Sediment Incipient Motion in Sewer with a Bed Deposit

Year 2022, Volume: 33 Issue: 1, 11473 - 11486, 01.01.2022

Wan Hanna Melini Wan Mohtar Charles Bong Hın Joo Aminuddin Ab Ghanı Mir Jafar Sadegh Safarı Aizat Mohd Taıb Haitham Afan Ahmed El-shafıe

https://doi.org/10.18400/tekderg.572529

Cited By: 3

Abstract

This paper analyses experimental data on sediment incipient motion with varying sediment bed thickness (of d50, 5, 10 and 24 mm). Sediment particles (with sizes ranging from 0.5 mm to 4.78 mm) were used to evaluate the effect of deposited bed. Variation of shear velocity estimation was investigated where the critical Shields parameter was expressed using bed-slope product u∗cb, log-law u∗cl and was extended in terms of critical mean velocity. The critical Shields parameters obtained were significantly lower than the traditional Shields curve when u∗cl was used compared to u∗cb. Higher critical mean velocity is needed for shallower deposits.

Keywords

threshold criteria of sediment motion, Shields parameter, sediment bed thickness

Supporting Institution

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

Project Number

DIP-2018-016

References

• Ab. Ghani, A., Zakaria, N. A., Kassim, M. and Nasir, B. A. Sediment size characteristics of urban drains in Malaysian cities. Urban Water Journal. 2(4):335341, 2000.
• Ahyerre, M., Chebbo, G., and Saad, M. Nature and dynamics of the water sediment interface in combined sewers. J. Environ. Eng. ASCE. 127(3):233239, 2001.
• Ashley,R. M., Wotherspoon, D. J. J., Coghlan, B. P. and McGregor, I. The erosion and movement of sediments and associated pollutants in combined sewers. Water Science and Technology. 25:101-114, 1992.
• Ashley, R. M., Bertrand-Krajewski, J.-L., Hvitved-Jacobsen, T. and Verbanck, M. Solids in Sewers Characteristics, Effects and Control of Sewer Solids and Associated Pollutants. IWA Publishing, London, 2004.
• Banasiak, R., Verhoeven, R., De Sutter, R. and Tait, S. The erosion behaviour of biologically active sewer sediment deposits: Observations from a laboratory study. Water Research. 39:5221-5231, 2005.
• Bong, C. H. J., Lau, T. L., and Ab. Ghani, A. Verification of Equations for Incipient Motion Studies for a Rigid Rectangular Channel. Water Science and Technology. 67(2):395-403, 2013.
• Bong, C. H. J., Lau, T. L. and Ab. Ghani, A. Sediment size and deposition characteristics in Malaysian urban concrete drains-a case study of Kuching city. Urban Water Journal. 11(1):74-89, 2014.
• Bong, C. H. J., Lau, T. L., Ab. Ghani, A. and Chan, N.W. Sediment deposit thickness and its effect on critical velocity for incipient motion. Water Science and Technology. 74(8):1876-1884, 2016.
• Brownlie, W. Prediction of flow depth and sediment discharge in open channels. Tech. Rep. No. Report No. KH-R-43A. Pasadena, California: California.Inst. Tech., 1981.
• Buffington, J. M. and Montgomery, D. A systematic analysis of eight decades of incipient motion studies, with special reference to gravel-bedded rivers. Water Res. Res. 33:19932029, 1997.
• Cheng, N. and Emadzadeh, A. Estimate of sediment pickup rate with the densimetric Froude number. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 06015024, 2015.
• Crabtree, R.W. Sediments in sewers. J. Inst. Water Environ. Manage. 3:569578, 1989.
• El-Zaemey, A. K. S. Sediment Transport Over Deposited Bed Sewers. PhD Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 1991.
• Kramer, H. Sand mixtures and sand movement in fluvial models. Transaction, ASCE. 100:798-878, 1935.
