 406-422. https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.1999.1027
  • Pajares, F. M. (1999). Gender differences in writing self-beliefs of elementary school students. Journal of educational Psychology 9(1), 50. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.91.1.50
  • Pajares, V. S. (2017). Estudi sociologic sobre els regugiats nord-coreans a Corea del Sud: el trajecte i la integracio.
  • Pintrich, P. R. (1990). Motivational and self-regulated learning components of classroom academic performans. Journal of educational psychology 82(2), 33. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.82.1.33
  • Ryan, A. M. (1997). "Should I ask for help?" The role of motivation and attitudes in adolescents' help seeking in math class. Journal of educational psychology 82(2), 329. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.90.4.644
  • Schiefele, U. (1999). Interest and learning from text. Scientific studies of reading 3(3), 257-279. https://doi.org/10.1207/s1532799xssr0303_4
  • Sperling, R. A. (2011). Reading attitudes and literacy skills in prekindergarten and kindergarten children. Early Childhood Education Journal 29(4), 233-236. https://doi.org/ 10.1023/A:1015129623552
  • Şahin, A. &. (2011). Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının bilgisayar destekli eğitime ilişkin tutumlarının incelenmesi. Electronic Turkish Studies 6(2), 909-918.
  • Weiner, B. (1979). A theory of motivation for some classroom experiences. Journal of educational psychology 71(1), 3. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.71.1.3
  • Wigfield, A. &. (1997). Relations of Children's Motivation for Reading to The Amount and Breadth of Their Reading. Journal of Edication Psychology, 89, 420-432. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.89.3.420
  • Zimmerman, B. J. (1997). Becoming a self-regulated writer: A social cognitive perspective. Contemporary educational psychology . https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.1997.0919

Factors Affecting the Writing Motivation of Prisoners: The Case of Ağrı Closed Penal Institution

Year 2023, , 154 - 171, 24.05.2023
https://doi.org/10.17753/sosekev.1215672

Abstract

In this study, the factors affecting the writing motivation of convicts and detainees in Ağrı Closed Penal Institution were analyzed. The research aims to identify the factors affecting the motivation to write, which is an important communication tool for inmates in penal institutions as limited areas, and to characterize the motivation profiles of inmates. The motivation of prisoners to write was charactarized by the use of the reading motivation scale developed by Wigfield and Guthrie (1997), adapted in Turkish by Durmuş (2014). In the research, which is a factor analysis study, it was found that although the scores between value, pleasure, and self-perception, which have an impact on writing motivation, were similar, the value dimension of writing was positively differentiated compared to the other two motivation profiles. When prisonlers are given the opportunity to write in autonomous environments, they can be able to creat more authoritative Works in terms of text.

