An Evaluation of a Bronze Pan with the Inscription BANNAF in the Pera Museum

Year 2022, , 75 - 96, 31.12.2022

Yavuz Selim Güler

https://doi.org/10.54930/TARE.2022.2843

Abstract

The Collection of Anatolian Weights and Measures of the Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation Pera Museum has an extensive selection of objects that provides information about the economic, social, and cultural life in Anatolia, Mesopotamia, and the Mediterranean regions. Part of the collection consists of equal arm balance scales and equipment of these scales. In this article, a bronze object from the collection, a scale pan dating to the Roman period, is evaluated. This previously unpublished object is compared to other known examples of similar pans to determine its function, date the object, and examine the stamp on the pan. Since this object is the only known example of pans with BANNAF inscriptions in Turkish museums, it will greatly contribute to the understanding of pans with BANNAF inscriptions that will appear in future archaeological studies and museum research in Türkiye.

Keywords

Scale, Pan, Measurement, Negotiatores, Bannaf, Banna

Pera Müzesi’nde Bulunan BANNAF Damgalı Bir Bronz Kefe Üzerine Değerlendirme

Abstract

Suna ve İnan Kıraç Vakfı Pera Müzesi Anadolu Ağırlık ve Ölçüleri Koleksiyonu, Anadolu, Mezopotamya ve Akdeniz’in ticari, sosyal ve kültürel hayatına ışık tutan geniş bir koleksiyona sahiptir. Koleksiyonun bir kısmını iki kefeli teraziler ve bu terazilere ait parçalar oluşturmaktadır. Bu makalede koleksiyonda bulunan ve Roma Dönemi’ne tarihlenen terazi kefesi olarak tanımlanabilecek bir bronz obje üzerine değerlendirme yapılacaktır. Daha önce yayınlanmamış bu obje, kullanım alanının belirlenmesi, tarihlenmesi ve üzerindeki damganın incelenmesi için bilinen diğer benzer kefe örnekleriyle karşılaştırılacaktır. Bu obje, üzerinde BANNAF damgası bulunan kefelerin Türkiye’deki müzelerde bilinen tek örneği olduğundan gelecekte Türkiye’de yapılacak arkeolojik çalışmalarda ve müze araştırmalarında ortaya çıkacak BANNAF damgalı kefelerin anlaşılmasına yardımcı olacaktır.

Keywords

terazi, kefe, ölçü, Bannaf, Banna

Supporting Institution

Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation Pera Museum

Thanks

Pera Müzesi'nde bulunan BANNAF damgalı kefeyi çalışmama izin veren Suna ve İnan Kıraç Vakfı Kültür ve Sanat İşletmeleri Genel Müdürü Sayın M. Özalp Birol’a ve desteklerini esirgemeyen Pera Müzesi çalışanlarına teşekkürlerimi sunarım.

