UNITARY PATENT AND UNIFIED PATENT COURT

Year 2025, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 173 - 194, 30.06.2025

Burak Meydancı

https://doi.org/10.55027/tfm.1566733

Abstract

Patents are primarily territorial and provide protection within the borders of the country in which they are registered. According to the territoriality principle, a national patent is protected according to the legislation of the country where it was granted and within its borders. This conflicts with the European Union’s single market concept and hinders competition within the Union. Although significant steps have been taken to address this issue through the European Patent Convention and the European Patent, the territorial nature of patent protection has not been eliminated. The ongoing studies conducted within this framework resulted in the establishment of the Unitary Patent system, which is characterised by a distinct judicial organisation and a commitment to uniform and effective patent protection. This system, also known as the Unitary Effective European Patent, entered into force on 1 June 2023, marking a significant shift in the European Union patent law. In our study, the Unitary Patent System and the Unified Patent Court established in accordance with the system are analysed together with their effects on Turkish law.

Keywords

Unitary Patent , European Patent , European Patent with unitary effect , Unified Patent Court

ÜNİTER PATENT VE ÜNİTER PATENT MAHKEMESİ

Abstract

Patent temelde ülkesel nitelik taşımakta olup, tescil edildiği ülke sınırları içerisinde korunmaktadır. Ülkesellik ilkesinin gereği olarak koruma, verildiği ülkenin mevzuatına uygun olarak sağlanmaktadır. Bu durum Avrupa Birliği’nin tek pazar anlayışı ile çelişmekte ve birlik içerisindeki rekabetin sekteye uğramasına neden olmaktadır. Her ne kadar Avrupa Patent Sözleşmesi ve Avrupa patenti ile sorunun çözümüne yönelik bazı adımlar atılsa da patent korumasının ülkesel niteliği ortadan kaldırılamamıştır. Bu çerçevede sürdürülen çalışmalar, kendisine özgü bir yargı örgütüne sahip ve yeknesak etkili bir patent koruması öngören Üniter Patent Sistemini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Üniter etkili Avrupa patenti ya da üniter etkiye sahip Avrupa patenti adıyla da bilinen bu sistem 1 Haziran 2023 tarihi itibariyle yürürlüğe girerek AB patent hukuku bakımından yeni bir dönemi başlatmıştır. Çalışmamızda bu sistem ve sisteme bağlı olarak kurulan Üniter Patent Mahkemesi Türk hukukuna etkileriyle birlikte, incelenmiştir.

Keywords

Avrupa Patenti , Üniter Patent , Üniter Patent Mahkemesi , Üniter Etkili Avrupa Patenti

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