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Upper to Middle Trapezius Muscle Activation Ratio During Scapular Retraction Exercise at Different Shoulder Abduction Angles

Year 2017, Volume: 28 Issue: 3, 111 - 117, 14.12.2017
https://doi.org/10.21653/tfrd.360019

Abstract






Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the upper trapezius to middle trapezius muscle activation ratio (UT:MT) during scapular retraction exercises at different shoulder abduction degrees in healthy individuals.

Methods: Twenty healthy individuals (10 males, 10 females) participated in this study (age: 22.90±2.84 years). A surface electromyography system (TELEmyo DTS; Noraxon USA, Inc, Scottsdale, AZ) was used to measure the activation levels of the upper trapezius and middle trapezius muscles during scapula retraction exercises. For the scapular retraction exercise, participants were instructed to perform a resisted scapula retraction with an elastic band at each of the following shoulder abduction angles: 0º, 45º, 60º and 90º. A repeated measures of ANOVA was used to determine whether UT:MT ratio differed among scapula retraction exercises.

Results: There was significant exercise effect on UT:MT ratio (F(3,57)=7.532, p<0.001). The UT:MT ratio was lower at 0º scapular retraction exercise when compared to 45º (p=0.024), 60º (p=0.031) and 90º (p=0.003) scapular retraction exercises. There was no difference between 45º and 60º (p=0.283), and 60º and 90º (p=1.000) scapular retraction exercises regarding UT:MT ratios.

Conclusion: Compared to 45° and 60° of shoulder abduction, UT:MT ratio was greater at 60° and 90° of shoulder abduction. Since UT:MT ratio was lower than one, scapula retraction exercise at or under 90° of shoulder abduction might be suggested for the individuals with shoulder problems.

References

  • 1. Michener LA, McClure PW, Karduna AR. Anatomical and biomechanical mechanisms of subacromial impingement syndrome. Clin Biomech. 2003;18(5):369-79.
  • 2. Harput G, Guney H, Toprak U, Colakoglu F, Baltaci G. Acute effects of scapular kinesiotaping on shoulder rotator strength, range of motion and acromiohumeral distance in asymptomatic overhead athletes. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2017;57(11):1479-85.
  • 3. Graichen H, Bonel H, Stammberger T, Englmeier KH, Reiser M, Eckstein F. Subacromial space width changes during abduction and rotation-a 3-D MR imaging study. Surg Radiol Anat. 1999;21(1):59-64.
  • 4. Ludewig PM, Reynolds JF. The association of scapular kinematics and glenohumeral joint pathologies. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2009;39(2):90-104.
  • 5. Lukasiewicz AC, McClure P, Michener L, Pratt N, Sennett B. Comparison of 3-dimensional scapular position and orientation between subjects with and without shoulder impingement. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1999;29(10):574-86.
  • 6. Oyama S, Myers JB, Wassinger CA, Lephart SM. Three-dimensional scapular and clavicular kinematics and scapular muscle activity during retraction exercises. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2010;40(3):169-79.
  • 7. Lee S-B, Kim K-J, O’Driscoll SW, Morrey BF, An K-N. Dynamic glenohumeral stability provided by the rotator cuff muscles in the mid-range and end-range of motion. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2000;82(6):849-57.
  • 8. Castelein B, Cagnie B, Parlevliet T, Cools A. Superficial and deep scapulothoracic muscle electromyographic activity during elevation exercises in the scapular plane. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2016;46(3):184-93.
  • 9. Castelein B, Cagnie B, Parlevliet T, Cools A. Scapulothoracic muscle activity during different types of elevation exercises, both in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome and healthy controls. Man Ther. 2016;23:33-9.
  • 10. Castelein B, Cools A, Parlevliet T, Cagnie B. Modifying the shoulder joint position during shrugging and retraction exercises alters the activation of the medial scapular muscles. Man Ther. 2016;21:250-5.
  • 11. Escamilla RF, Yamashiro K, Paulos L, Andrews JR. Shoulder muscle activity and function in common shoulder rehabilitation exercises. Sports Med. 2009;39(8):663-85.
  • 12. Bdaiwi AH, Mackenzie TA, Herrington L, Horsley I, Cools AM. Acromiohumeral distance during Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation of the lower trapezius and serratus anterior muscles in healthy participants. J Athl Train. 2015;50(7):713-8.
  • 13. Cools AM, Witvrouw EE, Mahieu NN, Danneels LA. Isokinetic scapular muscle performance in overhead athletes with and without impingement symptoms. J Athl Train. 2005;40(2):104- 10.
  • 14. Hébert LJ, Moffet H, McFadyen BJ, Dionne CE. Scapular behavior in shoulder impingement syndrome. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2002;83(1):60-9.
  • 15. Cools AM, Declercq GA, Cambier DC, Mahieu NN, Witvrouw EE. Trapezius activity and intramuscular balance during isokinetic exercise in overhead athletes with impingement symptoms. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2007;17(1):25-33.
  • 16. Michener LA, Sharma S, Cools AM, Timmons MK. Relative scapular muscle activity ratios are altered in subacromial pain syndrome. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2016;25(11):1861-7.
  • 17. Cools AM, Dewitte V, Lanszweert F, Notebaert D, Roets A, Soetens B, et al. Rehabilitation of scapular muscle balance which exercises to prescribe? Am J Sports Med. 2007;35(10):1744-51.
  • 18. Hermens HJ, Freriks B, Disselhorst-Klug C, Rau G. Development of recommendations for SEMG sensors and sensor placement procedures. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2000;10(5):361-74.
  • 19. Colado JC, Garcia-Masso X, Triplett TN, Flandez J, Borreani S, Tella V. Concurrent validation of the OMNI-resistance exercise scale of perceived exertion with Thera-band resistance bands. J Strength Cond Res. 2012;26(11):3018-24.
  • 20. Harput G, Howard JS, Mattacola C. Comparison of muscle activation levels between healthy individuals and persons who have undergone anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction during different phases of weight-bearing exercises. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2016;46(11):984-92.
  • 21. Kibler WB, Sciascia AD, Uhl TL, Tambay N, Cunningham T. Electromyographic analysis of specific exercises for scapular control in early phases of shoulder rehabilitation. Am J Sports Med. 2008;36(9):1789-98.
  • 22. De Mey K, Danneels L, Cagnie B, Cools AM. Scapular muscle rehabilitation exercises in overhead athletes with impingement symptoms: effect of a 6-week training program on muscle recruitment and functional outcome. Am J Sports Med. 2012;40(8):1906-15.
  • 23. Ekstrom RA, Donatelli RA, Soderberg GL. Surface electromyographic analysis of exercises for the trapezius and serratus anterior muscles. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2003;33(5):247-58.
  • 24. McClure PW, Michener LA, Sennett BJ, Karduna AR. Direct 3-dimensional measurement of scapular kinematics during dynamic movements in vivo. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2001;10(3):269-77.
Year 2017, Volume: 28 Issue: 3, 111 - 117, 14.12.2017
https://doi.org/10.21653/tfrd.360019

