Falling Prevalence in a Nursing Home: A 4 Year Retrospective Examination

Abstract

One of the main problems with aging is falling of elders. It is important to scrutinize falling issue in order to decrease the number of falls which has negative physical, psychological and economic results. Particularly, better understanding of the issue in nursing homes may help to develop and execute effective projects to lessen the number of falls. In this research, 1425 fallings of elders who live in a nursing home were examined via the records in the nursing homes’ automation system for the last four years (2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016). It was aimed to find how time, place and gender factors prevail on the fallings. According to the results of the study, falls were intensified in spring among seasons and in June among moths. Female elders experienced falling more than male ones and the falls mostly were experienced in residents’ own rooms. This descriptive study may help to fulfill the information gap about the issue in our country.

Keywords

• Elder,Prevalence of Falls,Nursing Home,Falling,Institutional Care

BİR HUZUREVİNDE DÜŞME YAYGINLIĞI: 4 YILLIK RETROSPEKTİF BİR İNCELEME

Abstract

Yaşlanmayla birlikte karşılaşılan büyük sorunlardan bir tanesi yaşlıların düşmesidir. Olumsuz fiziksel, psikolojik ve ekonomik sonuçları olan düşmenin yakından incelenmesi, düşme sayılarının azaltılmasında önemlidir. Özellikle yaşlıların kaldığı kuruluşlarda bu konunun iyi anlaşılması düşme sayılarının azalmasına yönelik etkili olabilecek çalışmaların geliştirilmesine ve uygulanmasına yardımcı olabilir. Bu çalışmada da bir huzurevinde kalan yaşlıların dört sene boyunca (2013, 2014, 2015 ve 2016) yaşadığı 1425 düşme, huzurevinin otomasyon sistemine yapılmış kayıtlar aracılığıyla incelenmiştir. Zaman, mekân ve cinsiyet faktörlerinin nasıl bir yaygınlık gösterdiği bulunmaya çalışılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre düşmeler mevsimsel olarak ilkbaharda, ay olarak Haziranda yoğunlaşmıştır.  Kadınlar erkeklerden daha çok düşme yaşamış ve en çok düşme sakinlerin odasında yaşanmıştır. Betimleyici bu çalışmayla ülkemizde konuyla alakalı bir bilgi açığının kapanmasına yardımcı olunabilir.

Keywords

• Yaşlı,Düşme Yaygınlığı,Huzurevi,Düşme,Kurumsal Bakım

References

1. Alexander, B.H., Rivara, F.P., and Wolf, M.E. (1992). The cost and frequency of hospitalization for fall-related injuries in older adults. American Journal of Public Health, 82(7), 1020-1023.
2. Auron-Gomez, M. and Michota, F. (2008). Medical management of hip fracture. Clinics in Geriatric Medicine, 24(4), 701-719.
3. Bıyıklı, K. & Nahçivan, N. Ö.(2007). Huzurevinde Yaşayan Bir Grup Yaşlıda Düşme ile İlişkili Faktörler: Demografik Özellikler, Sağlık Sorunları ve Kullanılan İlaçlar. Sağlık ve Toplum, 17(1), 95-108.
4. Brassington, G.S., King, A.C. and Bliwise, D.L. (2000). Sleep problems as a risk factor for falls in a sample of community dwelling adults aged 64–99 years. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 48(10), 1234-1240.
5. Chandler, J.M., Duncan, P.W., Sanders, L. and Studenski, S. (1996). The fear of falling syndrome: Relationship to falls, physical performance, and activities of daily living in frail older persons. Topics in Geriatric Rehabilitation, 11(3), 55-63.
6. Fuller, G.F. (2000). Falls in the elderly. American Family Physician, 61(7), 2159-68.
7. Hausdorff, J.M., Rios, D.A. and Edelberg, H.K. (2001). Gait variability and fall risk in community-living older adults: A 1-year prospective study. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 82(8), 1050-1056.
8. Hill, K., Schwarz, J., Flicker, L. and Carroll, S. (1999). Falls among healthy, community dwelling, older women: A prospective study of frequency, circumstances, consequences and prediction accuracy. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 23(1), 41-48.

