Strain Analysis of Multiple Cracking Fiber Reinforced Composites by Digital Image Correlation: Evaluation of Parameter Effects

Abstract

In this study, strain of fiber reinforced composites exhibiting multiple cracking under tensile load was compared by using traditional deformation meter (LVDT-Linear Variable Differential Transformer) and digital image correlation (DIC) method. In the DIC method, analyzes were performed by taking the influence of light (presence of controlled illumination), image resolution, subset size and step size parameters and two different methods of correlation into account. If appropriate subset size is selected, the strain values obtained by DIC analysis corresponded to the values obtained from LVDTs when images are taken under controlled lighting and high resolution conditions.

Keywords

• Digital image correlation,illumination,resolution,subset,step size,correlation methods

Çoklu Çatlayan Lifli Kompozitlerin Birim Deformasyonunun Dijital Görüntü Korelasyonu ile Analizi: Parametre Etkilerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada çekme yüklemesi altında çoklu çatlak davranışı sergileyen lifli kompozitlerin birim deformasyonları geleneksel deformasyon ölçer (LVDT) ve dijital görüntü korelasyonu (DIC) yöntemiyle incelenerek kıyaslanmıştır. DIC yönteminde ışık etkisi (kontrollü aydınlatma varlığı), görüntü çözünürlüğü, alt küme boyutu ve adım aralığı parametreleri ile iki farklı korelasyon yöntemi dikkate alınarak analizler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Uygun alt küme boyutunun seçilmesi ve görüntülerin kontrollü aydınlatma ile yüksek çözünürlük koşullarında alınması durumunda, DIC analizi sonucu elde edilen birim deformasyon değerleri, LVDT’lerden elde edilen değerler ile örtüşmektedir. 

Keywords

• Dijital görüntü korelasyonu,aydınlatma,çözünürlük,alt küme,analiz adım aralığı,korelasyon yöntemleri

References

1. [1] Dhawale, A. W., & Joshi, V. P., Engineered cementitious composites for structural applications, International journal of application or Innovation in Engineering & Management, 2, 198-205, 2013.
2. [2] Sherir, M. A., Hossain, K. M. A., & Lachemi, M., MAT-731: Mechanical & Durability Properties Of Engineered Cementitious Composites With Different Aggregates, 2016.
3. [3] Li, V. C., Can Concrete Be Bendable? The notoriously brittle building material may yet stretch instead of breaking, American Scientist, 100(6), 484-93, 2012.
4. [4] Li, V. C, Miahra D.K., Wu H. C., Matrix Design for Pseudo Strain-Hardening Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composites, Materials and structures, pp. 586, 1995.
5. [5] Ohno, M., & Li, V. C., A feasibility study of strain hardening fiber reinforced fly ash-based geopolymer composites, Construction and Building Materials, 57, 163-168, 2014.
6. [6] Felekoglu, B., & Keskinates, M., Multiple cracking analysis of HTPP-ECC by digital image correlation method, Computers and Concrete, 17(6), 831-848, 2016.
7. [7] Pérez, J. A., Coppieters, S., & Debruyne, D., Influence of the Paint Coating Thickness in Digital Image Correlation Experiments, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Computer, Electrical, Automation, Control and Information Engineering, 9(7), 1660-1664, 2015.
8. [8] Aydın, M., Wu, X., Çetinkaya, K., Kadı, İ., & Yaşar, M., Application of Digital Image Correlation in Uniaxial Tensile Test, European Journal of Engineering and Natural Sciences, 1(1), 2015.

9. [9] Kashfuddoja, M., Prasath, R. G. R., & Ramji, M., Study on experimental characterization of carbon fiber reinforced polymer panel using digital image correlation: A sensitivity analysis, Optics and Lasers in Engineering, 62, 17-30, 2014.
10. [10] Pan, B., Tian, L., & Song, X., Real-time, non-contact and targetless measurement of vertical deflection of bridges using off-axis digital image correlation, NDT & E International, 79, 73-80, 2016.
11. [11] Liu, X. Y., Li, R. L., Zhao, H. W., Cheng, T. H., Cui, G. J., Tan, Q. C., & Meng, G. W., Quality assessment of speckle patterns for digital image correlation by Shannon entropy, Optik-International Journal for Light and Electron Optics, 126(23), 4206-4211, 2015.
12. [12] Liang, Z., Yin, B., Liu, H., Mo, J., & Wang, S., Displacement measurement of specimen surfaces with dam aged areas by digital image correlation, Measurement, 76, 183-188, 2015.
13. [13] Chen, X., Yang, L., Xu, N., Xie, X., Sia, B., & Xu, R., Cluster approach based multi-camera digital image correlation: Methodology and its application in large area high temperature measurement, Optics & Laser Technology, 57, 318-326, 2014.
14. [14] Haddadi, H., & Belhabib, S., Use of rigid-body motion for the investigation and estimation of the measurement errors related to digital image correlation technique, Optics and Lasers in Engineering, 46(2), 185-196, 2008.
15. [15] Hedayat, A., & Ashur, S., Digital image correlation and its application in an undergraduate Civil Engineering Materials Laboratory, 2015.
16. [16] Cooreman, S., Lecompte, D., Sol, H., Vantomme, J., & Debruyne, D., Identification of mechanical material behavior through inverse modeling and DIC, Experimental Mechanics, 48(4), 421-433, 2008.
17. [17] Khoo, S. W., Karuppanan, S., & Tan, C. S., A Review of Surface Deformation and Strain Measurement Using Two-Dimensional Digital Image Correlation, Metrology and Measurement Systems, 23(3), 461-480, 2016.
18. [18] Bomarito, G. F., Hochhalter, J. D., & Cannon, A. H., Image Correlation Pattern Optimization for Micro-Scale In-Situ Strain Measurements, 2016.
19. [19] Ke, X. D., Schreier, H. W., Sutton, M. A., & Wang, Y. Q., Error assessment in stereo-based deformation measurements, Experimental Mechanics, 51(4), 423-441, 2011.
20. [20] Sutton, M. A., Orteu, J. J., & Schreier, H., Image correlation for shape, motion and deformation measurements: basic concepts, theory and applications, Springer Science & Business Media, 2009.
21. [21] Japan Society of Civil Engineers (JSCE), Recommendations for design and construction of high performance fiber reinforced cement composites with multiple fine cracks (HPFRCC), Tokyo, Japan, 1–88, 2008.
22. [22] Reu, P., Stereo‐Rig Design: Creating the Stereo‐Rig Layout–Part 1, Experimental Techniques, 36(5), 3-4, 2012.
23. [23] Yang, Y., Sun, P., Nagarajaiah, S., Bachilo, S. M., & Weisman, R. B., Full-field, high-spatial-resolution detection of local structural damage from low-resolution random strain field measurements, Journal of Sound and Vibration, 399, 75-85, 2017.
24. [24] Chu, T. C., Ranson, W. F., & Sutton, M. A., Applications of digital-image-correlation techniques to experimental mechanics, Experimental mechanics, 25(3), 232-244, 1985.