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Discharge Coefficients for Radial-Gated Ogee Spillways by Laboratory Data and by Design of Small Dams

Year 2021, Volume: 32 Issue: 4, 10919 - 10945, 01.07.2021

Tefaruk Haktanır , Mohammed Khalaf

https://doi.org/10.18400/tekderg.540640

Abstract

Using the measured data on 15 laboratory models in USA, six models and one prototype in Turkey, the discharge coefficients (C’s) of radial-gated ogee spillways for various gate openings and lake water surface elevations are computed. Comparison of these C’s for 22 spillways with the ones given by Figure 9-31 of Design of Small Dams does not show close agreements. It is determined that C depends on both the angle Ɵ and the ratio d/H1, rather than Ɵ only where d and H1 are the gate opening and the upstream head, and statistically significant regression equations are computed individually for each one of 22 cases.

Keywords

discharge coefficient for partially-opened radial-gated spillways ogee spillways coefficient

References

  • [1] USBR, Design of Small Dams, Second edition, US Department of The Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, US Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1973.
  • [2] USBR, Design of Small Dams, A Water Resources Technical Publication, Third edition, US Department of The Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, US Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1987.
  • [3] DSI, Ilısu Dam and Hydroelectric Power Plant, Hydraulic Report of Flood Spillway, Rep–14.160/0030–Rev.1. Colenco Power Engineering Ltd, IM Magia Engineering, Dolsar Engineering, Rast Engineering Ltd., Dams and Hydroelectric Power Plants Department, General Directorate of State Water Works, Ankara, Turkey, 2010.
  • [4] Enerjisa, Hydraulic Design of Flood Spillway of Kavsak Dam. Enerjisa Engineering Ltd, Istanbul, Turkey, 2009.
  • [5] Sanko, Final Feasibility Report of Yedigoze Dam and HPP Volume 1, Appendix-4: Hydraulic Design of Flood Spillway (in Turkish). Sanko Engineering and Consulting Inc., Cetin Emec Boulevard, 6th Street, No: 61/7, 06520 Balgat, Ankara, Turkey, 2007.
  • [6] Temelsu, Final Design Project of Bayramhacılı Dam and HPP, Chapter 3.1: Hydraulic Design of Flood Spillway (in Turkish). Temelsu Engineering and Consulting Inc., Ankara, Turkey, 2007.
  • [7] USACE, Hydraulic Design Criteria, Volume 2, Tainter Gates on Spillway Crests, Sheets 311-1 to 311-5. Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Mississippi River Commission, Waterways Experimentation Station, Vicksburg, Mississippi, USA, 1987.
  • [8] Mazumdar, S. K. and Roy, I. D., Orifice flow in a gated spillway. ISH Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 3(2), 44–52, DOI: 10.1080/09715010.1997.10514609, 1997.
  • [9] Savage, B. M. and Johnson, M. C., Flow over ogee spillway: Physical and numerical model case study. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, 127(8), 640–649, 2001.
  • [10] Kim, G. D. and Park, J. H., Analysis of flow structure over ogee-spillway in consideration of scale and roughness effects by using CFD model. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 9(2), 161–169, DOI: 10.1007/BF02829067, 2005.
  • [11] Alhashimi, S. A. M., CFD modeling of flow over ogee spillway by using different turbulent models. International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology Research, 2(15), 1682–1687, 2013.
  • [12] Bagatur, T. and Onen, F., Computation of design coefficients in ogee-crested spillway structure using GEP and regression models. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 20(2), 951–959. DOI 10.1007/s12205–015–0648–x, 2016.
  • ]13] Ansar, M. and Chen, Z., Generalized flow rating equations at prototype gated spillways. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, 135(7), 602–608, 2009.
  • [14] Bahajantri, M. R., Eldho, T. I., Deolalikar, P. B., Numerical modeling of turbulent flow through spillway with gated operation. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 72, 221–243. DOI: 10.1002/nme.2016, 2007.
  • [15] Saunders, K., Prakash, M., Cleary, P. W., Cordell, M., Application of Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics for modeling gated spillway flows. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 38, 4308–4322, DOI: 10.1016/j.apm.2014.05.008, 2014.
  • [16] Schohl, G. A., Discharge Correlations for Spillways with Radial Gates. In B. Crookston & B. Tullis (Eds.), Hydraulic Structures and Water System Management. 6th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures, Portland, OR, 27–30 June (pp. 641–651). Doi: 10.15142/T34106228160853 (ISBN 978–1–884575–75–4), 2016.
  • [17] Haug, P. E., Spillway Capacity and Discharge Uncertainty – Why Do Rating Curves Rarely Agree with Flow Measurement Records? (http://www.ayresassociates.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/Spillway-Rating-Curves-Flow-Studies.pdf), 2014.
  • [18] Haktanir, T., Citakoglu, H., Kucukgoncu, H., An efficient algorithm for ogee spillway discharge with partially-opened radial gates by the method of Design of Small Dams and comparison of current and previous methods. The International Journal of Engineering and Science (IJES), 5(7), 13–26, ISSN (e): 2319 – 1813 ISSN (p): 2319 – 1805, 2016.
  • [19] USBR, Hydraulic Model Studies of Boysen Dam Spillway, Report No: 212,US Department of The Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Engineering Laboratories Branch, Design and Construction Division, Denver, Colorado, USA, 1952.
