ENZİMLERİN KULLANIMIYLA YAĞ GİDERME ETKİNLİĞİNİN ARTIRILMASI ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Year 2008, Volume: 18 Issue: 4, 278 - 283, 01.12.2008

Altan Afşar Fatma Çetinkaya

Abstract

Bu araştırmada, hamderilerdeki doğal yağın giderilmesinde enzimlerden yaralanılarak işlem etkinliğinin artırılması ve yağ gidermede kullanılan kimyasal niceliklerinin azaltılarak deri sanayinin çevreyi daha az kirletmesi amaçlanmıştır. Deri üretiminin; ıslatma, kireçlik, sama ve depikle işlem aşamalarında uygun enzimler kullanılmış ve deride kalan yağ nicelikleri saptanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına gore; enzimlerin kullanıldığı tüm çalışmalarda, yağ niceliklerinin düşük ve yağ giderme etkinliğinin yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bulgular arasında; kireçlik işleminde % 0,2 oranında alkali proteaz kullanımının en etkin sonucu verdiği ortaya çıkmıştır. % 0,1 alkali proteaz da benzer sonucu vermekte ve uygulama için daha ekonomik kullanım sağlamaktadır. Yanısıra; ıslatmada % 0,5 alkali proteaz, kireçlikte % 0,5 alkali lipaz ve alkali proteaz/lipaz kombinasyonları ile pikle derilerde % 0,025 ve 0,5 asit lipaz kullanımlarının yağ gidermede etkili olduğu saptanmıştır

Keywords

Deri, enzim, Doğal Yağ, Yağ Giderme, Çevre

A RESEARCH ON INCREASING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DEGREASING PROCESS BY USING ENZYMES

Abstract

This research has been conducted for the purposes of enhancing the degreasing activity by making use of enzymes in order to remove natural fats in skins and hides, and to decrease the amount of degreasing chemicals used in the degreasing process, thus to minimize the harm of leather industry on the environment. In leather processing, in the processes of soaking, liming, bating and depickling, protease and lipase type enzymes were used that are appropriate for each step of process and then optimum degreasing treatment was realized. At the end of these processes, the amounts of the residual fats in the leathers were determined. After the completion of the studies, a decrease in the amount of fat remained in leathers processed with enzymes and an increase in the effectiveness in degreasing were observed. 0.2 % use of alkaline protease in liming stage was found the most effective. 0.1 % use of the same enzyme gives the similiar result which is more cost friendly. In addition, the remaining fat contents of the leathers after the applications of 0.5 % alkaline protease at soaking; 0.5 % alkaline lipase and combinations of alkaline protease / lipase at liming; 0.025 % and 0.5 % acid lipase in pickle leathers were found effective

Keywords

Leather, Enzyme, Natural Fat, Degreasing, Environment

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