Amaç: Osteoporoz postmenopozal kadınlarda sık görülen önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Çalış- mamızın amacı Kırıkkale ilinde yaşayan kadınların osteoporoz bilgi düzeyini ve bilgi düzeyi ile yaş ve eğitim düzeyi arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmaktır.
Yöntem: Çalışmaya 263 kadın katıldı. Katılımcıların özellikle osteoporozla ilişkili olabilecek risk faktörlerine yönelik sosyo-demografik verileri kaydedilmiştir. Literatüre dayanarak, çalışmaya katı- lanlar genç yetişkin (45 yaş altı) ve orta yaş (45-64 yaş arası) olarak iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Ayrıca ka- tılımcılar, eğitim durumuna göre ilköğretim ile lise ve üstü (8 yıl ve altı, 8 yıl üstü) gruplandırılmıştır. Katılımcıların osteoporoz hakkındaki bilgi düzeyini değerlendirmek Osteoporoz Öz-etkililik/yeterlik Ölçeği Türkçe Formu ve Osteoporoz Genel Bilgi Puanı Ölçeği (OGBP) kullanıldı.
Sonuçlar: Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 38.98±13.81 yıl, vücut kütle indeksi (VKİ) 27.26±0.39 kg/ m2, eğitim yılı ortalaması 8.65±5.16 yıl idi. Osteoporoz Egzersiz Öz-etkililik/yeterlik puanı ile eği- tim yılı (p=0.001; r=0.326 ) ve Osteoporoz Egzersiz Öz-etkililik/yeterlik puanı ile düzenli egzersiz alışkanlığı (p=0.001) arasında pozitif ilişki vardı. Benzer olarak, Osteoporoz Öz-etkililik/yeterlik Öl- çeğinin toplam puanı ile eğitim yılı (p=0.001; r=0.293) ve düzenli egzersiz alışkanlığı arasında pozi- tif (p=0.001) ilişki saptandı. Osteoporoz Öz-etkililik/yeterlik Ölçeğinin alt bölümü olan Osteoporoz Kalsiyum Öz-etkililik/ yeterlik alt ölçeğinin puanı ile eğitim yılı (p=0.006; r=0.170 ) pozitif ilişki sap- tandı. Osteoporoz Kalsiyum Öz-etkililik/ yeterlik alt ölçeğinin puanı ile düzenli egzersiz alışkanlığı arasında anlamlı bir ilişki yoktu (p=0.816).
Tartışma: Bizim çalışmamızda Kırıkkale’de yaşayan kadınların osteoporoz bilgi düzeyinin eğitim düzeyine paralel olarak arttığı ve genç kadınların osteoporoz konusundaki bilgi düzeylerinin daha yüksek olduğu görüldü.
References
Dontas IA, Yiannakopoulos CK. Risk factors and prevention of osteoporosis-related fractures. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Inte- ract. 2007;7(3):268-72.
Stevenson M, Davis S, Lloyd-Jones M, Beverley C. The clinical ef- fectiveness and cost-e ectiveness of strontium ranelate for the prevention of osteoporotic fragility fractures in postmenopausal women. Health Technol Assess. 2007;11(4):1-134.
Uçan Ö, Taşçı S, Ovayolu N. Osteoporozda risk faktörleri ve ko- runmanın önemi. Fırat Sağlık Hizmetleri Dergisi. 2007;2(6):73- 86.
Angin E, Erden Z. The e ect of group exercise on postmenopa- usal osteoporosis and osteopenia. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2009;43(4):343-50.
Seçginli S. Kadınların osteoporoza ilişkin bilgi, inanç ve risk fak- törlerinin incelenmesi. Atatürk Üniv. Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Der- gisi. 2007;10(1):77-88.
National Osteoporosis Foundation (NOF) (homepage on the Internet). Washington, DC: National Osteoporosis Foundation; c2014. [cited 2015 May 25]. Clinician’s Guide to Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis. Available from: http://nof.org/files/ nof/public/content/file/917/upload/481.pdf
Aksu A, Zinnuroğlu M, Karaoğlan B, Akın S, Kutsal YG, Atalay F, ve ark. Osteoporoz, eğitim durumu ve farkındalık düzeyi araştırma sonuçları. Turk J Osteoporos. 2005;11(1):36–40.
