Topluluk Destekli Balıkçılık: İstanbul'daki Küçük Ölçekli Balıkçılık Kooperatiflerinde Doğrudan Satış Pratikleri

Abstract

Amaç: Bu makale İstanbul’daki küçük ölçekli balıkçıların benimsedikleri çeşitli doğrudan satış pratiklerini ortaya çıkarmayı hedeflemektedir. Araştırma İstanbul’daki küçük ölçekli su ürünleri kooperatiflerine odaklanmakta ve onların geçim stratejilerini literatürde oldukça yeni bir alan olan Topluluk Destekli Balıkçılık modelleri perspektifinden incelemektedir. Tasarım/metodoloji/yaklaşım: Araştırmada nitel yöntemler kullanılarak, İstanbul’daki 19 su ürünleri kooperatifinden temsilciler, sivil toplum örgütleri, araştırmacılar ve İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi’nin tarım ve balıkçılık ile ilgili uzmanlarından oluşan 34 kişiyle yarı yapılandırılmış derinlemesine görüşme gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular: Araştırma bulguları ile küçük ölçekli balıkçıların ve kooperatiflerinin, özellikle de endüstriyel balıkçılık ve endüstriyelleşmiş gıda sistemi karşısında maruz kaldıkları ekonomik, ekolojik ve politik güçlükler tartışılmış ve bunlar sebebiyle başvurdukları geçim stratejileri ve satış modelleri değerlendirilmiştir. İstanbul özelinde kullanılan farklı doğrudan satış modelleri ve pratikleri incelenerek, bunların balıkçılara yararları ve sınırları tartışılmış, bulgular küresel Topluluk Destekli Balıkçılık pratikleri literatürüne referansla incelenmiştir. Özgünlük/değer: Bu makale tarım ve balıkçılık ekonomisi, politik ekonomi ve küçük ölçekli balıkçılık yönetişimi literatürlerine ve özellikle de tarım ve balıkçılıktaki topluluk destekli modeller perspektifine odaklanarak bu literatüre katkıda bulunmaktadır.

Keywords

• Topluluk Destekli Balıkçılık
• küçük ölçekli balıkçılık
• doğrudan satış modelleri
• balıkçılık yönetişimi
• İstanbul
• Türkiye

Community Supported Fisheries: Diverse Strategies of Direct Sales Practices in Istanbul’s Small-Scale Fishing Cooperatives

Abstract

Purpose: This article aims to understand diverse forms of direct sales practices of small-scale fishers in Istanbul, Turkey. The research focuses on small-scale fishing cooperatives in Istanbul and examines their livelihood strategies from the perspective of Community Supported Fisheries models. Design/Methodology/Approach: We have used qualitative research methods and conducted 34 in-depth interviews with representatives from 19 small-scale fishing cooperatives in Istanbul as well as from NGOs, researchers and Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality. Findings: We found that small-scale fishers and their cooperatives are suffering from economic, ecological, and political pressure of industrial fisheries and industrialized food system, and they use diverse forms of livelihood strategies in order to confront these challenges. In Istanbul, we scrutinized these diverse models and examined their benefits, challenges, and limitations as well as discussed their links to different Community Supported Fisheries practices from around the world. Originality/value: The study thus contributes to literatures on agricultural and fisheries economics, political economy, and small-scale fishing governance with a specific focus on community supported models used in agriculture and fisheries.

Keywords

• Community Supported Fisheries
• small-scale fisheries
• direct sales models
• fisheries governance
• Istanbul
• Turkey

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