  • [20] USBR, Hydraulic Model Studies on Norton Dam Spillway, Missouri River Basin Project, Kanas, Report No: Hyd-493, US Department of The Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Hydraulic Branch, Division of Research, Office of Assistant Commissioner and Chief Engineer, Denver, Colorado, USA, 1962.
  • [21] USBR, Hydraulic Model Studies of the Spillway Glen Elder Dam, Missouri River Basin Project, Kansas, Report No: Hyd-561, US Department of The Interior Bureau of Reclamation, Hydraulic Branch, Division of Research, Office of Chief Engineer, Denver, Colorado, USA, 1966.
  • [22] USBR, Hydraulic Model Studies of Toa Vaca Dam Spillway, Puerto Rico Water Resources Authority, Report No: REC-OCE-70-42, US Engineering and Research Center Bureau of Reclamation, Division of General Research, Denver, Colorado, USA, 1970.
  • [23] USBR, Hydraulic Model Studies of McPhee Dam Spillway, Report No: GR-81-2, US Engineering and Research Center Bureau of Reclamation, Hydraulic Branch, Division of Research, Denver, Colorado, USA, 1981.
  • [24] USBR, Physical Hydraulic Model Studies of Folsom Dam Emergency Spillway, Tainter Gate Alternatives, Report No: HL-2014-01, US Department of The Interior Bureau of Reclamation, Technical Service Center, Hydraulic Investigation and Laboratories Services, Denver, Colorado, USA, 2014.
  • [25] USACE, Report on Model Studies of Spillway for Kaysinger Bluff Dam Osage River, Missouri, Hydraulic Model Investigation, Report No: TR/2-809, US Department of The Army Engineer, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss., USA, 1968.
  • [26] USACE, Report on Model Studies of Spillway for Oakley Dam, Sangamon River, Hydraulic Model Investigation, Technical Report TR-H-70-13. Hydraulics Laboratory, US Department of The Army Engineer, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss., USA, 1970.
  • [27] USACE, Report on Model Studies of Spillway for Oakley Dam Sangamon River, Illinois. Appendix A: Type 2 (Revised) Spillway, Hydraulic Model Investigation, Report No: TR/H-70-13-App-A, US Department of The Army Engineer, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss., USA, 1972.
  • [28] USACE, Report on Model Studies of Spillway for Burnsville Dam, Little Kanawha River, West Virginia, Hydraulic Model Investigation, Report No: TR/H-75-5, US Department of The Army Engineer, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss., USA, 1975.
  • [29] USACE, Report on Model Studies of Typical Tennessee-Tombigbee Canal Section Spillways, Spillways A and B, Hydraulic Model Investigation, Technical Report H-78-21, Hydraulics Laboratory, US Department of The Army Engineer, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss., USA, 1978.
  • [30] USACE, Report on Model Studies of Spillway for Cooper Dam, Sulphur River, Texas. Hydraulic Model Investigation, Report No: TR/HL-80-15, US Department of The Army Engineer, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss., USA, 1980.
  • [31] USACE, Report on Model Studies of Bloomington Spillway North Branch Potomac River Maryland and West Virginia, Hydraulic Model Investigation, Report No:TR/HL-83-9, US Department of The Army, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss., USA, 1983.
  • [32] USACE, Report on Model Studies of Lake Darling Spillway Souris River, North Dakota, Hydraulic Model Investigation, Report No: TR/HL-88-9, US Department of The Army Engineer, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss., USA, 1988.
  • [33] USACE, Report on Model Studies of Pompton Dam Spillway, Pompton Lake Ramapo River Basin, New Jersey, Hydraulic Model Investigation, Technical Report HL-91-19, US Department of The Army Engineer, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss., USA, 1991.
  • [34] DSI, Report on Flowrate Measurements at the Flood Routing Spillway of Seyhan Dam (in Turkish). Ministry of Housing and Development, General Directorate of State Water Works, Ankara, Turkey, 1959.
  • [35] DSI, Report on Model Studies of Flood Spillway of Kigi Dam, Model no:356, Publication no: 969 (in Turkish). Technical Research and Quality Control Department, General Directorate of State Water Works, Ankara, Turkey, 2004.
  • [36] DSI, Report on Model Studies of Flood Spillway of Yedigoze Dam, Model no:381, Publication no: 995 (in Turkish). Technical Research and Quality Control Department, General Directorate of State Water Works, Ankara, Turkey, 2008.
  • [37] DSI, Report on Model Studies of Flood Spillway of Kavsak Dam, Model no:385, Publication no: 1005 (in Turkish). Technical Research and Quality Control Department, General Directorate of State Water Works, Ankara, Turkey, 2010.
  • [38] DSI, Report on Model Studies of Flood Spillway of Beyhan-1 Dam, Model no:392, Publication no: 1017 (in Turkish). Technical Research and Quality Control Department, General Directorate of State Water Works, Ankara, Turkey, 2012.
  • [39] DSI, Report on Model Studies of Flood Spillway of Incir Dam, Model no:402, Publication no: 1026 (in Turkish). Technical Research and Quality Control Department, General Directorate of State Water Works, Ankara, Turkey, 2013.
  • [40] DSI, Report on Model Studies of Flood Spillway of Yusufeli Dam, Model no:406, Publication no: 1033 (in Turkish). Technical Research and Quality Control Department, General Directorate of State Water Works, Ankara, Turkey, 2015.
  • [41] Khalaf M., Comparison of Discharge Coefficients for Partially-Opened Radial-Gated Ogee Spillways, M. Sc. Thesis. Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey, 2017.