References

  • Ainley, M. H. (2002). Interest, learning, and the psychological processes that mediate their relationship. Journal of educational psychology 94(3), 545. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.94.3.545
  • Ames, C. (1984). Achievement attributions and self-instructions under competitive and individualistic goal structures. Journal of educational psychology 76(3), 478. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.76.3.478
  • Applebee, A. N. (2006). The state of writing instruction in America's school: What existing data tell us. Center on English Learning and Achievement.
  • Baker, L. S. (1997). Home and family influences on motivations for reading. Educational psychologist 32(2), 69-82. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15326985ep3202_2
  • Bandura, A. (1986). The explanatory and predictive scope of self-efficacy theory. Journal of social and clinical psychology 4(3), 359-373. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.1986.4.3.359
  • Brown, S. K. (1994). Concentrations of volatile organic compounds in indoor air-a review. Indoor Air 4(2), 123-134. https://doi.org/10.1177/1420326X9500400103
  • Bruning, R. (2000). Developing motivation to write. Education psychologist 35(1), 25-37. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15326985EP3501_4
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2002). Faktör analizi: Temel kavramlar ve ölçek geliştirmede kullanımı. Kuram ve uygulamada eğitim yönetimi 32(32), 470-483.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2016). Sınavlar üzerine düşünceler. Kalem Eğitim ve İnsan Bİlimleri Dergisi 6(2), 345-356.
  • Covington, M. V. (1992). Making the grade: A self-worth perspective on motivation and school reform. Cambridge University.
  • Cüce, H. K. (2022). Multivariate statistical methods and GIS based evaluation of the health risk potential and water quality due to arsenic pollution in the Kızılırmak River. International Journal of Sediment Research, 37(6), 754-765.
  • Daly, J. A. (1975). Further studies on writing apprehension: SAT scores, success expectations, willingness to take advanced courses and sex differences. Research in the Teaching of English 9(3), 250-256. https://doi.org/10.1177/0741088390007003004
  • Daly, J. A. (1975). The empirical development of an instrument to measure writing apprehension. Research in the Teaching of English 9(3), 242-249.
  • Daly, M. (1983). Sex, evolution, and behavior. Willard Grant. https://doi.org/10.1037/10242-019
  • Durmuş, G. (2014). "Okuma Motivasyonu Ölçeği"nin Türkçeye Uyarlanması. Uluslararası Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, (1), 16-40.
  • Eccles, J. S. (1998). Motivation to succeed. In W. Daman (Series Ed.) & N. Eisenberg (Vol. Ed.) Handbook of Child Psychology: Vo. 3 Social, Emotional, and Personality Development (5th ed., pp. 1017-1095).
  • Eccles, J. S. (2005). Solid Modeling and Fault Tolerant Meshing-Two Complementary Strategies. 17th AIAA Computational Fluid Dynamics Conference, (s. 5237).
  • Eisenberg, N. F. (1989). Relation of sympathy and personal distress to prosocial behavior, a multimethod study. Journal of personality and social psychology 57(1), 55. https://doi.org/ 10.1037//0022-3514.57.1.55
  • Gambrell, L. B. (1996). Creating motivation context for literacy learning. Developing engaged readers in school and home communities, 115-136.
  • Garcia, J. N. (2004). Effects of a motivational intervention for improving the writing of children with learning disabilities . Learning Disability Quarterly 27(3), 115-136.
  • Guthrie, J. (2001). The management, measurement and the reporting of intellectual capital. Journal of Intellectual capital.
  • Harter, S. W. (1992). Individual differences in the effects of educational transistions on young adolescent's perceptions of competence and motivational orientation. American educational research journal 29(4), 777-807.
  • Konukman, F. Y. (2007). An Examination of the Relationship Between Aerobic Fitness Level and Bodymass Index in 8 to 12 Year Old Children . Spor Bilimleri Dergisi Hacettepe J. of Sport Sciences 2007, 18(3)., 137-146.
  • Miller, D. A. (1989). Field-effect transistor self-electrooptic effect device: integrated photodiode, quantum well modulator and transistor. IEEE Photonics Technology Letter 1(3), 62-64.
  • Monterio, V. (2001). Motivaçao para a leitura em crianças do 1, 2, 3 e 4 anos de escolaridade. Infancia e Educaçao: Investigaçao e praticas 3, 49-68. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102.3772e3535
  • Pajares, F. (1994). Confidence and competence in writing: The role of self-efficacy outcome expectancy and apprehension. Research in the Teaching of English, 313-331.
  • Pajares, F. (1994). Role of self-efficacy and self-concept beliefs in mathematical problem solving: A path analysis. Journal of educational psychology 86(2), 193. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.86.2.193
  • Pajares, F. (1999). Grade level and gender differences in the writing self-beliefs of middle school students. Contemporary educational psychology 24(4), 390-405. https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.1998.0995
  • Pajares, F. (2000). Relation between achievement goals and self-beliefs of middle school students in writing and science. Contemporary educational psychology 25(4), 406-422. https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.1999.1027
  • Pajares, F. M. (1999). Gender differences in writing self-beliefs of elementary school students. Journal of educational Psychology 9(1), 50. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.91.1.50
  • Pajares, V. S. (2017). Estudi sociologic sobre els regugiats nord-coreans a Corea del Sud: el trajecte i la integracio.
  • Pintrich, P. R. (1990). Motivational and self-regulated learning components of classroom academic performans. Journal of educational psychology 82(2), 33. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.82.1.33
  • Ryan, A. M. (1997). "Should I ask for help?" The role of motivation and attitudes in adolescents' help seeking in math class. Journal of educational psychology 82(2), 329. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.90.4.644
  • Schiefele, U. (1999). Interest and learning from text. Scientific studies of reading 3(3), 257-279. https://doi.org/10.1207/s1532799xssr0303_4
  • Sperling, R. A. (2011). Reading attitudes and literacy skills in prekindergarten and kindergarten children. Early Childhood Education Journal 29(4), 233-236. https://doi.org/ 10.1023/A:1015129623552
  • Şahin, A. &. (2011). Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının bilgisayar destekli eğitime ilişkin tutumlarının incelenmesi. Electronic Turkish Studies 6(2), 909-918.
  • Weiner, B. (1979). A theory of motivation for some classroom experiences. Journal of educational psychology 71(1), 3. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.71.1.3
  • Wigfield, A. &. (1997). Relations of Children's Motivation for Reading to The Amount and Breadth of Their Reading. Journal of Edication Psychology, 89, 420-432. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.89.3.420
  • Zimmerman, B. J. (1997). Becoming a self-regulated writer: A social cognitive perspective. Contemporary educational psychology . https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.1997.0919
Year 2023, , 154 - 171, 24.05.2023
https://doi.org/10.17753/sosekev.1215672