Abstract

References

  • 1. Michener LA, McClure PW, Karduna AR. Anatomical and biomechanical mechanisms of subacromial impingement syndrome. Clin Biomech. 2003;18(5):369-79.
  • 2. Harput G, Guney H, Toprak U, Colakoglu F, Baltaci G. Acute effects of scapular kinesiotaping on shoulder rotator strength, range of motion and acromiohumeral distance in asymptomatic overhead athletes. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2017;57(11):1479-85.
  • 3. Graichen H, Bonel H, Stammberger T, Englmeier KH, Reiser M, Eckstein F. Subacromial space width changes during abduction and rotation-a 3-D MR imaging study. Surg Radiol Anat. 1999;21(1):59-64.
  • 4. Ludewig PM, Reynolds JF. The association of scapular kinematics and glenohumeral joint pathologies. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2009;39(2):90-104.
  • 5. Lukasiewicz AC, McClure P, Michener L, Pratt N, Sennett B. Comparison of 3-dimensional scapular position and orientation between subjects with and without shoulder impingement. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1999;29(10):574-86.
  • 6. Oyama S, Myers JB, Wassinger CA, Lephart SM. Three-dimensional scapular and clavicular kinematics and scapular muscle activity during retraction exercises. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2010;40(3):169-79.
  • 7. Lee S-B, Kim K-J, O’Driscoll SW, Morrey BF, An K-N. Dynamic glenohumeral stability provided by the rotator cuff muscles in the mid-range and end-range of motion. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2000;82(6):849-57.
  • 8. Castelein B, Cagnie B, Parlevliet T, Cools A. Superficial and deep scapulothoracic muscle electromyographic activity during elevation exercises in the scapular plane. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2016;46(3):184-93.
  • 9. Castelein B, Cagnie B, Parlevliet T, Cools A. Scapulothoracic muscle activity during different types of elevation exercises, both in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome and healthy controls. Man Ther. 2016;23:33-9.
  • 10. Castelein B, Cools A, Parlevliet T, Cagnie B. Modifying the shoulder joint position during shrugging and retraction exercises alters the activation of the medial scapular muscles. Man Ther. 2016;21:250-5.
  • 11. Escamilla RF, Yamashiro K, Paulos L, Andrews JR. Shoulder muscle activity and function in common shoulder rehabilitation exercises. Sports Med. 2009;39(8):663-85.
  • 12. Bdaiwi AH, Mackenzie TA, Herrington L, Horsley I, Cools AM. Acromiohumeral distance during Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation of the lower trapezius and serratus anterior muscles in healthy participants. J Athl Train. 2015;50(7):713-8.
  • 13. Cools AM, Witvrouw EE, Mahieu NN, Danneels LA. Isokinetic scapular muscle performance in overhead athletes with and without impingement symptoms. J Athl Train. 2005;40(2):104- 10.
  • 14. Hébert LJ, Moffet H, McFadyen BJ, Dionne CE. Scapular behavior in shoulder impingement syndrome. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2002;83(1):60-9.
  • 15. Cools AM, Declercq GA, Cambier DC, Mahieu NN, Witvrouw EE. Trapezius activity and intramuscular balance during isokinetic exercise in overhead athletes with impingement symptoms. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2007;17(1):25-33.
  • 16. Michener LA, Sharma S, Cools AM, Timmons MK. Relative scapular muscle activity ratios are altered in subacromial pain syndrome. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2016;25(11):1861-7.
  • 17. Cools AM, Dewitte V, Lanszweert F, Notebaert D, Roets A, Soetens B, et al. Rehabilitation of scapular muscle balance which exercises to prescribe? Am J Sports Med. 2007;35(10):1744-51.
  • 18. Hermens HJ, Freriks B, Disselhorst-Klug C, Rau G. Development of recommendations for SEMG sensors and sensor placement procedures. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2000;10(5):361-74.
  • 19. Colado JC, Garcia-Masso X, Triplett TN, Flandez J, Borreani S, Tella V. Concurrent validation of the OMNI-resistance exercise scale of perceived exertion with Thera-band resistance bands. J Strength Cond Res. 2012;26(11):3018-24.
  • 20. Harput G, Howard JS, Mattacola C. Comparison of muscle activation levels between healthy individuals and persons who have undergone anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction during different phases of weight-bearing exercises. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2016;46(11):984-92.
  • 21. Kibler WB, Sciascia AD, Uhl TL, Tambay N, Cunningham T. Electromyographic analysis of specific exercises for scapular control in early phases of shoulder rehabilitation. Am J Sports Med. 2008;36(9):1789-98.
  • 22. De Mey K, Danneels L, Cagnie B, Cools AM. Scapular muscle rehabilitation exercises in overhead athletes with impingement symptoms: effect of a 6-week training program on muscle recruitment and functional outcome. Am J Sports Med. 2012;40(8):1906-15.
  • 23. Ekstrom RA, Donatelli RA, Soderberg GL. Surface electromyographic analysis of exercises for the trapezius and serratus anterior muscles. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2003;33(5):247-58.
  • 24. McClure PW, Michener LA, Sennett BJ, Karduna AR. Direct 3-dimensional measurement of scapular kinematics during dynamic movements in vivo. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2001;10(3):269-77.
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Gülcan Harput