Discharge Coefficients for Radial-Gated Ogee Spillways by Laboratory Data and by Design of Small Dams

Year 2021, Volume: 32 Issue: 4, 10919 - 10945, 01.07.2021

Tefaruk Haktanır , Mohammed Khalaf

https://doi.org/10.18400/tekderg.540640

Abstract

Using the measured data on 15 laboratory models in USA, six models and one prototype in Turkey, the discharge coefficients (C’s) of radial-gated ogee spillways for various gate openings and lake water surface elevations are computed. Comparison of these C’s for 22 spillways with the ones given by Figure 9-31 of Design of Small Dams does not show close agreements. It is determined that C depends on both the angle Ɵ and the ratio d/H1, rather than Ɵ only where d and H1 are the gate opening and the upstream head, and statistically significant regression equations are computed individually for each one of 22 cases.

Keywords

discharge coefficient for partially-opened radial-gated spillways coefficient spillways

References

  • [1] USBR, Design of Small Dams, Second edition, US Department of The Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, US Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1973.
  • [2] USBR, Design of Small Dams, A Water Resources Technical Publication, Third edition, US Department of The Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, US Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1987.
  • [3] DSI, Ilısu Dam and Hydroelectric Power Plant, Hydraulic Report of Flood Spillway, Rep–14.160/0030–Rev.1. Colenco Power Engineering Ltd, IM Magia Engineering, Dolsar Engineering, Rast Engineering Ltd., Dams and Hydroelectric Power Plants Department, General Directorate of State Water Works, Ankara, Turkey, 2010.
  • [4] Enerjisa, Hydraulic Design of Flood Spillway of Kavsak Dam. Enerjisa Engineering Ltd, Istanbul, Turkey, 2009.
  • [5] Sanko, Final Feasibility Report of Yedigoze Dam and HPP Volume 1, Appendix-4: Hydraulic Design of Flood Spillway (in Turkish). Sanko Engineering and Consulting Inc., Cetin Emec Boulevard, 6th Street, No: 61/7, 06520 Balgat, Ankara, Turkey, 2007.
  • [6] Temelsu, Final Design Project of Bayramhacılı Dam and HPP, Chapter 3.1: Hydraulic Design of Flood Spillway (in Turkish). Temelsu Engineering and Consulting Inc., Ankara, Turkey, 2007.
  • [7] USACE, Hydraulic Design Criteria, Volume 2, Tainter Gates on Spillway Crests, Sheets 311-1 to 311-5. Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Mississippi River Commission, Waterways Experimentation Station, Vicksburg, Mississippi, USA, 1987.
  • [8] Mazumdar, S. K. and Roy, I. D., Orifice flow in a gated spillway. ISH Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 3(2), 44–52, DOI: 10.1080/09715010.1997.10514609, 1997.
  • [9] Savage, B. M. and Johnson, M. C., Flow over ogee spillway: Physical and numerical model case study. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, 127(8), 640–649, 2001.
  • [10] Kim, G. D. and Park, J. H., Analysis of flow structure over ogee-spillway in consideration of scale and roughness effects by using CFD model. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 9(2), 161–169, DOI: 10.1007/BF02829067, 2005.
  • [11] Alhashimi, S. A. M., CFD modeling of flow over ogee spillway by using different turbulent models. International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology Research, 2(15), 1682–1687, 2013.
  • [12] Bagatur, T. and Onen, F., Computation of design coefficients in ogee-crested spillway structure using GEP and regression models. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 20(2), 951–959. DOI 10.1007/s12205–015–0648–x, 2016.
  • ]13] Ansar, M. and Chen, Z., Generalized flow rating equations at prototype gated spillways. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, 135(7), 602–608, 2009.
