DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS, HEMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES, TREATMENTS AND OUTCOMES OF PATIENTS WITH ISOLATED VENTRİCULAR SEPTAL DEFECT: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

Year 2024, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 1 - 9, 31.12.2024

Elif Uğurlu , İrfan Oğuz Şahin

https://doi.org/10.55895/sshs.1501009

Abstract

Aim: Determine the demographic characteristics, hemodynamic properties, treatments, prognosis and complications of patients diagnosed with isolated ventricular septal defect (VSD).
Material and Methods: The study was a retrospective study of 268 patients diagnosed with isolated VSD in OMUTF Department of Pediatric Cardiology between January-2010 and December-2018. The cases included in the study were accessed from the database of our hospital. The statistical analysis of data was processed with SPSS v.21 program.
Results: Of the patients, 56.3% were female and 43.7% were male. The most frequent period in which VSDs were diagnosed (50%) was the first 30 days of life. Muscular VSD was the most common type (56.3%). Small VSDs were detected in 83.6%. Membranous defects have a higher tendency to be larger (35.8%). Murmur was detected in 91%. Spontaneous closure was observed in 44.4%, and the rate of spontaneous closure in the first 2 years of life was 58.8%. The spontaneous closure rate of muscular defects was higher. Surgical closure was performed for 5.5%. The need of surgical closure for large membranous defects was higher. Pulmonary hypertension was detected in 2.9% of the patients.
Discussion: VSD is one of the common acyanotic congenital heart diseases. Although it is generally asymptomatic, it can develop to pulmonary hypertension and Eisenmenger syndrome. In case of delayed diagnosis time, the need for medical or surgical treatment will not be met. The complication and mortality rates of surgical treatment are low. However, we think that it is important to inform families before surgery.

Keywords

Ventricular septal defect, congenital heart disease, pediatric cardiology

References

• Anderson, R. H. (2019). Anderson’s Pediatric Cardiology. 4 th edition. Edinburgh. Elsevier, 555.
• Eyileten, Z., Uysalel. (2017). Isolated ventricular septal defects in infants. Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine, 5(2): 22-23.
• Gersony, M. (2001). Natural history and decision making in patients with ventricular septal defect. Progress in Pediatric Cardiology, 14:125-132.
• Muralidaran, A., Shen, I. (2019). Critical Heart Disease in Infants and Children. 3 th edition. Philadelphia Elsevier, 605.
• Ugurlu E., Sahin I. O., (2024), Demographic Characteristics, Hemodynamic Properties, Treatments and Outcomes of Patients with Isolated Ventricular Septal Defect: A Retrospective Study, Sabuncuoglu Serefeddin Health Science, 6(2), 1-9
• Noori, N. M., Teimouri, A. (2019). Clinical course in children and adolescents with ventricular septal defect. Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals, 27(7): 529-34.
• Park, M. K. (2020). Park’s Pediatric Cardiology for Practititoners. 7 th edition. Elsevier, 130. Rodríguez-Hernández JL., Rodríguez-González F., Martínez-Quintana E. (2018). Anemia in Adolescents and Young Adult Patients With Congenital Heart Disease. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 40(8):620-4.
• Schipper, M., Slieker, M. G., Schoof, P. H., Breur, J. M. (2017). Surgical Repair of Ventricular Septal Defect; Contemporary Results and Risk Factors for a Complicated Course. Pediatr Cardiol. 38(2):264-270.
• Turgeon, M. L. (2020). Clinical Hematology. Enhanced 6 th edition. Baltimore. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 264.
• Turner, S. W., Hunter, S., Wylie, J. P. (1999). The natural history of ventricular septal defect. Arch Dis Child, 81: 413-6.