Ciesielczuk N, Glibowski P, Szczepanik J. Awareness of factors a ecting osteoporosis obtained from a survey on retired Polish subjects. Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2014;65(2):147.
Caroli A, Poli A, Ricotta D, Banfi G, Cocchi D. Invited review: Dairy intake and bone health: a viewpoint from the state of the art. J Dairy Sci. 2011;94(11):5249-62.
Puttapitakpong P, Chaikittisilpa S, Panyakhamlerd K, Nimnuan C, Jaisamram U, Taechakraichana N. Inter-correlation of know- ledge, attitude, and osteoporosis preventive behaviors in wo- men around the age of peak bone mass. BMC Women’s Health. 2014;14(1):35.
Carter MI, Hinton PS. Physical activity and bone health. Mo Med. 2014;111(1):59-64.
WHO scientific group on the assessment of osteoporosis at primary health care level Summary, Meeting Report, Brussels,Belgium 5-7 May 2014. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO press, 2007 [cited 2015 May 2015] Available from: http://www.who.int/chp/ topics/Osteoporosis.pdf.
Boonen S, Vanderschueren D, Cheng XG, Verbeke G, Dequeker J, Geusens P. et al. Age related (Type II) femoral neck osteoporosis in men: biochemical evidence for both hypovitaminosis d–and androgen deficiency–ınduced bone resorption. J Bone Miner Res. 1997;12(12):2119-26.
Curry LC, Hogstel MO. Risk status related to knowledge of oste- oporosis in older women. J Women Aging. 2001;13:71-83.
Melton JL. Epidemiology of spinal osteoporosis. Spine (Phila PA
. 1997;22(24):2S–11S.
Britnell SJ, Cole JV, Isherwood L, Sran MM, Britnell N, Burgi S et
al. Postural health in women: the role of physiotherapy. J Obstet
Gynaecol Can. 2005;27(5):493-500.
Hanley DA, Josse RG. Prevention and management of osteopo-
rosis: consensus statements from the Scientific Advisory Board of the Osteoporosis Society of Canada. 1. Introduction. CMAJ. 1996;155(7):921-3.
Şahin E, Dilek B, Baydar M, Kösehasanoğulları M, Uçku R, Öncel S. Awareness of osteoporosis and its related factors a er distal radius fractures in patients aged 45 years and older. Turk J Phys Med Rehab. 2013;59:52-6.
Çıtıl R, Özdemir M, Poyrazoğlu S, Balcı E, Aykut M, Öztürk Y. Kayseri Melikgazi Sağlık Grup Başkanlığı bölgesindeki kadınla- rın osteoporoza yönelik bilgi ve davranışları. Turk J Osteoporos. 2007;13:60-6.
Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. [homepage on the Internet]. Seçilmiş göstergelerle Kırıkkale 2013. Available from: http://www.tuik. gov.tr/ilGostergeleri/iller/KIRIKKALE.pdf. 02.12.2014.
Cihan B., Bozo Ö. Genç yetişkin kadınlarda zayı ama haplarına yönelik tutumları ölçen bir ölçeğin geliştirilmesi. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları. 2012;15(30):62-8.
Ungan M, Tümer M. Turkish women’s knowledge of osteoporosis. Fam Pract. 2001;18(2):199-203.
Kim KK, Horan ML, Gendler P, Patel MK. Development and evalu- ation of the Osteoporosis Health Belief Scale. Res Nurs Health. 1991;14(2):155-63.
Kılıç D, Erci B. Osteoporoz sağlık inanç ölçeği, osteoporoz öz-etkililik/yeterlik ölçeği ve osteoporoz bilgi testi’nin geçerli- lik ve güvenirliği. Atatürk Üniv. Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi. 2004;7(2):89-102.
Hayran M, Hayran M. Sağlık araştırmaları için temel istatistik. 1st ed. Ankara: Omega yayınları; 2011.
Yao FA, Dobs AS, Brown TT. Alternative therapies for osteoporo- sis. Am J Chin Med. 2006;34(5):721-30.