  • [14] Bahajantri, M. R., Eldho, T. I., Deolalikar, P. B., Numerical modeling of turbulent flow through spillway with gated operation. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 72, 221–243. DOI: 10.1002/nme.2016, 2007.
  • [15] Saunders, K., Prakash, M., Cleary, P. W., Cordell, M., Application of Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics for modeling gated spillway flows. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 38, 4308–4322, DOI: 10.1016/j.apm.2014.05.008, 2014.
  • [16] Schohl, G. A., Discharge Correlations for Spillways with Radial Gates. In B. Crookston & B. Tullis (Eds.), Hydraulic Structures and Water System Management. 6th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures, Portland, OR, 27–30 June (pp. 641–651). Doi: 10.15142/T34106228160853 (ISBN 978–1–884575–75–4), 2016.
  • [17] Haug, P. E., Spillway Capacity and Discharge Uncertainty – Why Do Rating Curves Rarely Agree with Flow Measurement Records? (http://www.ayresassociates.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/Spillway-Rating-Curves-Flow-Studies.pdf), 2014.
  • [18] Haktanir, T., Citakoglu, H., Kucukgoncu, H., An efficient algorithm for ogee spillway discharge with partially-opened radial gates by the method of Design of Small Dams and comparison of current and previous methods. The International Journal of Engineering and Science (IJES), 5(7), 13–26, ISSN (e): 2319 – 1813 ISSN (p): 2319 – 1805, 2016.
  • [19] USBR, Hydraulic Model Studies of Boysen Dam Spillway, Report No: 212,US Department of The Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Engineering Laboratories Branch, Design and Construction Division, Denver, Colorado, USA, 1952.
  • [20] USBR, Hydraulic Model Studies on Norton Dam Spillway, Missouri River Basin Project, Kanas, Report No: Hyd-493, US Department of The Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Hydraulic Branch, Division of Research, Office of Assistant Commissioner and Chief Engineer, Denver, Colorado, USA, 1962.
  • [21] USBR, Hydraulic Model Studies of the Spillway Glen Elder Dam, Missouri River Basin Project, Kansas, Report No: Hyd-561, US Department of The Interior Bureau of Reclamation, Hydraulic Branch, Division of Research, Office of Chief Engineer, Denver, Colorado, USA, 1966.
  • [22] USBR, Hydraulic Model Studies of Toa Vaca Dam Spillway, Puerto Rico Water Resources Authority, Report No: REC-OCE-70-42, US Engineering and Research Center Bureau of Reclamation, Division of General Research, Denver, Colorado, USA, 1970.
  • [23] USBR, Hydraulic Model Studies of McPhee Dam Spillway, Report No: GR-81-2, US Engineering and Research Center Bureau of Reclamation, Hydraulic Branch, Division of Research, Denver, Colorado, USA, 1981.
  • [24] USBR, Physical Hydraulic Model Studies of Folsom Dam Emergency Spillway, Tainter Gate Alternatives, Report No: HL-2014-01, US Department of The Interior Bureau of Reclamation, Technical Service Center, Hydraulic Investigation and Laboratories Services, Denver, Colorado, USA, 2014.
  • [25] USACE, Report on Model Studies of Spillway for Kaysinger Bluff Dam Osage River, Missouri, Hydraulic Model Investigation, Report No: TR/2-809, US Department of The Army Engineer, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss., USA, 1968.
  • [26] USACE, Report on Model Studies of Spillway for Oakley Dam, Sangamon River, Hydraulic Model Investigation, Technical Report TR-H-70-13. Hydraulics Laboratory, US Department of The Army Engineer, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss., USA, 1970.
