Ekolojik Krizlerin Çözümünde Yapay Zekânın Rolü: Eleştirel Bir İnceleme

Abstract

Bu çalışma, özellikle yapay zekâ (YZ) bağlamında 21. yüzyılda yaşanan teknolojik dönüşümün ekolojik krizlerin çözümündeki potansiyelini eleştirel bir bakış açısıyla incelemektedir. Avcı-toplayıcı toplumlardan feodal ve kapitalist sistemlere kadar uzanan tarihsel ve toplumsal dönüşümler üzerinden, insan-doğa ilişkilerinin nasıl yeniden şekillendiğini ve ekolojik krizlerin üretim ilişkileriyle ne kadar sıkı bir bağ içinde olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Makale, su kalitesi, hava kalitesi, biyolojik çeşitlilik ve habitat koruma ile karbon yakalama ve depolama gibi temel ekolojik alanlarda YZ uygulamalarını ele alarak, bu teknolojilerin çevresel sorunları izleme ve hafifletmede etkili bir rol oynayabileceğini göstermektedir. Ancak vaka çalışmaları, YZ’nin potansiyel faydalarının veri altyapısı eksiklikleri, yüksek maliyetler, algoritmik belirsizlikler, toplumsal eşitsizlikler ve yetersiz yönetişim mekanizmaları nedeniyle sınırlı kaldığını ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışma, YZ’nin ekolojik kriz yönetiminde etkinliğinin yalnızca teknik gelişmelere değil, aynı zamanda toplumsal adaptasyona, kapsayıcı yönetişime ve kaynaklara adil erişime bağlı olduğunu vurgulamaktadır. YZ teknolojileri, toplumsal gözetimle ve ortak iyiye odaklanarak kullanıldığında sürdürülebilir ekolojik yönetim için güçlü araçlar haline gelebilir; aksi takdirde düzensiz veya adaletsiz kullanım mevcut krizleri derinleştirme riski taşımaktadır. Bulgular, küresel çevresel sorunlarla başa çıkmada YZ’nin potansiyelini tam olarak değerlendirebilmek için teknik, toplumsal ve ekolojik boyutların entegre edilmesinin önemini vurgulamaktadır.

Keywords

• yapay zeka
• ekolojik kriz
• çevre yönetimi
• biyolojik çeşitliliğin korunması
• karbon yakalama ve depolama
• veri altyapısı

Artificial Intelligence Applications in Addressing the Ecological Crisis: A Critical Review

Abstract

This study critically examines the potential of 21st-century technological transformation, particularly artificial intelligence (AI), in addressing ecological crises. Drawing on historical and societal transformations—from hunter-gatherer societies to feudal and capitalist systems—it highlights how human-nature relationships have been reshaped and how ecological crises are closely intertwined with production relations. The paper explores AI applications in key ecological domains, including water quality, air quality, biodiversity and habitat conservation, and carbon capture and storage, demonstrating that these technologies can play an effective role in monitoring and mitigating environmental problems. However, case studies indicate that the potential benefits of AI are constrained by data infrastructure gaps, high costs, algorithmic uncertainties, social inequalities, and insufficient governance mechanisms. The study argues that the effectiveness of AI in ecological crisis management depends not only on technical advancements but also on social adaptation, inclusive governance, and equitable access to resources. When deployed with societal oversight and aligned with collective well-being, AI technologies can serve as powerful tools for sustainable ecological management, whereas unregulated or inequitable use risks deepening existing crises. The findings underscore the importance of integrating technical, social, and ecological considerations to fully leverage AI’s potential in addressing global environmental challenges.

Keywords

• Artificial Intelligence
• Ecological Crisis
• Environmental Management
• Biodiversity Conservation
• Carbon Capture
• Data Infrastructure

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