Sporda Toplumsal Cinsiyet ve Homofobi Kavramı

Year 2025, Issue: 104, 146 - 157

Seda Sabah

https://doi.org/10.17753/sosekev.1681665

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı, profesyonel erkek sporcuların sporda toplumsal cinsiyet ve homofobi kavramına ilişkin görüşlerini incelemektir. Araştırma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden fenomenoloji desenindedir. Araştırmanın örneklemini 16 erkek sporcu oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama sürecinde yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada; toplumda kadın ve erkek sporu olarak kalıplaşmış spor branşlarıyla ilgilenilmesi durumunda, toplum tarafından sporcuların ilginç karşılandığı, dalga konusu olduğu ve özellikle kadınların bu süreçte aşağılandığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. İlaveten sporcuların eşcinsel sporculara yönelik tutumları incelendiğinde ise bazı sporcuların bu süreçte çok fazla hoşgörülü olamayacaklarını, bu durumun normalleştirilmemesi gerektiğini ancak saygı duymak zorunda oldukları belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak sporcuların eşcinsel sporculara yönelik tutumlarının olumlu olduğu, ahlak dışı bir davranışla karşılaşmadıkları müddetçe saygı duydukları tespit edilmiştir. Nitekim bu bulgular, sporcuların kişisel değerleri açısından eşcinsel sporculara ve toplumsal cinsiyet rollerine genel olarak olumlu ve saygılı yaklaştıklarını göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte, bazı sporcuların normalleştirme konusunda çekinceleri, toplumsal normlar ve heteronormatif bakış açılarının tutumları üzerinde etkili olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.

Keywords

Sporda homofobi , Spor , Toplumsal cinsiyet , Sporda toplumsal cinsiyet

THE CONCEPT OF GENDER AND HOMOPHOBIA IN SPORTS

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine professional male athletes’ views on the concepts of gender and homophobia in sports. The research employs a phenomenological design within qualitative research methods. The sample consists of sixteen male athletes, and data were collected using a semi-structured interview form. The findings indicate that when athletes engage in sports traditionally categorized as male or female, they are perceived as unusual by society, subjected to ridicule, and, in particular, women are often humiliated. Furthermore, regarding attitudes toward homosexual athletes, a few participants indicated that they might not be fully tolerant, believed that such situations should not be normalized, yet acknowledged that respect must be shown. Overall, the athletes’ attitudes toward homosexual athletes were found to be positive, showing respect as long as no immoral behavior is encountered. These findings suggest that, in terms of personal values, athletes generally demonstrate a respectful and positive approach toward homosexual athletes and gender roles in sports. However, some participants’ reservations about normalization reveal that societal norms and heteronormative perspectives continue to influence their attitudes.

Keywords

Homophobia in sport , Sports , Gender , Gender in Sport

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