  • [27] USACE, Report on Model Studies of Spillway for Oakley Dam Sangamon River, Illinois. Appendix A: Type 2 (Revised) Spillway, Hydraulic Model Investigation, Report No: TR/H-70-13-App-A, US Department of The Army Engineer, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss., USA, 1972.
  • [28] USACE, Report on Model Studies of Spillway for Burnsville Dam, Little Kanawha River, West Virginia, Hydraulic Model Investigation, Report No: TR/H-75-5, US Department of The Army Engineer, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss., USA, 1975.
  • [29] USACE, Report on Model Studies of Typical Tennessee-Tombigbee Canal Section Spillways, Spillways A and B, Hydraulic Model Investigation, Technical Report H-78-21, Hydraulics Laboratory, US Department of The Army Engineer, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss., USA, 1978.
  • [30] USACE, Report on Model Studies of Spillway for Cooper Dam, Sulphur River, Texas. Hydraulic Model Investigation, Report No: TR/HL-80-15, US Department of The Army Engineer, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss., USA, 1980.
  • [31] USACE, Report on Model Studies of Bloomington Spillway North Branch Potomac River Maryland and West Virginia, Hydraulic Model Investigation, Report No:TR/HL-83-9, US Department of The Army, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss., USA, 1983.
  • [32] USACE, Report on Model Studies of Lake Darling Spillway Souris River, North Dakota, Hydraulic Model Investigation, Report No: TR/HL-88-9, US Department of The Army Engineer, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss., USA, 1988.
  • [33] USACE, Report on Model Studies of Pompton Dam Spillway, Pompton Lake Ramapo River Basin, New Jersey, Hydraulic Model Investigation, Technical Report HL-91-19, US Department of The Army Engineer, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss., USA, 1991.
  • [34] DSI, Report on Flowrate Measurements at the Flood Routing Spillway of Seyhan Dam (in Turkish). Ministry of Housing and Development, General Directorate of State Water Works, Ankara, Turkey, 1959.
  • [35] DSI, Report on Model Studies of Flood Spillway of Kigi Dam, Model no:356, Publication no: 969 (in Turkish). Technical Research and Quality Control Department, General Directorate of State Water Works, Ankara, Turkey, 2004.
  • [36] DSI, Report on Model Studies of Flood Spillway of Yedigoze Dam, Model no:381, Publication no: 995 (in Turkish). Technical Research and Quality Control Department, General Directorate of State Water Works, Ankara, Turkey, 2008.
  • [37] DSI, Report on Model Studies of Flood Spillway of Kavsak Dam, Model no:385, Publication no: 1005 (in Turkish). Technical Research and Quality Control Department, General Directorate of State Water Works, Ankara, Turkey, 2010.
  • [38] DSI, Report on Model Studies of Flood Spillway of Beyhan-1 Dam, Model no:392, Publication no: 1017 (in Turkish). Technical Research and Quality Control Department, General Directorate of State Water Works, Ankara, Turkey, 2012.
  • [39] DSI, Report on Model Studies of Flood Spillway of Incir Dam, Model no:402, Publication no: 1026 (in Turkish). Technical Research and Quality Control Department, General Directorate of State Water Works, Ankara, Turkey, 2013.
  • [40] DSI, Report on Model Studies of Flood Spillway of Yusufeli Dam, Model no:406, Publication no: 1033 (in Turkish). Technical Research and Quality Control Department, General Directorate of State Water Works, Ankara, Turkey, 2015.
  • [41] Khalaf M., Comparison of Discharge Coefficients for Partially-Opened Radial-Gated Ogee Spillways, M. Sc. Thesis. Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey, 2017.
There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering, Civil Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Tefaruk Haktanır 0000-0002-8111-4557