Wayne PM, Kiel DP, Krebs DE, Davis RB, Savetsky-German J, Con- nelly M, et al. The e ects of Tai Chi on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: a systematic review. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2007;88(5):673-80.
Bennell K, Khan K, McKay H. The role of physiotherapy in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Man Ther. 2000;5(4),198-213.
Sran MM, Khan KM. Physiotherapy and osteoporosis: prac- tice behaviors and clinicians’ perceptions a survey. Man Ther. 2005;10(1):21–7.
Nikander R, Sievanen H, Heinonen A, Daly RM, Uusi-Rasi K, Kan- nus, P. Targeted exercise against osteoporosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis for optimising bone strength throu- ghout life. BMC Med. 2010;8(1):47.
Heinonen A, Kannus P, SievAnen H, Oja P, Pasanen M, Rinne M,
et al. Randomised controlled trial of e ect of high-impact exer- cise on selected risk factors for osteoporotic fractures. Lancet. 1996;348(9038):1343–7.
Borer KT. Physical activity in the prevention and amelioration of osteoporosis in women: interaction of mechanical, hormonal and dietary factors. Sports Med. 2005;35(9):779-830.
Daşkapan A, Atalay KD. Perceived exercise benefits and bar- riers among Turkish women: a pilot study. Fizyoter Rehabil. 2013;24(1):127-34.
Srivastava M, Fatima GN, Srivastava R, and Singh, MM. Assess- ment of awareness of osteoporosis amongst unmarried ındian girl students pursuing undergraduate and postgraduate profes- sional courses. Asian J Oral Health Allied Sci. 2013;3(1):2.
Matthews HL, Laya M, DeWitt DE. Rural women and oste- oporosis: awareness and educational needs. J Rural Health. 2006;22(3):279-83.
Velasco-Murillo V, Navarrete-Hernández E, Ojeda-Mijares RI, Pozos-Cavanzo JL, Camacho-Rodríquez MA, Cardona-Pérez JA. Experience and knowledge about climateric and menopause in women in Mexico City. Gac Med Mex. 2000;136(6):555–64.
Terrio K, Auld GW. Osteoporosis knowledge, calcium intake, and weight-bearing physical activity in three age groups of women. J Community Health. 2002; 27(5): 307-20.
Monsanto HA. Level of awareness about osteoporosis among women 50 years and older in Puerto Rico. P R Health Sci J. 2010;29(1):54-9.
Alexandraki KI, Syriou V, Ziakas PD, Apostolopoulos NV, Alexand- rakis AI, Piperi C, et al. The knowledge of osteoporosis risk fac- tors in a Greek female population. Maturitas. 2008;59(1):38-45.
Magnus JH, Joakimsen RM, Berntsen GK, Tollan A, Sogaard AJ. What do Norwegian women and men know about osteoporosis? Osteoporosis Int. 1996;6(1):31-6.
Gemalmaz A, Oge A. Knowledge and awareness about osteopo- rosis and its related factors among rural Turkish women. Clin Rheumatol. 2008;27(6):723–8.
Etemadifar MR, Nourian SM, Fereidan-Esfahani M, ShemshakiH, Nourbakhsh M, Zarezadeh A. Relationship of knowledge about osteoporosis with education level and life habits. World J Orthop. 2013;4(3):139-43.
Pande K, Pande S, Tripathi S, Kanoi R, Thakur A, Patle S. Poor knowledge about osteoporosis in learned Indian women. JAPI. 2005;53:433–6.
Elliott JO, Jacobson MP, Seals BF. Self-e icacy, knowledge, he- alth beliefs, quality of life, and stigma in relation to osteoprote- ctive behaviors in epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2006;9(3):478-91.
Kutsal YG, Atalay A, Arslan S, Başaran A, Cantürk F, Cindaş A, et al. Awareness of osteoporotic patients. Osteoporos Int. 2005;16:128-33.
Werner P, Olchovsky D, Erlich-Gelaki H, Vered I. First-degree rela- tives of persons su ering from osteoporosis: beliefs, knowledge, and health-related behavior. Osteoporos Int. 2003;14(4):306-11.