Abstract

References

  • Ainley, M. H. (2002). Interest, learning, and the psychological processes that mediate their relationship. Journal of educational psychology 94(3), 545. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.94.3.545
  • Ames, C. (1984). Achievement attributions and self-instructions under competitive and individualistic goal structures. Journal of educational psychology 76(3), 478. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.76.3.478
  • Applebee, A. N. (2006). The state of writing instruction in America's school: What existing data tell us. Center on English Learning and Achievement.
  • Baker, L. S. (1997). Home and family influences on motivations for reading. Educational psychologist 32(2), 69-82. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15326985ep3202_2
  • Bandura, A. (1986). The explanatory and predictive scope of self-efficacy theory. Journal of social and clinical psychology 4(3), 359-373. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.1986.4.3.359
  • Brown, S. K. (1994). Concentrations of volatile organic compounds in indoor air-a review. Indoor Air 4(2), 123-134. https://doi.org/10.1177/1420326X9500400103
  • Bruning, R. (2000). Developing motivation to write. Education psychologist 35(1), 25-37. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15326985EP3501_4
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2002). Faktör analizi: Temel kavramlar ve ölçek geliştirmede kullanımı. Kuram ve uygulamada eğitim yönetimi 32(32), 470-483.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2016). Sınavlar üzerine düşünceler. Kalem Eğitim ve İnsan Bİlimleri Dergisi 6(2), 345-356.
  • Covington, M. V. (1992). Making the grade: A self-worth perspective on motivation and school reform. Cambridge University.
  • Cüce, H. K. (2022). Multivariate statistical methods and GIS based evaluation of the health risk potential and water quality due to arsenic pollution in the Kızılırmak River. International Journal of Sediment Research, 37(6), 754-765.
  • Daly, J. A. (1975). Further studies on writing apprehension: SAT scores, success expectations, willingness to take advanced courses and sex differences. Research in the Teaching of English 9(3), 250-256. https://doi.org/10.1177/0741088390007003004
  • Daly, J. A. (1975). The empirical development of an instrument to measure writing apprehension. Research in the Teaching of English 9(3), 242-249.
  • Daly, M. (1983). Sex, evolution, and behavior. Willard Grant. https://doi.org/10.1037/10242-019
  • Durmuş, G. (2014). "Okuma Motivasyonu Ölçeği"nin Türkçeye Uyarlanması. Uluslararası Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, (1), 16-40.
  • Eccles, J. S. (1998). Motivation to succeed. In W. Daman (Series Ed.) & N. Eisenberg (Vol. Ed.) Handbook of Child Psychology: Vo. 3 Social, Emotional, and Personality Development (5th ed., pp. 1017-1095).
  • Eccles, J. S. (2005). Solid Modeling and Fault Tolerant Meshing-Two Complementary Strategies. 17th AIAA Computational Fluid Dynamics Conference, (s. 5237).
  • Eisenberg, N. F. (1989). Relation of sympathy and personal distress to prosocial behavior, a multimethod study. Journal of personality and social psychology 57(1), 55. https://doi.org/ 10.1037//0022-3514.57.1.55
  • Gambrell, L. B. (1996). Creating motivation context for literacy learning. Developing engaged readers in school and home communities, 115-136.
  • Garcia, J. N. (2004). Effects of a motivational intervention for improving the writing of children with learning disabilities . Learning Disability Quarterly 27(3), 115-136.
  • Guthrie, J. (2001). The management, measurement and the reporting of intellectual capital. Journal of Intellectual capital.
  • Harter, S. W. (1992). Individual differences in the effects of educational transistions on young adolescent's perceptions of competence and motivational orientation. American educational research journal 29(4), 777-807.