Mohammed Khalaf This is me 0000-0002-8111-4557

Publication Date July 1, 2021
Submission Date March 15, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 32 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Haktanır, T., & Khalaf, M. (2021). Discharge Coefficients for Radial-Gated Ogee Spillways by Laboratory Data and by Design of Small Dams. Teknik Dergi, 32(4), 10919-10945. https://doi.org/10.18400/tekderg.540640
AMA Haktanır T, Khalaf M. Discharge Coefficients for Radial-Gated Ogee Spillways by Laboratory Data and by Design of Small Dams. Teknik Dergi. July 2021;32(4):10919-10945. doi:10.18400/tekderg.540640
Chicago Haktanır, Tefaruk, and Mohammed Khalaf. “Discharge Coefficients for Radial-Gated Ogee Spillways by Laboratory Data and by Design of Small Dams”. Teknik Dergi 32, no. 4 (July 2021): 10919-45. https://doi.org/10.18400/tekderg.540640.
EndNote Haktanır T, Khalaf M (July 1, 2021) Discharge Coefficients for Radial-Gated Ogee Spillways by Laboratory Data and by Design of Small Dams. Teknik Dergi 32 4 10919–10945.
IEEE T. Haktanır and M. Khalaf, “Discharge Coefficients for Radial-Gated Ogee Spillways by Laboratory Data and by Design of Small Dams”, Teknik Dergi, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 10919–10945, 2021, doi: 10.18400/tekderg.540640.
ISNAD Haktanır, Tefaruk - Khalaf, Mohammed. “Discharge Coefficients for Radial-Gated Ogee Spillways by Laboratory Data and by Design of Small Dams”. Teknik Dergi 32/4 (July 2021), 10919-10945. https://doi.org/10.18400/tekderg.540640.
JAMA Haktanır T, Khalaf M. Discharge Coefficients for Radial-Gated Ogee Spillways by Laboratory Data and by Design of Small Dams. Teknik Dergi. 2021;32:10919–10945.
MLA Haktanır, Tefaruk and Mohammed Khalaf. “Discharge Coefficients for Radial-Gated Ogee Spillways by Laboratory Data and by Design of Small Dams”. Teknik Dergi, vol. 32, no. 4, 2021, pp. 10919-45, doi:10.18400/tekderg.540640.
Vancouver Haktanır T, Khalaf M. Discharge Coefficients for Radial-Gated Ogee Spillways by Laboratory Data and by Design of Small Dams. Teknik Dergi. 2021;32(4):10919-45.
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