Elit Adölesanlarda Artistik Cimnastiğin Skapulotorasik Eklem Üzerine Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, elit adölesanlarda artistik jimnastiğin skapulotorasik eklem üzerine etkisini incelemek amacıyla yapıldı.

Yöntemler: Çalışmaya 8-14 yaşları arasında, omuz bölgesi ve çevresinden herhangi bir teşhis/tedavi almamış, en az 3 yıldır artistik cimnastik yapan 20 artistik cimnastikçi ve hiçbir spor branşında lisansı bulunmayan 24 olgu katıldı. Çalışmaya katılan tüm olgulara demografik bilgileri ve spor özgeçmişleri alındıktan sonra skapular kassal endurans testi, gözlemsel skapular diskinezi testi, lateral skapular kayma testi, protraksiyon derecesi ve posterior kapsül gerginliği değerlendirmeleri uygulandı.

Sonuçlar: Cimnastik grubunda spor yılı ile skapular kassal endurans arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunurken (p<0.05), spor yılı ile posterior kapsül gerginliği ve protraksiyon derecesi arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamadı (p>0.05). Gruplar arasında skapular kassal endurans ve skapular diskinezide anlamlı bir fark bulunmazken (p>0.05), skapular kassal endurans değerleri erkeklerde cimnastikçiler lehine anlamlı olarak farklı bulundu (p<0.05). Skapular diskinezi ise kadınlarda kontrol grubu lehine istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı (p<0.05). Gruplar arası karşılaştırmada protraksiyon derecesi, non-dominant tarafta; posterior kapsül gerginliği ise hem dominant hem de non-dominant tarafta cimnastik grubu lehine anlamlı olarak farklı bulundu (p<0.05).

Tartışma: Artistik cimnastik sporunun skapular kaslara olumlu etki ettiği görülmüştür ancak sporcu olmayan adölesanlarla farkın bulunmayışı ve ileride spora bağlı gelişebilecek skapula ve omuz kuşağına yönelik postüral adaptasyonlar da düşünüldüğünde sporcuların skapula stabilizasyon eğitimini de içeren antrenman programlarına alınması gerekliliği gösterilmiştir. İlerideki çalışmalarda artrokinematik değişikleri detaylı inceleyebilmek için hareket analiz sistemleri kullanılmalıdır. 

Keywords

• artistik cimnastik,diskinezi,skapular kaslar,skapulotorasik eklem

THE INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF ARTISTIC GYMNASTICS ON SCAPULOTHORACIC JOINT IN ELITE ADOLESCENTS

Abstract

Purpose: This study was done to investigate the effect of artistic gymnastics on scapulothoracic joint in elite adolescent artistic gymnasts.

Methods: Twenty elite adolescent artistic gymnasts between 8-14 ages, who had no diagnoses/ treatment from the shoulder region, and have been doing artistic gymnastics for at least 3 years; 24 cases who have no license in any sports included into this study. Scapular muscle endurance test, observational scapular dyskinesia test, lateral scapular slide test, protraction degree and tightness of posterior capsule measurements were done after obtaining their demographic information and sports history.

Results: While there was a significant relation between sports year and scapular muscle endurance in gymnasts (p<0.05), no relation was found between sports year and posterior capsule tightness and protraction degree (p>0.05). While there was no significant difference between groups for scapular muscle endurance and scapular dyskinesia (p>0.05), scapular muscle endurance values were significantly different in male gymnasts (p<0.05). Scapular dyskinesia on the other hand, was statistically significant in female controls (p<0.05). When we compare two groups; protraction degree in non-dominant side, posterior capsule tightness in both sides were found significantly different in favor of gymnasts (p<0.05).

Discussion: We found artistic gymnastics affected scapular muscles however; the results indicated no difference between groups, besides the possible postural adaptations on scapula and shoulder girdle depend upon gymnastics showed the essentiality of special exercises for this region in training programs. In future studies, motion analysis systems should be used for detailed investigation of arthrokinematic changes. 

Keywords

• Artistic gymnastics,dyskinesia,scapular muscles,scapulothoracic joint

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