TÜRKİYE’DE BOŞANMA SONRASI BİRLİKTE EBEVEYNLİK DENEYİMLERİ: NİTEL BİR ÇALIŞMA

Öz

Bu araştırmada, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden fenomenolojik yaklaşım ile eski eşlerin boşanma sonrası birlikte ebeveynlik deneyimleri ve algıları incelenmiştir. Amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden ölçüt örnekleme tekniği kullanılarak ölçütleri karşılayan resmi olarak boşanmış 0-18 yaş aralığında çocuk sahibi olan 14 çift (28 yetişkin) araştırmaya katılım sağlamıştır. Veri toplama süreci kuramsal açıklamalar, ampirik bulgular ve uzman görüşleri dikkate alınarak oluşturulan Demografik Bilgi Formu ve Yarı Yapılandırılmış Görüşme Formu aracılığıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Eski eşler ile yüz yüze veya çevrim içi görüşmelerin gerçekleştirilmesinin ardından elde edilen sözel veriler içerik analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Araştırma bulguları genel olarak değerlendirildiğinde, katılımcıların boşanma sonrası çocuk yetiştirme süreçlerinde birlikte hareket etmeye ve ortak karar vermeye çalıştıkları fakat bu süreçlerin anne temelli ilerlediği veya sorumluluğun daha çok annede olduğu; babanın gerekli durumlarda destek sunduğu ebeveynlik ilişkilerinin de yaygın olduğu görülmüştür. Eski eşler arasında çocuk yetiştirme süreçlerinde anlaşmazlıkların ise ebeveynlik stili ve davranışlarındaki farklılıklardan kaynaklandığı belirlenmiştir. Eski eşlerin, ebeveynlik ilişkileri içerisindeki olumsuzluklara çocuklarının tanıklık etmeleri durumunda çocuklarda duygu durum sorunları, davranış sorunları, aile sistemine ve ebeveyne tepkisellik gibi etkiler gözlemledikleri belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Birlikte ebeveynlik
• boşanma
• nitel araştırma
• fenomenolojik yaklaşım
• yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme

POST-DIVORCE COPARENTING EXPERIENCES IN TÜRKİYE: A QUALITATIVE STUDY

Abstract

In this research, post-divorce co-parenting experiences and perceptions of ex-spouses were assessed with the phenomenological approach, one of the qualitative research methods. 14 officially divorced couples (28 adults) with children aged 0-18 who met the criteria participated in the study and these participants were recruited by using criterion sampling technique, one of the purposive sampling methods. The data collection process was carried out through the Demographic Information Form and Semi-Structured Interview Form, which was developed by the researchers considering theoretical explanations, empirical findings, expert opinions. The verbal data obtained by face-to-face or online interviews were analyzed by content analysis method. When the research findings were evaluated, it was seen that the participants tried to act together and make joint decisions in the post-divorce child-rearing processes, but these processes were generally mother-based or the parenting relationships, where the responsibility was more on the mother, and the father provided support, when necessary, were also common. It has been determined that the disagreements between ex-spouses in the process of raising children arise from the differences in parenting styles and behaviors. It has been reported that affective problems, behavioral problems, negative reactions to the family system and parents can be encountered when the children witness negative situations between the parents.

Keywords

• Coparenting
• divorce
• qualitative research
• phenomenological approach
• semi-structured interview

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