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Skrotal Hiperpigmentasyonu Olan Yenidoğan Bebeklerin Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2018, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 6 - 9, 01.04.2018

Abstract

Amaç: Konjenital adrenal hiperplazi (KAH) adrenal kortekste kortizol sentezinde rol oynayan beş enzimden birinin eksikliğine bağlı gelişen, otozomal resesif kalıtılan bir hastalık grubudur. KAH olgularının % 90’ından fazlasını 21-hidroksilaz enzim eksikliği oluşturmaktadır. KAH uygun tanı yöntemleri bulunan, kolay ve ucuz tedavisi olan bir hastalıktır. Erken tanı mortalite ve morbiditeyi azaltmak için önem taşımaktadır. Diğer yandan; erkek bebeklerde hekimi uyaracak kuşkulu genital yapı bulunmadığı için KAH tanısında gecikmeler olmakta ve bu bebeklere ancak ciddi adrenal yetmezlik geliştiğinde tanı konulabilmektedir. Bu nedenle pek çok ülkede 21-hidroksilaz eksikliğinde artan bir ara metabolit olan 17-OHP düzeyine topuk kanından bakılarak hastalık yenidoğan döneminde taranmaktadır. Ülkemizde KAH taraması yapılmamaktadır. Çalışmamızın amacı, skrotal hiperpigmentasyon saptanan asemptomatik erkek yenidoğanlarda KAH sıklığının belirlenmesi, erken tanı ve tedavinin öneminin vurgulanmasıdır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Ankara Keçiören Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Yenidoğan Polikliniğinde fizik muayene sırasında skrotal hiperpigmentasyon saptanan asemptomatik 82 erkek bebek çalışmaya dahil edildi. Bebeklerin gestasyonel yaşı, doğum ağırlığı, vücut ağırlığı, vücut boyları ve diğer fizik muayene notları, serum biyokimya değerleri ve 17-hidroksiprogeseron düzeyleri (17-OHP) kaydedildi.Bulgular: Çalışmamıza dahil edilen 82 skrotal hiperpigmentasyonu olan erkek yenidoğan bebeğin %3.65’inde (n=3) KAH hastalığı saptandı. 2’si tuz kaybettiren KAH tanısı alırken, 1’i basit virilizan KAH tanısı aldı.Sonuç: Fizik muayenede skrotal hiperpigmentasyon erkek yenidoğanlarda KAH hastalığının erken tanısı için önemlidir. Skrotal hiperpigmentasyonu olan yenidoğanlar KAH açısından mutlaka değerlendirilmelidir.

References

  • Bruque CD, Delea M, Fernández CS, Orza JV, Taboas M, Buzzalino N, et al. Structure-based activity prediction of CYP21A2 stability variants: A survey of available gene variations. Sci Rep 2016:14;39082.
  • Chan CL, McFann K, Taylor L, Wright D, Zeitler PS, Barker JM. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia and the second newborn screen. J Pediatr 2013;163:109-13.e1.
  • Nour MA, Pacaud D. Height augmentation in 11β-hydroxylase deficiency congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Int J Pediatr Endocrinol 2015;2015:12.
  • Speiser PW, Azziz R, Baskin LS, Ghizzoni L, Hensle TW, Merke DP, et al. A summary of the endocrine society clinical practice guidelines on congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Int J Pediatr Endocrinol 2010;2010:494173.
  • Speiser PW, White PC. Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia. N Engl J Med 2003; 349:776-88.
  • Riepe FG, Krone N, Viemann M, Partsch CJ, Sippell WG. Manage- ment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia: Results of the ESPE ques- tionnaire. Horm Res 2002;58:196-205.
  • White PC, Speiser PW. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Endocr Rev 2000;21:245-91.
  • Pang S, Shook MK. Current status of neonatal screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Curr Opin Pediatr 1997;9:219-23.
  • Kandemir N, Yordam N. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia in Turkey: A review of 273 patients. Acta Paediatr 1997;86: 22-5.
  • Yeşilkaya E, Sarı E. Yenidoğan konjenital adrenal hiperplazi taraması. TAF Prev Med Bull 2016;15:51-7.
  • Gudmundsson K. Majzoub JA, Bradwin G, Mandel S, Rifai N. Virilising 21-hydroxylase deficiency: Timing of newborn screening and confirmatory tests can be crucial. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 1999;12:895-901.
  • Pearce M, DeMartino L, McMahon R, Hamel R, Maloney B, Stansfield DM et al. Newborn screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia in New York State. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2016; 12:1- 7.
  • Van der Kamp HJ, Wit JM. Neonatal screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Eur J Endocrinol 2004;151:71-5.
  • White PC. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001;15:17-41.

