Application of the Mitscherlich-Bray equation in the estimation of nitrogen fertilizer requirements of bread wheat grown in dry and irrigated conditions

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 150 - 158, 27.12.2022

Ayşegül Korkmaz , Fatma Gökmen Yılmaz , Mustafa Harmankaya , Sait Gezgin

https://doi.org/10.33409/tbbbd.1155596

Öz

This study aimed to determine the nitrogen requirement of bread wheat by using the Mitscherlich-Bray Equation, depending on the increase in the yield and increasing doses of nitrogen applications with the amount of KCl and extractable NO3-N in the soil in dry and irrigated conditions. The experiments were carried out according to the randomized blocks trial design using urea (46% N) fertilizer 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 kg N da-1 at nitrogen doses were applied in dry conditions while in irrigated conditions were used at a rate of 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 kg N da-1. As a result of the study, it was determined to have an essential relationship between NO3-N content extractable with KCl in the soil and increasing yield. This situation showed that the Mitscherlich-Bray equation could be used. The equations log (100-y)= log 100-b1*0.091-0.107*x for dry conditions and log (100-y)= log 100-b1*0.043-0.076*x for irrigated conditions were determined In defining the nitrogen requirement of the plant. In addition, the theoretical maximum yield in bread wheat was found at 435 kg da-1 in dry conditions, and 574.3 kg da-1 in irrigated conditions. For a production targeting 90% of the theoretical maximum yield of bread wheat, it was determined that the NO3-N content in the soil had 10 kg or above in dry conditions and 22 kg or above in irrigated conditions. Therefore, increasing crops could be provided in this case, but an economic analysis was required. Consequently, using insufficient or excessive nitrogen fertilizer could be economically prevented to the amount of nitrogen fertilizer required dose determined by using the Mitscherlich-Bray equation for bread wheat in dry and irrigated conditions. Furthermore, using fertilizer as needed will contribute significantly to the economy of producers and the country.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Wheat, KCl metod, dry, Mitscherlich-Bray, irrigated

Kuru ve sulu koşullarda yetiştirilen ekmeklik buğdayın azotlu gübre gereksinimlerinin tahmin edilmesinde Mitscherlich-Bray eşitliğinin uygulanması

Öz

Bu çalışmada, kuru ve sulu koşullarda artan dozlarda azot uygulamalarının üründe sağladığı arıtışa ve toprakta bulunan KCl ile ekstrakte edilebilir NO3-N’u miktarına bağlı olarak Mitscherlich-Bray Eşitliği kullanılarak ekmeklik buğdayın azot ihtiyacının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre kuru koşullarda yürütülen denemelerde dekara 0, 3, 6, 9 ve 12 kg N uygulanırken sulu koşullarda 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 ve 24 kg N olacak şekilde üre (%46 N) gübresi kullanılarak uygulanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, topraktaki KCl ile ekstrakte edilebilir NO3-N içeriği ile ürün artışı arasında elde edilen ilişkinin önemli olduğu ve Mitscherlich-Bray eşitliğinin kullanılabileceği belirlenmiştir. Bitkinin azot ihtiyacının belirlenmesinde kuru koşullar için log (100-y)= log 100-b1*0.091-0.107*x ve sulu koşullar için log (100-y)= log 100-b1*0.043-0.076*x eşitlikleri belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca kuru koşullarda teorik maksimum verim 435 kg da-1 iken sulu koşullarda 574.3 kg da-1 olduğu bulunmuştur. Ekmeklik buğdayın teorik maksimum verimin %90’ını hedef alan bir üretim için kuru koşullarda toprakta 10 kg veya daha fazla, sulu koşullarda ise 22 kg veya daha fazla NO3-N’u olması gerektiği belirlenmiştir. Bu durumda üründe artışlar sağlanabildiği ancak ekonomik analizin yapılması gerekliği ifade edilmiştir. Sonuçta, kuru ve sulu koşullarda ekmeklik buğday için Mitscherlich-Bray eşitliği kullanarak belirlenmiş ve ekonomik olarak uygulanması gerekli azotlu gübre miktarları, eksik veya gereğinden fazla azotlu gübre kullanımın önüne geçecektir. Dahası, ihtiyaç kadar gübre kullanımı ile hem üreticiler hem de ülke ekonomisine büyük katkılar sağlanacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Buğday, KCl metodu, kuru, Mitscherlich-Bray, sulu

Kaynakça

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