Research Article
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Investigation of the Friction Coefficients and Surface Roughness Properties of Denim Fabrics after Abrasion

Year 2023, Volume: 33 Issue: 1, 27 - 36, 31.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.32710/tekstilvekonfeksiyon.982224

Abstract

The abrasion behavior of denim fabrics could be affected by fabric surface properties (surface friction coefficient and roughness) depending on fabric structural parameters. This study investigated the friction coefficients and surface roughness properties of denim fabrics woven with different structural parameters after abrasion. In general, while the abrasion process reduced the fabric friction coefficients during the initial abrasion cycles, the surface's friction coefficient increased as the number of abrasion cycles increased. However, due to the increased abrasion cycles, there was a steady decline in the roughness values of the fabric surfaces. Denim fabrics were woven with a 3/1 twill weave pattern. When the effect of the fabric structural parameters on fabric friction coefficient and roughness values were evaluated, the yarn count (Nm), yarn density, and fabric cover factor showed negative correlation coefficients. In contrast, the thickness, unit weight, and bulk density of fabric showed positive correlation coefficients.

Thanks

This work is a part of the MSc thesis with the title of “Investigation of Relations between Constructional Parameters and Some Surface Properties in Denim Fabrics Woven with Different Fiber Contents” of Gizem Kara.

References

  • 1. Korkmaz İ.B. 2009. Denim Kumaş İmalatı ve Üzerine Uygulanan İşlemler (Master’s thesis). Haliç Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bölümler Enstitüsü, Tekstil ve Moda Tasarımı Anasanat Dalı, Tekstil ve Moda Tasarımı Programı, İstanbul, p. 108.
  • 2. Çakır N. 2010. Kot Pantolon Üretiminde Bitim İşlemlerinin ve Farklı Denim Kumaşların Fit Üzerine Etkileri (Master’s thesis). Pamukkale Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tekstil Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı, Denizli, p. 99.
  • 3. Tarhan M. 2005. Eskitme Yöntemlerinin Denim Mamullerin Performans Özelliklerine Etkisi (Master’s thesis). Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tekstil Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı, İzmir, p. 120.
  • 4. Toksöz M., Mezarcıöz S. 2013. Application of Special Washing Processes to Denim Fabrics. Çukurova University Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, 28, 141-147.
  • 5. Vassiliadis S.G., Provatidis C.G. 2004. Structural characterization of textile fabrics using surface roughness data. International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology, 16, 445-457.
  • 6. Xin J.H., Lam C.C. 2005. Investigation of texture effect on visual colour difference evaluation. Color Research and Application, 30, 341-347.
  • 7. Balcı G., Sülar V. 2013. Yarn friction properties: Importance and test methods. Tekstil ve Mühendis, 16, 6-15.
  • 8. Budinski K.G. 2007. Guide to friction, wear and erosion testing. ASTM Stock Number: MNL56, ASTM International, p.95.
  • 9. Das A., Kothari V.K., Vandana N. 2005. A study on frictional characteristics of woven fabrics. AUTEX Research Journal, 5(3), 133-140.
  • 10. Ajayi J.O. 1992a. Fabric smoothness. friction and handle. Textile Research Journal, 62, 52-59.
  • 11. Ajayi J.O. 1992b. Effects of fabric structure on frictional properties. Textile Research Journal, 62, 87-93.
  • 12. Hearle J.W.S., Husain A.K.M.M. 1971. Studies in Needled Fabrics. Part Vlll: The Effect of Friction on the Processing and Properties of Needle-bonded Fabrics. The Journal of The Textile Institute, 62, 83-107.
  • 13. Sülar V., Öner E., Okur A. 2013. Roughness and frictional properties of cotton and polyester woven fabrics. Indian Journal of Fibre & Textile Research, 38, 349-356.
  • 14. Wilson D. 1963. A study of fabric-on-fabric dynamic friction. The Journal of The Textile Institute, 54, T143-T155.
  • 15. Ohsawa M., Namiki S. 1979. Anisotropy of static friction of plain-woven filament fabrics. Journal of the Textile Machinery Society of Japan, 32, T40.
  • 16. Stockbridge I.I.C.W., Kenchington K.W.L., Corkindale K.G., Greenlands J. 1957. The subjective assessment of the roughness of fabrics. The Journal of The Textile Institute, 48, T26-T34.
  • 17. Thornedike G.H., Varley L. 1961. Measurement of the coefficient of friction between samples of the same cloth. The Journal of The Textile Institute, 52, 255-271.
  • 18. Ohsawa M., Namiki S., Kodaka H. 1969. Relationship between fabric balance and surface friction of plain woven fabrics. Journal of the Textile Machinery Society of Japan, 15, 98-105.
  • 19. Thomas T.R. 1999. Rough surfaces (2nd ed.), London: Imperial College Press.
  • 20. Zurek W., Jankowiak D., Frydrych I. 1985. Surface frictional resistance of fabric woven from filament yarns. Textile Research Journal, 55, 113-121.
  • 21. Ukponmwan J.O. 1987. Appraisal of woven fabric quality. Textile Research Journal, 57, 283-298.
  • 22. Ajayi J.O., Elder H.M. 1997. Effects of surface geometry on fabric friction. JTEVA, 25, 182-188.
  • 23. Militký J. 2005. Fabric roughness characterization. Technical University of Liberec. Czech Republic, ITSAPT Summer School, September, http://centrum.tul.cz/centrum/itsapt/Summer2005/files/militky_3.pdf - (07.07.2009)
  • 24. Bilisik K., Yolacan G. 2011. Tensile and tearing properties of newly developed structural denim fabrics after abrasion. FIBRES & TEXTILES in Eastern Europe, 19, 54-59.
  • 25. Shaw V.P., Mukhopadhyay A. 2022. Impact of abrasion on strength, elasticity and elastic recovery properties of stretch-denim fabric. International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology, 34, 241-261.
  • 26. ASTM D1777-96. 2007. Test method for thickness of textile materials.
  • 27. ASTM D3776. 2011. Standard test methods for mass per unit area (weight) of fabric.
  • 28. Hsieh Y.L. 1995. Liquid transport in fabric structures. Textile Research Journal, 65, 299-307.
  • 29. Hsieh Y.L., Cram L.A. 1998. Enzymatic hydrolysis to improve wetting and absorbency of polyester fabrics. Textile Research Journal, 68, 311-319.
  • 30. Peirce F.T. 1937. The geometry of cloth structure. The Journal of The Textile Institute, 28, T45–T96.
  • 31. Seyam A.M. 2002. The structural design of woven fabrics: theory and practice. The Textile Institute, Textile Progress, 31, 11-19.
  • 32. Hearle J.W.S., Grosberg P., Backer S. 1969. Structural mechanics of fibers. yarns and fabrics. New York, USA: Wiley-Interscience.
  • 33. ASTM D 4966-12. 2012. Standard test method for abrasion resistance of textile fabrics.
  • 34. ASTM D1894-14. 2014. Standard test method for static and kinetic coefficients of friction of plastic film and sheeting.
  • 35. ISO 4287-1997. 2005. Geometrical product specification (GPS) - Surface texture: profile method – terms, definitions and surface texture parameters.
  • 36. Gadelmawla E.S., Koura M.M., Maksoud T.M.A., Elewa I.M., Soliman H.H. 2002. Roughness parameters, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 123, 133–145.
  • 37. Mansor A., Ghan S.A., Yahya M.F. 2016. Knitted fabric parameters in relation to comfort properties. American Journal of Materials Science, 6, 147-151.
  • 38. Mukaka M.M. 2012. A guide to appropriate use of correlation coefficient in medical research. Malawi Medical Journal, 24, 69-71.
  • 39. Akgun M., Becerir B., Alpay, H.R. 2012. The effect of fabric constructional parameters on percentage reflectance and surface roughness of polyester fabrics. Textile Research Journal, 82, 700–707.
  • 40. Akgun M. 2014. Assessment of the surface roughness of cotton fabrics through different yarn and fabric structural properties. Fibers and Polymers, 15, 405–413.
  • 41. Akgun M. 2015. Assessment of the effect of fabric constructional parameters on surface roughness of wool fabrics. The Journal of The Textile Institute, 106, 845–852.
Year 2023, Volume: 33 Issue: 1, 27 - 36, 31.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.32710/tekstilvekonfeksiyon.982224

Abstract

References

  • 1. Korkmaz İ.B. 2009. Denim Kumaş İmalatı ve Üzerine Uygulanan İşlemler (Master’s thesis). Haliç Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bölümler Enstitüsü, Tekstil ve Moda Tasarımı Anasanat Dalı, Tekstil ve Moda Tasarımı Programı, İstanbul, p. 108.
  • 2. Çakır N. 2010. Kot Pantolon Üretiminde Bitim İşlemlerinin ve Farklı Denim Kumaşların Fit Üzerine Etkileri (Master’s thesis). Pamukkale Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tekstil Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı, Denizli, p. 99.
  • 3. Tarhan M. 2005. Eskitme Yöntemlerinin Denim Mamullerin Performans Özelliklerine Etkisi (Master’s thesis). Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tekstil Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı, İzmir, p. 120.
  • 4. Toksöz M., Mezarcıöz S. 2013. Application of Special Washing Processes to Denim Fabrics. Çukurova University Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, 28, 141-147.
  • 5. Vassiliadis S.G., Provatidis C.G. 2004. Structural characterization of textile fabrics using surface roughness data. International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology, 16, 445-457.
  • 6. Xin J.H., Lam C.C. 2005. Investigation of texture effect on visual colour difference evaluation. Color Research and Application, 30, 341-347.
  • 7. Balcı G., Sülar V. 2013. Yarn friction properties: Importance and test methods. Tekstil ve Mühendis, 16, 6-15.
  • 8. Budinski K.G. 2007. Guide to friction, wear and erosion testing. ASTM Stock Number: MNL56, ASTM International, p.95.
  • 9. Das A., Kothari V.K., Vandana N. 2005. A study on frictional characteristics of woven fabrics. AUTEX Research Journal, 5(3), 133-140.
  • 10. Ajayi J.O. 1992a. Fabric smoothness. friction and handle. Textile Research Journal, 62, 52-59.
  • 11. Ajayi J.O. 1992b. Effects of fabric structure on frictional properties. Textile Research Journal, 62, 87-93.
  • 12. Hearle J.W.S., Husain A.K.M.M. 1971. Studies in Needled Fabrics. Part Vlll: The Effect of Friction on the Processing and Properties of Needle-bonded Fabrics. The Journal of The Textile Institute, 62, 83-107.
  • 13. Sülar V., Öner E., Okur A. 2013. Roughness and frictional properties of cotton and polyester woven fabrics. Indian Journal of Fibre & Textile Research, 38, 349-356.
  • 14. Wilson D. 1963. A study of fabric-on-fabric dynamic friction. The Journal of The Textile Institute, 54, T143-T155.
  • 15. Ohsawa M., Namiki S. 1979. Anisotropy of static friction of plain-woven filament fabrics. Journal of the Textile Machinery Society of Japan, 32, T40.
  • 16. Stockbridge I.I.C.W., Kenchington K.W.L., Corkindale K.G., Greenlands J. 1957. The subjective assessment of the roughness of fabrics. The Journal of The Textile Institute, 48, T26-T34.
  • 17. Thornedike G.H., Varley L. 1961. Measurement of the coefficient of friction between samples of the same cloth. The Journal of The Textile Institute, 52, 255-271.
  • 18. Ohsawa M., Namiki S., Kodaka H. 1969. Relationship between fabric balance and surface friction of plain woven fabrics. Journal of the Textile Machinery Society of Japan, 15, 98-105.
  • 19. Thomas T.R. 1999. Rough surfaces (2nd ed.), London: Imperial College Press.
  • 20. Zurek W., Jankowiak D., Frydrych I. 1985. Surface frictional resistance of fabric woven from filament yarns. Textile Research Journal, 55, 113-121.
  • 21. Ukponmwan J.O. 1987. Appraisal of woven fabric quality. Textile Research Journal, 57, 283-298.
  • 22. Ajayi J.O., Elder H.M. 1997. Effects of surface geometry on fabric friction. JTEVA, 25, 182-188.