The Evaluation of Newborns with Scrotal Hyperpigmentation

Year 2018, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 6 - 9, 01.04.2018

Abstract

Objective: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a group of disorders with autosomal recessive inheritance, caused by a deficiency of one of five enzymes needed for cortisol biosynthesis in adrenal cortex. %90 of CAH patients have deficiency of the 21- hydroxylase enzyme. Treatment of CAH is inexpensive and easy with an early diagnosis. Early diagnosis is very important for salt-wasting CAH to prevent mortality and morbidity. On the other hand, the diagnosis can be confusing in the male sex due to the lack of physical examination findings and severe acute adrenal crisis may develop. Many countries use a CAH screening program based on 17-OHP levels from heel-stick blood samples on filter paper is applied. However, there is no screening program for CAH in Turkey. In this study, we aimed to diagnose nonsymptomatic male CAH patients with scrotal hyperpigmentation to emphasize early diagnosis and treatment.Material and Methods: 82 male newborns where scrotal hyperpigmentation had been detected at the Keçiören Research and Educational Hospital Neonatology Clinic were included in the study. Gestational week, birth weight, maternal age, postnatal day, physical examination and laboratory findings were recorded. Results: Three of the 82 newborns with scrotal hyperpigmentation (3.65%) were diagnosed with CAH. Two of them were diagnosed with salt wasting CAH and the other with simple virilizing CAH.Conclusion: On physical examination, scrotal hyperpigmentation is important for early diagnosis of CAH in the male sex. Newborns with scrotal hyperpigmentation should be examined more carefully regarding CAH

References

  • Bruque CD, Delea M, Fernández CS, Orza JV, Taboas M, Buzzalino N, et al. Structure-based activity prediction of CYP21A2 stability variants: A survey of available gene variations. Sci Rep 2016:14;39082.
  • Chan CL, McFann K, Taylor L, Wright D, Zeitler PS, Barker JM. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia and the second newborn screen. J Pediatr 2013;163:109-13.e1.
  • Nour MA, Pacaud D. Height augmentation in 11β-hydroxylase deficiency congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Int J Pediatr Endocrinol 2015;2015:12.
  • Speiser PW, Azziz R, Baskin LS, Ghizzoni L, Hensle TW, Merke DP, et al. A summary of the endocrine society clinical practice guidelines on congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Int J Pediatr Endocrinol 2010;2010:494173.
  • Speiser PW, White PC. Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia. N Engl J Med 2003; 349:776-88.
  • Riepe FG, Krone N, Viemann M, Partsch CJ, Sippell WG. Manage- ment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia: Results of the ESPE ques- tionnaire. Horm Res 2002;58:196-205.
  • White PC, Speiser PW. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Endocr Rev 2000;21:245-91.
  • Pang S, Shook MK. Current status of neonatal screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Curr Opin Pediatr 1997;9:219-23.
  • Kandemir N, Yordam N. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia in Turkey: A review of 273 patients. Acta Paediatr 1997;86: 22-5.
  • Yeşilkaya E, Sarı E. Yenidoğan konjenital adrenal hiperplazi taraması. TAF Prev Med Bull 2016;15:51-7.
  • Gudmundsson K. Majzoub JA, Bradwin G, Mandel S, Rifai N. Virilising 21-hydroxylase deficiency: Timing of newborn screening and confirmatory tests can be crucial. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 1999;12:895-901.
  • Pearce M, DeMartino L, McMahon R, Hamel R, Maloney B, Stansfield DM et al. Newborn screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia in New York State. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2016; 12:1- 7.
  • Van der Kamp HJ, Wit JM. Neonatal screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Eur J Endocrinol 2004;151:71-5.
  • White PC. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001;15:17-41.
There are 14 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA26HD28VB
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Güler Selen This is me

Derya Buluş This is me

Fatih Mehmet Kışlal This is me

Publication Date April 1, 2018
Submission Date April 1, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 12 Issue: 1

Cite

Vancouver Selen G, Buluş D, Kışlal FM. The Evaluation of Newborns with Scrotal Hyperpigmentation. Türkiye Çocuk Hast Derg. 2018;12(1):6-9.


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