EXAMINATION OF STRESS AND ANXIETY LEVELS IN CHILD AND ADOLESCENT SKI ATHLETES ACCORDING TO PAİN RELATED PATTERNS OF ACTIVITY

Öz

Aim: Chronic pain affects the general activity and physical activity levels of individuals. Three activity patterns are generally observed among individuals with chronic pain (avoidance, overdoing, pacing). The aim of this study was to compare the stress and anxiety levels of child and adolescent ski athletes who showed three activity patterns in response to pain Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted with an online survey method via Google Forms. The study population consisted of 36 licensed ski athletes in Erzurum province, 21 males and 15 females, aged between 8-19 years, who had musculoskeletal pain for more than 3 months. Those who had an injury that would prevent them from doing sports in the last 6 months and those who were professionally involved in a different sports branch were excluded from the study. Demographic information of the individuals participating in the study was recorded. Patterns of Activity Measure-Pain (POAM-P), Sports Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) were used to collect the data. Findings: The mean age of the 36 participants was 14.91±3.09 years (female=14.26±3.10 years, male=15.38±2.97 years). According to the results of the POAM-P 0 participants were assigned to the "avoidance" group, 10 participants to the "overdoing" group and 16 participants to the "pacing" group. As a result of the comparison of the anxiety and stress levels of the participants in the 3 groups, a significant difference was found in the anxiety sub-dimension of SAS-2 (p<0.05), but no significant difference was found in the somatic anxiety and concentration sub-headings (p>0.05). When the stress levels of the 3 groups were compared, no significant difference was found between the groups (p>0.05). As a result of pairwise group comparison for the anxiety subdimension of SAS-2, it was found that the anxiety levels of the "overdoing" group were significantly higher than the "pacing" and "avoiding" groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: As a result of the study, it was found that the level of anxiety was significantly higher in athletes who showed the behaviour of continuing training in the presence of pain, defined as "overdoing", than in athletes who showed the behaviour of avoiding and pacing.The results of this study may contribute to understanding the nature of physical activity patterns in athletes with chronic pain. Keywords: Anxiety, kinesiophobia, pain, skiing, stress

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anxiety
• kinesiophobia
• pain
• skiing
• stress

ÇOCUK VE ADÖLESAN KAYAK SPORCULARINDA AĞRI İLE İLİŞKİLİ AKTİVİTE PATERNLERİNE GÖRE STRES VE KAYGI DÜZEYLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Öz

Amaç: Kronik ağrı, bireylerin genel aktivite ve fiziksel aktivite düzeylerini etkilemektedir. Kronik ağrısı olan bireyler arasında genelde üç aktivite modeli gözlenmektedir (kaçınma, aşırıya kaçma, düzene sokma). Bu araştırmanın amacı, ağrıya karşı geliştirilen üç aktivite modelini sergileyen çocuk ve adölesan kayak sporcularının stres ve kaygı düzeyleri karşılaştırmaktır. Yöntem: Kesitsel türde yürütülen bu çalışma, Google Forms üzerinden çevrimiçi anket yöntemi ile gerçekleştirildi. Araştırma evrenini, Erzurum ilinde lisanslı olarak kayak sporu yapan 8-19 yaş aralığında, 3 aydan uzun süredir kas iskelet sistemi ağrısı yaşayan, 21 erkek ve 15 kadın toplam 36 kayak sporcusu oluşturdu. Son 6 ayda spor yapmasına engel olacak bir sakatlık geçiren ve farklı bir spor branşı ile de profesyonel olarak ilgilenenler çalışmadan dışlandı. Araştırmaya katılan bireylerin demografik bilgileri kaydedildi. Araştırma verilerinin toplanmasında; Ağrı-Aktivite Paternleri Ölçeği (AAPÖ), Spor Kaygı Ölçeği-2 (SKÖ-2) ve Algılanan Stres Ölçeği (ASÖ) kullanıldı. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan 36 katılımcının ortalama yaşı 14.91±3.09 yıl (kadın=14.26±3.10 yıl, erkek=15.38±2.97 yıl) olarak belirlendi. AAPÖ sonuçlarına göre 10 katılımcı “kaçınma” grubuna, 10 katılımcı “aşırıya kaçma” grubuna 16 katılımcı “düzene sokma” grubuna atandı. 3 gruptaki katılımcıların kaygı ve stres düzeyleri karşılaştırıldığında SKÖ-2’nin endişe alt boyutunda anlamlı fark tespit edilirken (p<0.05), somatik kaygı ve konsantrasyon alt başlıklarında anlamlı fark bulunamadı (p>0.05). 3 grup arasında stres düzeyleri karşılaştırıldığında gruplar arasında anlamlı fark bulunamadı (p>0.05). SKÖ-2’nin endişe alt boyutu için ikili grup karşılaştırması yapıldığında “aşırıya kaçma” grubunun endişe düzeylerinin “düzene sokma” ve “kaçınma” grubundan anlamlı derecede yüksek olduğu bulundu (p<0.05). Sonuç: Çalışma sonucunda, endişe düzeyinin “aşırıya kaçma” olarak tanımlanan ağrı varlığında antrenmana devam etme davranışı gösteren sporcularda kaçınma ve düzene sokma davranışı gösteren sporculara göre anlamlı derecede yüksek olduğu bulundu. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, kronik ağrı yaşayan sporcularda fiziksel aktivite paternlerinin doğasının anlaşılmasına katkı sağlayabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ağrı
• kinezyofobi
• kaygı
• kayak sporu
• stres

Kaynakça

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