9. Kallin, K., Lundin-Olsson, L., Jensen, J., Nyberg, L. and Gustafson, Y. (2002). Predisposing and precipitating factors for falls among older people in residential care. Public Health, 116(5), 263-271.
10. Kaya, Ç. A., Kırımlı, E., Kalaça, Ç., Çifçili, S., Ünalan, P. C., & Kalaça, S. (2012). Huzurevlerinde Kalan Yaşlılarda Düşme İnsidansı ve İlişkili Faktörler. Turkish Journal Of Geriatrics/Türk Geriatri Dergisi, 15(1).
11. Kelsey, J.L., Berry, S.D., Procter Gray, E., Quach, L., Nguyen, U.S.D., Li, W., ... and Hannan, M. T. (2010). Indoor and outdoor falls in older adults are different: The maintenance of balance, independent living, intellect, and Zest in the Elderly of Boston Study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 58(11), 2135-2141.
12. Kiely, D.K., Kiel, D.P., Burrows, A.B. and Lipsitz, L.A. (1998). Identifying nursing home residents at risk for falling. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 46(5), 551-555.
13. Koepsell, T.D., Wolf, M.E., Buchner, D.M., Kukull, W.A., LaCroix, A.Z., Tencer, A.F., ... and Larson, E.B. (2004). Footwear style and risk of falls in older adults. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 52(9), 1495-1501.
14. Laughton, C.A., Slavin, M., Katdare, K., Nolan, L., Bean, J.F., Kerrigan, D.C., ... and Collins, J.J. (2003). Aging, muscle activity, and balance control: Physiologic changes associated with balance impairment. Gait & Posture, 18(2), 101-108.
15. Lord, S.R. and Dayhew, J. (2001). Visual risk factors for falls in older people. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 49(5), 508-515.
16. Maurer, M.S., Burcham, J. and Cheng, H. (2005). Diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of falls in elderly residents of a long-term care facility. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 60(9), 1157-1162.
17. Moylan, K.C., & Binder, E.F. (2007). Falls in older adults: Risk assessment, management and prevention. The American Journal of Medicine, 120(6), 493-e1.
18. Neyens, J.C., Dijcks, B.P., van Haastregt, J.C., de Witte, L.P., van den Heuvel, W.J., Crebolder, H.F. and Schols, J.M. (2006). The development of a multidisciplinary fall risk evaluation tool for demented nursing home patients in the Netherlands. BMC Public Health, 6(1), 74.
19. O'Halloran, A.M., Pénard, N., Galli, A., Fan, C.W., Robertson, I.H. and Kenny, R.A. (2011). Falls and falls efficacy: the role of sustained attention in older adults. BMC Geriatrics, 11(1), 85.
20. Rapp, K., Becker, C., Cameron, I.D., König, H.H. and Büchele, G. (2012). Epidemiology of falls in residential aged care: Analysis of more than 70,000 falls from residents of bavarian nursing homes. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 13(2), 187-e1.
21. Rubenstein, L.Z., Josephson, K.R. and Robbins, A.S. (1994). Falls in the nursing home. Annals of Internal Medicine, 121(6), 442-451.
22. Salkeld, G., Ameratunga, S.N., Cameron, I.D., Cumming, R.G., Easter, S., Seymour, J., ... and Brown, P.M. (2000). Quality of life related to fear of falling and hip fracture in older women: A time trade off study Commentary: Older people's perspectives on life after hip fractures. Bmj, 320(7231), 341-346.
23. Sterling, D.A., O’connor, J.A. and Bonadies, J. (2001). Geriatric falls: injury severity is high and disproportionate to mechanism. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, 50(1), 116-119.
24. Stevens, J.A., Thomas, K.E. and Sogolow, E.D. (2007). Seasonal patterns of fatal and nonfatal falls among older adults in the US. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 39(6), 1239-1244.
25. Talbot, L.A., Musiol, R.J., Witham, E.K. and Metter, E.J. (2005). Falls in young, middle-aged and older community dwelling adults: Perceived cause, environmental factors and injury. BMC Public Health, 5(1), 86.
26. Tinetti, M.E. (2003). Preventing falls in elderly persons. New England Journal of Medicine, 348(1), 42-49.
27. Tinetti, M.E., Doucette, J., Claus, E. and Marottoli, R. (1995). Risk factors for serious injury during falls by older persons in the community. Journal of the American geriatrics society, 43(11), 1214-1221.
28. Tinetti, M.E. and Speechley, M. (1989). Prevention of falls among the elderly. New England Journal of Medicine, 320(16), 1055-1059.
29. Tinetti, M.E., Speechley, M. and Ginter, S.F. (1988). Risk factors for falls among elderly persons living in the community. New England Journal of Medicine, 319(26), 1701-1707.
30. Udell, J.E., Drahota, A., Dean, T.P., Sander, R. and Mackenzie, H. (2011). Interventions for preventing falls in older people: an overview of Cochrane Reviews. The Cochrane Library.
31. Wagner, L.M., Capezuti, E., Taylor, J.A., Sattin, R.W. and Ouslander, J.G. (2005). Impact of a falls menu-driven incident-reporting system on documentation and quality improvement in nursing homes. The Gerontologist, 45(6), 835-842.
32. Yeşilbalkan, Ö. U. ve Karadakovan, A. (2005). Narlıdere Dinlenme ve Bakımevinde Yaşayan Yaşlı Bireylerdeki Düşme Sıklığı ve Düşmeyi Etkileyen Faktörleri. Türk Geriatri Dergisi, 8(2), 72-77.