Öz
The aim of the present paper is to reveal how Penelope Fitzgerald (1916-2000), the well-known English writer, employs defamiliarization device in her second novel The Bookshop (1978). Penelope Fitzgerald is mainly known for her distinctive and elegant style, called by many critics the “quiet genius” of the late twentieth-century English fiction. She can also be called the master of the uncanny, or ostranenie (making it strange), as the Russian formalist Viktor Shklovsky defined it. Penelope Fitzgerald brings quite new and original interpretations to the familiar concepts like morality, courage, kindness, help and hope. Through the literary concept of defamiliarization, the reader gains a new awareness of these issues. In her novels, essays, reviews and letters, she surprises the reader by defamiliarizing these well-known notions, loading them with new meaning and surprising the reader with the newly discovered truths which had always been there unnoticed by readers. By doing so, Penelope Fitzgerald’s aim is far from lifting the readers’ hearts. On the contrary, she tries to draw their attention to the life without any illusions, life “as it really is.”
Anahtar Kelimeler
Penelope Fitzgerald The Bookshop defamiliarization paradoxical ideas morality courage
Kaynakça
- Adlington, H. (2018). Penelope Fitzgerald. Liverpool: Northcote House Publishers.
- Austen, J. (1882). Emma. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Emerson, R. W. (1909). Essays and English Traits. Harvard: Harvard Classics.
- Fitzgerald P. (2001). The Bookshop; The Gate of Angels; The Blue Flower. London: Everyman’s Library.
- Fitzgerald, P. (2005). A House of Air: Selected Writings. London: Harper Perennial.
- Fitzgerald, P. (2009). So I Have Thought of You: The Letters of Penelope Fitzgerald. London: Fourth Estate.
- Fitzgerald, P. (2013). The Bookshop. London: Fourth Estate.
- Flower, D. (2005). A Completely Determined Human Being. The Hudson Review, 57(4), 581-592.
- Gunn, D. P. (1984). Making Art Strange: A Commentary on Defamailiarization. The Georgia Review. 38(1), 25-33.
- Hollinghurst, A. (2014). The Victory of Penelope Fitzgerald. The New York Review of Books.
- Knight, C. J. (2016). Penelope Fitzgerald and the Consolation of Fiction. New York: Taylor & Francis.
- Lee, H. (2013). Penelope Fitzgerald: A Life. London: Vintage.
- Lively, G. (2019). Narratology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Powers, K. A. (2014). Penelope Fitzgerald: A Life by Hermione Lee. Barnes and Noble.
- Powers, L. H. (1959). The Portrait of a Lady: The Eternal Mystery of Things. Nineteenth-Century Fiction. 14(2), 143-155.
- Read, B. (2014). How She Knows. The Paris Review.
- Sutcliffe, T. host. (1998). Penelope Fitzgerald and William Sieghart. A Good Read. BBC Radio 4Extra.
- Tonkin, B. (2000). ‘Mistress of the sublime’ Penelope Fitzgerald dies, 83. The Independent.
- Woolf, V. (2008). A Room of One’s Own and Three Guineas. Oxford: Oxford World’s Classics.
Öz
Bu makalenin amacı, tanınmış İngiliz yazar Penelope Fitzgerald’ın (1916-2000) Sahaf’(1978) isimli ikinci romanında yabancılaştırma tekniğini kullanma şeklini analiz etmektir. Birçok eleştirmen tarafından geç yirminci yüzyıl İngiliz romanının “sessiz dâhisi” olarak anılan Penelope Fitzgerald, kendine özgü ve zarif tarzıyla bilinmektedir. Ahlak, cesaret, nezaket, yardım etme ve umut etme gibi aşina olduğumuz kavramlara oldukça yeni ve özgün bir yorum kazandırmasından dolayı esrarengiz, ya da Rus formalist Viktor Şklovski’nin ileri sürdüğü ostranenie kavramının ustası olarak da bilinir. Edebi bir kavram olan yabancılaştırma tekniği yoluyla, okuyucu bu gibi kavramlara yeni bir farkındalık kazanır. Romanlarında, denemelerinde, incelemelerinde ve mektuplarında aşina olduğumuz bu kavramları yabancılaştırarak ve onlara yeni anlamlar yükleyerek gözlerden kaçmış saklı gerçeklerle okuyucuyu şaşırtır. Penelope Fitzgerald bunları yapmak suretiyle okura haz vermenin ötesine geçerek okurun dikkatini illüzyonsuz, “olduğu gibi” bir hayata çekmeye çalışmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Penelope Fitzgerald Sahaf yabancılaştırma tekniği paradoksal fikirler ahlak cesaret
Kaynakça
- Adlington, H. (2018). Penelope Fitzgerald. Liverpool: Northcote House Publishers.
- Austen, J. (1882). Emma. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Emerson, R. W. (1909). Essays and English Traits. Harvard: Harvard Classics.
- Fitzgerald P. (2001). The Bookshop; The Gate of Angels; The Blue Flower. London: Everyman’s Library.
- Fitzgerald, P. (2005). A House of Air: Selected Writings. London: Harper Perennial.
- Fitzgerald, P. (2009). So I Have Thought of You: The Letters of Penelope Fitzgerald. London: Fourth Estate.
- Fitzgerald, P. (2013). The Bookshop. London: Fourth Estate.
- Flower, D. (2005). A Completely Determined Human Being. The Hudson Review, 57(4), 581-592.
- Gunn, D. P. (1984). Making Art Strange: A Commentary on Defamailiarization. The Georgia Review. 38(1), 25-33.
- Hollinghurst, A. (2014). The Victory of Penelope Fitzgerald. The New York Review of Books.
- Knight, C. J. (2016). Penelope Fitzgerald and the Consolation of Fiction. New York: Taylor & Francis.
- Lee, H. (2013). Penelope Fitzgerald: A Life. London: Vintage.
- Lively, G. (2019). Narratology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Powers, K. A. (2014). Penelope Fitzgerald: A Life by Hermione Lee. Barnes and Noble.
- Powers, L. H. (1959). The Portrait of a Lady: The Eternal Mystery of Things. Nineteenth-Century Fiction. 14(2), 143-155.
- Read, B. (2014). How She Knows. The Paris Review.
- Sutcliffe, T. host. (1998). Penelope Fitzgerald and William Sieghart. A Good Read. BBC Radio 4Extra.
- Tonkin, B. (2000). ‘Mistress of the sublime’ Penelope Fitzgerald dies, 83. The Independent.
- Woolf, V. (2008). A Room of One’s Own and Three Guineas. Oxford: Oxford World’s Classics.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Filoloji |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 31 Ağustos 2020 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2020 Sayı: 50 |
Kaynak Göster
- Makale Dosyaları
Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi