TASARRUF FİNANSMAN SİSTEMİ - İSLAM HUKUKU İLE MUKAYESELİ BİR İNCELEME

The foundation of savings finance companies can be traced back to the “construction savings funds” laid in 1775. The system, which started as a civil initiative in the 1990s, with a unique system and without a separate legal regulation, in order to meet the need for interest-free financing in our country, was presented to the public as an alternative interest-free financing system to the conventional financial system. The system was adopted by the public over time and took its place in practice under the name of "saving finance companies". Savings finance company; It is a company that gives the customer the right to use financing to own a house, roofed workplace or vehicle with a savings financing agreement, has the right to manage the accumulated savings of the customer, to repay and to provide financing, and to collect organizational fees, and operates on the basis of interest-free financing. Saving finance companies are limited to only three areas (housing, roofed workplace or vehicle acquisition) unlike normal finance companies. Savings financing companies are limited to only three areas (housing, roofed workplace or vehicle) unlike normal financing companies. It is possible to collect the transactions carried out by the savings finance company within the framework of the contract under four headings: Management of the customer's accumulated savings on the basis of interest-free finance, repayment of the savings amount, obligation to provide financing, and organizational transactions. In our study, after revealing the nature of savings finance companies, the legal nature and transactions of the company are analyzed in terms of Islamic law, and it is suggested that the savings finance field can be expanded without being limited to three areas.

The foundation of savings finance companies can be traced back to the “construction savings funds” laid in 1775. The system, which started as a civil initiative in the 1990s, with a unique system and without a separate legal regulation, in order to meet the need for interest-free financing in our country, was presented to the public as an alternative interest-free financing system to the conventional financial system. The system was adopted by the public over time and took its place in practice under the name of "saving finance companies". Savings finance company; It is a company that gives the customer the right to use financing to own a house, roofed workplace or vehicle with a savings financing agreement, has the right to manage the accumulated savings of the customer, to repay and to provide financing, and to collect organizational fees, and operates on the basis of interest-free financing. Saving finance companies are limited to only three areas (housing, roofed workplace or vehicle acquisition) unlike normal finance companies. Savings financing companies are limited to only three areas (housing, roofed workplace or vehicle) unlike normal financing companies. It is possible to collect the transactions carried out by the savings finance company within the framework of the contract under four headings: Management of the customer's accumulated savings on the basis of interest-free finance, repayment of the savings amount, obligation to provide financing, and organizational transactions. In our study, after revealing the nature of savings finance companies, the legal nature and transactions of the company are analyzed in terms of Islamic law, and it is suggested that the savings finance field can be expanded without being limited to three areas.

Tasarrufa finansman şirketleri, temeli 1775’lerde atılan “yapı tasarruf sandıkları”na kadar götürülebilir. Ülkemizde faizsiz finansman ihtiyacının karşılanması amacı ile 1990’lı yıllarda sivil bir girişim olarak kendine özgü bir sistemle ve müstakil kanuni bir düzenleme olmaksızın başlayan sistem, konvansiyonel finansal sisteme alternatif faizsiz finansman sistemi olarak halka sunulmuştur. Zamanla halk tarafından benimsenen sistem “tasarruf finansman şirketleri” adıyla uygulamada yerini almıştır. Tasarruf finansman şirketi; tasarruf finansman sözleşmesi ile konut, çatılı iş yeri veya taşıt edinimi için müşteriye finansman kullanma hakkı veren, müşteriye ait birikmiş tasarruf tutarını yönetme, geri ödeme ve finansman kullandırma yükümlülüğü ile organizasyon ücreti alma hakkı bulunan, faizsiz finansman esaslarına göre çalışan şirkettir. Tasarrufa finansman şirketleri normal finansman şirketlerinden farklı olarak sadece üç alan (konut, çatılı iş yeri veya taşıt edinimi) ile sınırlandırılmıştır. Tasarruf finansman şirketi sözleşme çerçevesinde yaptığı işlemleri dört başlıkta toplamak mümkündür: Müşteriye ait birikmiş tasarruf tutarının faizsiz finans esasına göre yönetimi, tasarruf tutarını geri ödeme, finansman kullandırma yükümlülüğü ve organizasyon işlemleri. Çalışmamızda tasarruf finansman şirketlerinin mahiyeti ortaya konulduktan sonra şirketin hukuki niteliği ve işlemleri İslam hukuku açısından tahlil edilerek tasarruf finansman alanının üç alan ile sınırlı kalmaksızın genişletilebileceği önerisi sunulmuştur.