  • Konukman, F. Y. (2007). An Examination of the Relationship Between Aerobic Fitness Level and Bodymass Index in 8 to 12 Year Old Children . Spor Bilimleri Dergisi Hacettepe J. of Sport Sciences 2007, 18(3)., 137-146.
  • Miller, D. A. (1989). Field-effect transistor self-electrooptic effect device: integrated photodiode, quantum well modulator and transistor. IEEE Photonics Technology Letter 1(3), 62-64.
  • Monterio, V. (2001). Motivaçao para a leitura em crianças do 1, 2, 3 e 4 anos de escolaridade. Infancia e Educaçao: Investigaçao e praticas 3, 49-68. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102.3772e3535
  • Pajares, F. (1994). Confidence and competence in writing: The role of self-efficacy outcome expectancy and apprehension. Research in the Teaching of English, 313-331.
  • Pajares, F. (1994). Role of self-efficacy and self-concept beliefs in mathematical problem solving: A path analysis. Journal of educational psychology 86(2), 193. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.86.2.193
  • Pajares, F. (1999). Grade level and gender differences in the writing self-beliefs of middle school students. Contemporary educational psychology 24(4), 390-405. https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.1998.0995
  • Pajares, F. (2000). Relation between achievement goals and self-beliefs of middle school students in writing and science. Contemporary educational psychology 25(4), 406-422. https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.1999.1027
  • Pajares, F. M. (1999). Gender differences in writing self-beliefs of elementary school students. Journal of educational Psychology 9(1), 50. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.91.1.50
  • Pajares, V. S. (2017). Estudi sociologic sobre els regugiats nord-coreans a Corea del Sud: el trajecte i la integracio.
  • Pintrich, P. R. (1990). Motivational and self-regulated learning components of classroom academic performans. Journal of educational psychology 82(2), 33. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.82.1.33
  • Ryan, A. M. (1997). "Should I ask for help?" The role of motivation and attitudes in adolescents' help seeking in math class. Journal of educational psychology 82(2), 329. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.90.4.644
  • Schiefele, U. (1999). Interest and learning from text. Scientific studies of reading 3(3), 257-279. https://doi.org/10.1207/s1532799xssr0303_4
  • Sperling, R. A. (2011). Reading attitudes and literacy skills in prekindergarten and kindergarten children. Early Childhood Education Journal 29(4), 233-236. https://doi.org/ 10.1023/A:1015129623552
  • Şahin, A. &. (2011). Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının bilgisayar destekli eğitime ilişkin tutumlarının incelenmesi. Electronic Turkish Studies 6(2), 909-918.
  • Weiner, B. (1979). A theory of motivation for some classroom experiences. Journal of educational psychology 71(1), 3. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.71.1.3
  • Wigfield, A. &. (1997). Relations of Children's Motivation for Reading to The Amount and Breadth of Their Reading. Journal of Edication Psychology, 89, 420-432. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.89.3.420
  • Zimmerman, B. J. (1997). Becoming a self-regulated writer: A social cognitive perspective. Contemporary educational psychology . https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.1997.0919
There are 39 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Kılıç Köçeri 0000-0003-1687-3001

Mehmet Göktaş 0000-0001-6384-5287

Esra Çelebi 0000-0002-2311-4903

Publication Date May 24, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023

Cite

APA Köçeri, K., Göktaş, M., & Çelebi, E. (2023). MAHKÛMLARIN YAZMA MOTİVASYONLARINI ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLER: AĞRI KAPALI CEZA İNFAZ KURUMU ÖRNEĞİ. EKEV Akademi Dergisi(94), 154-171. https://doi.org/10.17753/sosekev.1215672