• McLellan, S.L., Roguet, A. The unexpected habitat in sewer pipes for the propagation of microbial communities and their imprint on urban waters. Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 57, 34-41, 2019.
• Novak, P. and Nalluri, C. Sediment transport in smooth fixed bed channels. Journal of the Hydraulics Division. 101:1139-1154, 1975.
• Novak, P. and Nalluri, C. Incipient motion of sediment particles over fixed beds. Journal of Hydraulic Research. 22(3):181-197, 1984.
• Regueiro-Picallo, M., Anta, J., Suarez, J., Jeronimo, P., Jacome, A., Naves, J. Characterization of sediments during transport of solids in circular sewer pipes. Water Science Technology, 2017(1), 8-15, 2018.
• Safari, M.J.S., Mohammadi, M., Gilanizadehdizaj, G. On the effect of cross sectional shape on incipient motion and deposition of sediments in fixed bed channels. J. Hydrol. Hydromech., 62(1), 7581, 2017.
• Safari, M. J. S., Aksoy, H., Unal, N. E., Mohammadi, M. Experimental analysis of sediment incipient motion in rigid boundary open channels. Environmental Fluid Mechanics, 17(6), 1281-1298, 2017.
• Salem, A. M. Incipient motion over loose deposited beds in a rigid rectangular channel, MSc. thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 1998.
• Shields, A. Anwendung der ahnlichkeitsmechanik und der turbulentzforschung auf die geshiebebewegung. PhD, Mitt. Preuss. Versuchsanst. Wasserbau Schiffbau, 1936.
• Schertzinger, G., Zimmermann, S., Sures, B. Predicted sediment toxicity downstream of combined sewer overflows corresponds with effects measured in two sediment contact bioassays. Environmental Pollution, 258, 782-791, 2019.
• Seco, I., Schellart, A., Gomez-Valentin, M., Tait, S. Prediction of Organic Combined Sewer Sediment Release and Transport. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 144(3), 1-14, 2018.
• Shvidchenko, A. B. Incipient Motion of Streambeds. PhD tesis, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK, 2000.
• Tait, S.J., Rushforth, P.J., Saul, A.J. A laboratory study of the erosion and transport of cohesive-like sediment mixtures in sewers. Water Sci. Technol. 37 (1):163170, 1998.
• Toriman, M.E., Kamarudin, M.K.A., Idris, M., Jamil, N.R., Gazim, M.B., Abd Aziz, N.A. Sediment concentration and load analyses at Chini River, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia. Research Journal of Earth Sciences, 1:43-50, 2009.
• Toriman, M.E., Ata, F.M., Mohd, K., Idris, M. Bedload sediment profile and effect of river bank erosion on river cross-section. American Journal of Environmental Sciences, 9(4):292-300, 2013.
• Verbanck, M. A., Ashley, R. M., Bachoc, A. International workshop on origin, occurrence and behaviour of sediments in sewer systems: summary of conclusions. Water Research. 28(1):187-194, 1994.
• Vollertsen, J. and Hvitved-Jacobsen, T. Resuspension and oxygen uptake of sediments in combined sewers. Urban Water. 2:21-27, 2000.
• Yalin, M.S. Mechanics of Sediment Transport. Pergamon, New York, 1972.
• Wan Mohtar, W.H.M. Junaidi, Sharil, S., Mukhlisin, M. Representative sediment sizes in predicting the bed-material load for non-uniform sediments. International Journal of Sediment Research. 31:79-86, 2016.
• Wan Mohtar, W.H.M. Enhanced understanding on incipient sediment motion and sediment suspension through oscillating-grid turbulence experiments. J Zhejiang Univ-Sci A (Appl Phys & Eng). 18(11):882-894, 2017.
• Wan Mohtar, W.H.M. and R.J. Munro. Threshold criteria for incipient sediment motion on an inclined bedform in the presence of oscillating-grid turbulence. Phys. Fluids. 25:015103, 2013.