EFFECT OF FIBRE CONTENT ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF BASALT FIBRE REINFORCED POLYLACTIC ACID (PLA) COMPOSITES

Year 2018, Volume: 28 Issue: 1, 66 - 71, 31.03.2018

Murat Kaya Mustafa Aslan Onur Güler Ümit Alver

Abstract

A widespread use of composite materials leads researchers to search for
sustainable raw materials. In the present work, a sustainable thermoplastic
polylactic acid (PLA) based composite materials were aimed to produce by
extrusion followed with compression moulding method. The chopped basalt fibres
with the length of 3 mm were also used as natural inorganic fibre source to reinforce
PLA matrices obtained natural resources with the different contents until 50%
by weight. Composite pellets were manufactured by a single screw extruder and
followed composite panels were manufactured in the hot compression moulding
machine. All of the composite samples were experimented to density, tensile,
bending and impact tests. The results indicated that the density of the composite
materials increase with the increasing of the content of basalt fibres. Besides,
the increment of fibre content and about 180% increase compare to pure
PLAlinearly enhanced the tensile and flexural modulus of composite materials.
As a result of statistical evaluation, basalt fibre reinforcedPLA composites at
fibre content of45 wt% were found to have significant difference among other
fibre contents and had highest tensile, flexural and impact strength results of
53.73 MPa, 118 MPa and 1.49 kJ/m², respectively.

Keywords

Basalt fibre, Polylactic acid, Composite, Mechanical properties, Compression moulding

ELYAF ORANININ BAZALT ELYAF TAKVİYELİ POLİLAKTİK ASİT (PLA) KOMPOZİTLERİN MEKANİK ÖZELLİKLERİ ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ

Abstract

Kompozit malzemelerin
yaygın kullanımı araştırmacıları bu alanda kullanılacak sürdürülebilir
hammaddeler üzerinde araştırma yapmaya yöneltmektedir. Bu çalışmada, ekstrüzyon
ve bunu takiben basınçlı kalıplama yöntemi ile sürdürülebilir termoplastikpolilaktik
asit (PLA) matrislikompozit malzemeler üretilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Doğal inorganik
bir elyaf kaynağı olarak, 3 mm kırpılmış bazalt elyaflar ağırlıkça % 50 elyaf
oranına kadar farklı oranlarda doğal kaynaklardan üretilmiş PLA matrise takviye
edilmiştir. Kompozitpellet üretimi için tek vidalı ekstrüder ve ardından sıcak
presleme işlemi ile kompozit paneller üretilmiştir. Hazırlanan bütün kompozit
numuneler üzerinde yoğunluk, çekme, eğme ve darbe deneyleri yapılmıştır.
Sonuçlar, bazalt elyaf takviye oranının artması ile kompozit malzemelerin
yoğunluğunun arttığını göstermiştir. Aynı zamanda, artan elyaf oranı ile PLA
kompozitlerin çekme, eğilme elastikiyet modüllerinin lineer şekilde artığı ve
saf PLA ya göre yaklaşık %180 artış sağlanmıştır. İstatistik değerlendirme
sonucunda ağırlıkça %45 elyaf oranında bazalt elyaf içeren PLA kompozitlerinin
diğer elyaf oranlarına göre önemli derecede farka sahip olduğu ve sırasıyla 53,73
MPa, 118 MPa ve 1,49 kJ/m² olmak üzere en yüksek çekme, eğme ve
darbe dayanımına sahip olduğu görülmüştür.

Keywords

Bazalt elyaf, Polilaktik asit, Kompozit, Mekanik özellikler, Basınçlı kalıplama

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