Tarımsal atıklardan elde edilen biyokömürün buğday bitkisinin gelişimi ve bazı toprak özellikleri üzerine etkileri

Öz

Tavuk altlığı ve fındık kabuğu biyokömürü uygulamalarının, toprağın bazı kimyasal özellikleri ve buğday verim parametreleri üzerine olan etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla, Ankara İli Haymana ilçesinde bir yıl süreli tarla denemesi kurulmuştur. Bu kapsamda, biyokömür materyalleri tek başlarına 150 ve 300 kg da-1 dozlarında ve kimyasal gübrelerle birlikte (kaç cm?) toprak derinliğine tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre uygulanmıştır. Hasat sonrası alınan toprak örneklerinde yapılan analizlere göre, toprağa uygulanan biyokömürler, toprağın organik madde, azot, kireç, pH, EC, iz element ve ağır metal kapsamları üzerinde önemli etkide bulunmamış, ancak fosfor, potasyum, kalsiyum ve magnezyum kapsamlarını önemli derecede artırmıştır. Tavuk altlığı biyokömürünün fındıkkabuğu biyokömürüne göre daha etkili olmuş, biyokömürlerin tek başlarına uygulanmasından ziyade DAP gübresiyle birlikte uygulanması durumunda verim, bitki boyu ve başakta tane sayısı üzerinde en fazla etkiye sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Toprağa uygulanan biyokömürler danenin P, K, Ca ve Mg kapsamına etki etmiş ve danede en yüksek element içerikleri ise biyokömürlerin kimyasal gübreyle birlikte uygulandığında elde edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biyokömür,tavul altlığı,fındık kabuğu,buğday,toprak özellikleri

The effects of biochars obtained from agricultural wastes on wheat plant growth and some soil properties

Öz

In order to determine the effects of poultry litter and hazelnutshell biochar applications on some soil chemical properties and wheat growth criteria, a field experiment had been conducted in Haymana District of Ankara for one year. Within this scope, biochar materials were applied to 0-? cm soil depth in doses of 150 and 300 kg da-1 alone and together with chemical fertilizers according to the randomized plot experimental design. According to the test results of soil samples taken after harvest, biochar applications did not have significant impact on organic matter, nitrogen, lime, pH, EC, trace element and, heavy metal contents of soil, but significantly increased phosphorous, potassium, calcium and magnesium contents. It was found that poultry litter biochar was more effective than the nutshell biochar, and the applications of biochars together with DAP (diammonium phosphate) fertilizer to soil rather than the application of biochars alone were more effective on plant length and wheat grain number on spike. The biochars applications into soil affected P, K, Ca and Mg contents of grain, and the highest nutrient contents in grain were obtained when biochars applied together with the chemical fertilizers.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biochar,poultry litter,hazelnut shell,wheat,soil properties

Kaynakça

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