Examination of the Efficiency of Retrofitting Methods through Fragility Analysis

Year 2019, Volume: 30 Issue: 4, 9243 - 9260, 01.07.2019

Murat Serdar Kırçıl , Erdem Çağlar Kocabey

https://doi.org/10.18400/tekderg.408126

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Turkey has several devastating earthquakes throughout its history since it is being located in a highly seismically active region. Thus, seismic evaluation and retrofitting of the existing structures to decrease the potential damage of the future earthquakes is an essential part of the earthquake response plans. The aim of this study is to examine the efficiency of widely used two retrofitting methods of existing structures through fragility analysis. Fragility curves are useful tools to show the probability of structural damage due to earthquakes as a function of ground motion indices. Fragility curves of a hypothetical residential building which represents the existing building stock have been generated. Furthermore, fragility curves of two retrofitted building have also been obtained. The first one is a frame with jacketed columns and the second one has additional shear walls to the existing frame. Fragility curves have been obtained based on both local and global damage criteria limits in terms of interstory drift ratio. The obtained damage probabilities have shown that the damage criteria either local or global used for the generation of fragility curves are significantly effective on the results. Differences in damage probability indicate the importance of the damage criteria and corresponding limits used for the determination of damage probability.

Keywords

Fragility curve, Damage probability, Incremental dynamic analysis

References

• [1] Ay, B. Ö., Erberik, M. A., Vulnerability of Turkish Low-Rise and Mid-Rise Reinforced Concrete Frame Structures. J. Earthq. Eng., 12(S2), 2–11, 2008.
• [2] Kirçil, M. S., Polat, Z., Fragility analysis of mid-rise R/C frame buildings. Eng. Struct., 28(2006), 1335-1345, 2006.
• [3] Borekci, M., Kirçil M.S., Fragility analysis of R/C frame buildings based on different types of hysteretic model. Struct. Eng. Mech., 39(6), 795–812, 2011.
• [4] Martins , L., Silva, V., Marques, M., Crowley, H., Delgado, R., Development and assessment of damage-to-loss models for moment-frame reinforced concrete buildings. Earthq. Eng.& Struc. Dyn., 45(5), 797–817, 2016.
• [5] Akkar, S.,Sucuoglu, A. Displacement-Based Fragility Functions for Low- and Mid-rise Ordinary Concrete Buildings. Earthq. Spect., 21(4), 901-927, 2005.
• [6] Langa, K., Bachmann, H. (2004), On the Seismic Vulnerability of Existing Buildings: A Case Study of the City of Basel. Earthq. Spect., 20(1), 43–66, 2004.
• [7] Kazantzi, A.K., Righiniotis, T.D., Chryssanthopoulos, M.K., A Simplified Fragility Methodology for Regular Steel MRFs. J. of Struct. Eng., 15, 390–403, 2011.
• [8] Ji, J., Kuchma, A.D.,Elnashai, A.S., Seismic Fragility Relationship of Reinforced Concrete High-Rise Buildings. The Struc. Des. Tall and Special Buildings, 18, 259-277, 2009.
• [9] Ellingwood, B.R., Celik, O.C., Kinali, K., Fragility assessment of building structural systems in Mid-America. Earthq. Eng.& Struc. Dyn., 36, 1935–1952, 2007.
• [10] Pasticier, L., Amadio, C., Fragiacomo, M., Non-linear seismic analysis and vulnerability evaluation of a masonry building by means of the SAP2000 V.10 code. Earthq. Eng.& Struc. Dyn., 37, 467-485, 2008.
• [11] Inel, M., Ozmen, H.B., Seismic performance evaluation of school buildings in Turkey. Struct. Eng. Mech., 30(5), 535-558, 2008.
• [12] Senel, S.M., Kayhan, A.H., Fragility based damage assesment in existing precast industrial buildings: A case study for Turkey. Struct. Eng. Mech., 34(1), 39-60, 2010.
• [13] Silva, V., Crowley, H., V., Humberto, Pinho, R., Sousa, L., Investigation of the characteristics of Portuguese regular moment-frame RC buildings and development of a vulnerability model. Bull. of Earthq. Eng., 13(5), 1455-1490, 2015.
• [16] Jeong, S.H., Mwafy, A.M., Elnashai, A.S., Probabilistic seismic performance assessment of code-compliant multi-story RC buildings. Eng. Struct., 34 (2012), 527–537, 2012.
• [17] Casotto, C., Silva, V., Crowley, H., Nascimbene, R., Pinho, R., Seismic fragility of Italian RC precast industrial structures. Eng. Struct., 94 (2015), 122–136, 2015.
• [18] Hueste, M.B.D., Bai, J.W., Seismic retrofit of a reinforced concrete flat-slab structure: Part II-seismic fragility analysis. Eng. Struct., 29 (2007), 1178–1188, 2007.
• [19] Turkish Seismic Design Code, Specifications for buildings to be built in seismic zones, Ankara, Turkey, Ministry of Public Works and Settlement, 2000.
• [20] Rosetto, T. and Elnashai, A.E., Derivation of vulnerability functions for European-type RC structures based on observational data. Eng. Struct., 25(10), 1241-1263, 2003.
• [21] Vamvatsikos, D., Cornell, C.A., Incremental Dynamic Analysis. Earthq. Eng.& Struc. Dyn., 31(3), 491-514, 2001.
• [22] Seismostruct, Software for Finite Element Analysis of Structures, Seismosoft Inc., Pavia, Italy, 2014. www.seismosoft.com/seismostruct
• [23] Kwou, O., Elnashai, S.A., The Effect of Material and Ground Motion Uncertainty on the Seismic Vulnerability Curves of RC Structures. Eng. Struct., 28, 289-303, 2006.