  • 23. Militký J. 2005. Fabric roughness characterization. Technical University of Liberec. Czech Republic, ITSAPT Summer School, September, http://centrum.tul.cz/centrum/itsapt/Summer2005/files/militky_3.pdf - (07.07.2009)
  • 24. Bilisik K., Yolacan G. 2011. Tensile and tearing properties of newly developed structural denim fabrics after abrasion. FIBRES & TEXTILES in Eastern Europe, 19, 54-59.
  • 25. Shaw V.P., Mukhopadhyay A. 2022. Impact of abrasion on strength, elasticity and elastic recovery properties of stretch-denim fabric. International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology, 34, 241-261.
  • 26. ASTM D1777-96. 2007. Test method for thickness of textile materials.
  • 27. ASTM D3776. 2011. Standard test methods for mass per unit area (weight) of fabric.
  • 28. Hsieh Y.L. 1995. Liquid transport in fabric structures. Textile Research Journal, 65, 299-307.
  • 29. Hsieh Y.L., Cram L.A. 1998. Enzymatic hydrolysis to improve wetting and absorbency of polyester fabrics. Textile Research Journal, 68, 311-319.
  • 30. Peirce F.T. 1937. The geometry of cloth structure. The Journal of The Textile Institute, 28, T45–T96.
  • 31. Seyam A.M. 2002. The structural design of woven fabrics: theory and practice. The Textile Institute, Textile Progress, 31, 11-19.
  • 32. Hearle J.W.S., Grosberg P., Backer S. 1969. Structural mechanics of fibers. yarns and fabrics. New York, USA: Wiley-Interscience.
  • 33. ASTM D 4966-12. 2012. Standard test method for abrasion resistance of textile fabrics.
  • 34. ASTM D1894-14. 2014. Standard test method for static and kinetic coefficients of friction of plastic film and sheeting.
  • 35. ISO 4287-1997. 2005. Geometrical product specification (GPS) - Surface texture: profile method – terms, definitions and surface texture parameters.
  • 36. Gadelmawla E.S., Koura M.M., Maksoud T.M.A., Elewa I.M., Soliman H.H. 2002. Roughness parameters, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 123, 133–145.
  • 37. Mansor A., Ghan S.A., Yahya M.F. 2016. Knitted fabric parameters in relation to comfort properties. American Journal of Materials Science, 6, 147-151.
  • 38. Mukaka M.M. 2012. A guide to appropriate use of correlation coefficient in medical research. Malawi Medical Journal, 24, 69-71.
  • 39. Akgun M., Becerir B., Alpay, H.R. 2012. The effect of fabric constructional parameters on percentage reflectance and surface roughness of polyester fabrics. Textile Research Journal, 82, 700–707.
  • 40. Akgun M. 2014. Assessment of the surface roughness of cotton fabrics through different yarn and fabric structural properties. Fibers and Polymers, 15, 405–413.
  • 41. Akgun M. 2015. Assessment of the effect of fabric constructional parameters on surface roughness of wool fabrics. The Journal of The Textile Institute, 106, 845–852.
There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Wearable Materials
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Gizem Kara 0000-0001-5202-8863

Mine Akgün 0000-0002-6415-7782

Early Pub Date March 28, 2023
Publication Date March 31, 2023
Submission Date August 12, 2021
Acceptance Date September 20, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 33 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Kara, G., & Akgün, M. (2023). Investigation of the Friction Coefficients and Surface Roughness Properties of Denim Fabrics after Abrasion. Textile and Apparel, 33(1), 27-36. https://doi.org/10.32710/tekstilvekonfeksiyon.982224

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