Meyvelerde Hasat Öncesi Koruyucu Torba Uygulamaları

Abstract

Bitkisel üretimde kullanılan tarımsal ilaç ve gübrelerin çevre ve insan sağlığına olumsuz etkilerine karşı tüketicilerin hassasiyeti son yıllarda bir hayli artmıştır. Eğitimli ve bilinçli tüketiciler meyvenin fiziksel ve duyusal özellikleri kadar gıda hijyeni ve güvenliğini de önemsemektedir. Sağlıklı ve kaliteli meyve üretiminde koruyucu torba kullanımı son yıllarda hızla yaygınlaşan bir tekniktir. ‘Meyve torbalama/poşetleme’, hasattan belirli bir süre önce meyvelerin tek tek veya salkım halinde kâğıt veya plastik torbalara alınıp belirli bir süre dış ortamdan izole edilme tekniğidir. Çin, Japonya, ABD, Hindistan, Avustralya, Şili ve Tayvan’da elma, armut, portakal, muz, üzüm ve mango gibi birçok meyvede uzun yıllardan beri uygulanmaktadır. Torbalama, meyvede kuş, böcek, hastalık ve mekanik zararlanmaya karşı fiziksel bir koruma ortamı sağlamakta, kabuk çatlaması, güneş yanıklığı ve ilaç kalıntısını azaltmaktadır.

Keywords

• Meyve torbalama
• Meyve kalitesi
• Hasat sonu fizyolojisi
• Gıda güvenliği

Pre-harvest Protective Bag Applications in Fruits

Abstract

Consumer sensitivity to the negative effects of pesticides and fertilizers used in plant production on the environment and human health has increased considerably in recent years. Educated and conscious consumers are about food hygiene and safety as much as the physical and sensory properties of fruit. The use of protective bag in healthy and quality fruit production is a rapidly wide spread technique in recent years. ‘Bagging' is the technique of taking the fruits individually or in bunches in to paper or plastic bags for a certain period of time before harvesting and isolating them from the outside environment for a certain period of time. It has been practiced for many years in many fruits such as apples, pears, oranges, bananas, grapes and mangoes in China, Japan, USA, India, Australia, Chile and Taiwan. Bagging provides a physical protection environment against birds, insects, diseases mechanical damage in the fruit, reduces fruit cracking, sunburn of the skin and pesticide residue.

Keywords

• Fruit bagging
• Fruit quality
• Postharvest physiology
• Food safety

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