References

• Corti, Carla. “Per aes et libram. Le stadere di Borgo delle Orsoline (Parma, I).” Sylloge epigraphica Barcinonensis: SEBarc 17 (2019): 147–58.
• Frei-Stolba, Regula. “Die in der Schweiz gefundenen BANNA-Schälchen.” Jahrbuch Archäologie Schweiz 93 (2010): 202–7.
• Gitler, Haim, and Pierre Charrey. “A Rare Set of Eight Late Roman-Byzantine Brass Weights from Syria-Palestine.” In Festschrift für Benedikt Zäch zum 60, edited by Christian Schinzel, 119–26. SSN Schweizer Studien Zur Numismatik 5. Winterthur: Schweizerischen Numismatischen Gesellschaft, 2019.
• Güler, Yavuz Selim. “The Negotiatores Associations in the Province of Asia During the Late Republican and the Early Imperial Periods.” Master’s thesis, Koç University, 2020.
• Hourcade, David, and Marie Maury. “Un plateau de balance de précision signé BANN(A) à Bordeaux (Gironde, FR).” Instrumentum: bulletin du groupe de travail européen sur l’artisanat et les productions manufacturées dans l’Antiquité 47 (2018): 16–17.
• Janssen, Leonhard Johannes Friedrich. “Die Sammlungen vaterländischer Alterthümer aus der vor-römischen und römischen Periode, im Königreiche der Niederlande.” Jahrbücher des Vereins von Alterthumsfreunden im Rheinlande 7 (1845): 34–75.
• Jenkins, Gilbert Kenneth. Ancient Greek Coins. London: Spink, 2004.
• Jordán Cólera, Carlos. “Chronica Epigraphica Celtiberica X.” Palaeohispanica 18 (2018): 235–54.
• Kisch, Bruno. Scales and Weights: A Historical Outline. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1965.
• Κολιας, Ταξιαρχις Γ and Μαρία Χρόνη. Το επαρχικόν βιβλίον Λέοντος 6. του Σοφού: εισαγωγή, απόδοση κειμένου στη νέα ελληνική, σχολιασμός. Athens: Εκδόσεις Κανάκη, 2010.
• Krier, Jean. “BANNA-Schälchen: zu Verbreitung, Datierung und Funktion eines rätselhaften Fundobjekts der frühen Kaiserzeit.” In Instrumenta Inscripta Latina II: Akten des 2. Internationalen Kolloquiums Klagenfurt, 5.–8. Mai 2005, edited by Manfred Hainzmann and Reinhold Wedenig, 189–200. Klagenfurt: Verlag des Geschichtsvereines für Kärnten, 2008.
• Kürkman, Garo. Anatolian Weights and Measures. Istanbul: AKMED, 2003.
• Martínez-Chico, David. “Amuleto celtíbero con leyenda, un ejemplo inédito en la epigrafía ibérica.” Revista Numismática Hécate 1 (2014): 20–24.
• Martínez-Chico, David. “Platillos epigráficos de balanza en Hispania.” Sylloge Epigraphica Barcinonensis (SEBarc) 18 (2020): 147–61.
• Martínez-Chico, David. “BANNA F(ecit). Platillo Epigráfico de balanza en Antequera (Málaga).” Ficheiro Epigráfico 215 (2021): 3–6.
• Merlo, Johann Jakob. “Zur Rheinischen Epigraphik.” Jahrbücher des Vereins von Alterthumsfreunden im Rheinlande 52 (1872): 103–10.
• Pollard, A. M., and Peter Bray. “Chemical and Isotopic Studies of Ancient Metals.” In Archaeometallurgy in Global Perspective, edited by B. W. Roberts and C. P. Thornton, 217–39. New York: Springer, 2014.
• Rottländer, Rolf. “Über die Funktionstüchtigkeit der mit den Mithrassymbolen zusammen gefundenen kleinen Waagen.” Germania: Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts 66, no. 2 (1988): 498–503.
• Tekin, Oğuz. Ege Dünyasında Terazi Ağırlıkları: Klasik ve Hellenistik Dönemler. Istanbul: Türk Eskiçağ Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2015.
• Wright, R. P., and D. R. Wilson. “Roman Britain in 1963: I. Sites Explored: II. Inscriptions.” The Journal of Roman Studies 54, Parts 1 and 2 (1964): 152–85.
• Verboven, Koenraad. “Faenatores, Negotiatores, and Financial Intermediation in the Roman World (Late Republic and Early Empire).” Hellenistica 44 (2008): 221–29.
• Verboven, Koenraad. “Magistrates, Patrons and Benefactors of Collegia: Status Building and Romanisation in the Spanish, Gallic and German Provinces.” In Transforming Historical Landscapes in the Ancient Empires: Area of Research in Studies from Antiquity Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Proceedings of the First Workshop December 16–19th 2007, edited by B. Antela Bernárdez and T. Ñaco del Hoyo, 159–67. Oxford: BAR Publishing, 2009.
• Verboven, Koenraad. “Resident Aliens and Translocal Merchant Collegia in the Roman Empire.” In Frontiers in the Roman World: Proceedings of the Ninth Workshop of the International Network Impact of Empire (Durham, 16–19 April 2009), edited by Olivier Hekster and Ted Kaizer, 335–48. Leiden: Brill, 2011.
• Zagermann, Marcus. “Zwei gestempelte Waagschalen aus Oedenburg (Biesheim, dép. Haut-Rhin, France).” In In Dienste Roms: Festschrift für Hans Ulrich Nuber, edited by Gabriele Seitz, 221–23. Remshalden: Verlag Bernhard Albert Greiner, 2006.