Hande Güney Deniz

İrem Düzgün

Publication Date December 14, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 28 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Harput, G., Güney Deniz, H., & Düzgün, İ. (2017). Upper to Middle Trapezius Muscle Activation Ratio During Scapular Retraction Exercise at Different Shoulder Abduction Angles. Fizyoterapi Rehabilitasyon, 28(3), 111-117. https://doi.org/10.21653/tfrd.360019
AMA Harput G, Güney Deniz H, Düzgün İ. Upper to Middle Trapezius Muscle Activation Ratio During Scapular Retraction Exercise at Different Shoulder Abduction Angles. Fizyoterapi Rehabilitasyon. December 2017;28(3):111-117. doi:10.21653/tfrd.360019
Chicago Harput, Gülcan, Hande Güney Deniz, and İrem Düzgün. “Upper to Middle Trapezius Muscle Activation Ratio During Scapular Retraction Exercise at Different Shoulder Abduction Angles”. Fizyoterapi Rehabilitasyon 28, no. 3 (December 2017): 111-17. https://doi.org/10.21653/tfrd.360019.
EndNote Harput G, Güney Deniz H, Düzgün İ (December 1, 2017) Upper to Middle Trapezius Muscle Activation Ratio During Scapular Retraction Exercise at Different Shoulder Abduction Angles. Fizyoterapi Rehabilitasyon 28 3 111–117.
IEEE G. Harput, H. Güney Deniz, and İ. Düzgün, “Upper to Middle Trapezius Muscle Activation Ratio During Scapular Retraction Exercise at Different Shoulder Abduction Angles”, Fizyoterapi Rehabilitasyon, vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 111–117, 2017, doi: 10.21653/tfrd.360019.
ISNAD Harput, Gülcan et al. “Upper to Middle Trapezius Muscle Activation Ratio During Scapular Retraction Exercise at Different Shoulder Abduction Angles”. Fizyoterapi Rehabilitasyon 28/3 (December 2017), 111-117. https://doi.org/10.21653/tfrd.360019.
JAMA Harput G, Güney Deniz H, Düzgün İ. Upper to Middle Trapezius Muscle Activation Ratio During Scapular Retraction Exercise at Different Shoulder Abduction Angles. Fizyoterapi Rehabilitasyon. 2017;28:111–117.
MLA Harput, Gülcan et al. “Upper to Middle Trapezius Muscle Activation Ratio During Scapular Retraction Exercise at Different Shoulder Abduction Angles”. Fizyoterapi Rehabilitasyon, vol. 28, no. 3, 2017, pp. 111-7, doi:10.21653/tfrd.360019.
Vancouver Harput G, Güney Deniz H, Düzgün İ. Upper to Middle Trapezius Muscle Activation Ratio During Scapular Retraction Exercise at Different Shoulder Abduction Angles. Fizyoterapi Rehabilitasyon. 2017;28(3):111-7.