Saw SM, Hong CY, Lee J, Wong M L, Chan MF, Cheng A, et al. Awareness and health beliefs of women towards osteoporosis. Osteoporosis Int. 2003;14(7):595-601.
Ailinger, RL, Emerson J. Women’s knowledge of osteoporosis. Appl Nurs Res. 1998;11(3):111-4.
Weiss M, Sankaran G. A health education initiative: teaching col- lege women about osteoporosis. J Nurs Educ. 1998;37(6):271-4. 50. Yurdakul M, Eker A, ve Kaya D. Menopozal dönemdeki kadın- ların yaşam kalitesinin değerlendirilmesi. FÜ Sağ. Bil. Derg.
Dontas IA, Yiannakopoulos CK. Risk factors and prevention of osteoporosis-related fractures. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Inte- ract. 2007;7(3):268-72.
Stevenson M, Davis S, Lloyd-Jones M, Beverley C. The clinical ef- fectiveness and cost-e ectiveness of strontium ranelate for the prevention of osteoporotic fragility fractures in postmenopausal women. Health Technol Assess. 2007;11(4):1-134.
Uçan Ö, Taşçı S, Ovayolu N. Osteoporozda risk faktörleri ve ko- runmanın önemi. Fırat Sağlık Hizmetleri Dergisi. 2007;2(6):73- 86.
Angin E, Erden Z. The e ect of group exercise on postmenopa- usal osteoporosis and osteopenia. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2009;43(4):343-50.
Seçginli S. Kadınların osteoporoza ilişkin bilgi, inanç ve risk fak- törlerinin incelenmesi. Atatürk Üniv. Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Der- gisi. 2007;10(1):77-88.
National Osteoporosis Foundation (NOF) (homepage on the Internet). Washington, DC: National Osteoporosis Foundation; c2014. [cited 2015 May 25]. Clinician’s Guide to Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis. Available from: http://nof.org/files/ nof/public/content/file/917/upload/481.pdf
Aksu A, Zinnuroğlu M, Karaoğlan B, Akın S, Kutsal YG, Atalay F, ve ark. Osteoporoz, eğitim durumu ve farkındalık düzeyi araştırma sonuçları. Turk J Osteoporos. 2005;11(1):36–40.
Ciesielczuk N, Glibowski P, Szczepanik J. Awareness of factors a ecting osteoporosis obtained from a survey on retired Polish subjects. Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2014;65(2):147.
Caroli A, Poli A, Ricotta D, Banfi G, Cocchi D. Invited review: Dairy intake and bone health: a viewpoint from the state of the art. J Dairy Sci. 2011;94(11):5249-62.
Puttapitakpong P, Chaikittisilpa S, Panyakhamlerd K, Nimnuan C, Jaisamram U, Taechakraichana N. Inter-correlation of know- ledge, attitude, and osteoporosis preventive behaviors in wo- men around the age of peak bone mass. BMC Women’s Health. 2014;14(1):35.
Carter MI, Hinton PS. Physical activity and bone health. Mo Med. 2014;111(1):59-64.
WHO scientific group on the assessment of osteoporosis at primary health care level Summary, Meeting Report, Brussels,Belgium 5-7 May 2014. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO press, 2007 [cited 2015 May 2015] Available from: http://www.who.int/chp/ topics/Osteoporosis.pdf.
Boonen S, Vanderschueren D, Cheng XG, Verbeke G, Dequeker J, Geusens P. et al. Age related (Type II) femoral neck osteoporosis in men: biochemical evidence for both hypovitaminosis d–and androgen deficiency–ınduced bone resorption. J Bone Miner Res. 1997;12(12):2119-26.
Curry LC, Hogstel MO. Risk status related to knowledge of oste- oporosis in older women. J Women Aging. 2001;13:71-83.
Melton JL. Epidemiology of spinal osteoporosis. Spine (Phila PA
. 1997;22(24):2S–11S.
Britnell SJ, Cole JV, Isherwood L, Sran MM, Britnell N, Burgi S et
al. Postural health in women: the role of physiotherapy. J Obstet
Gynaecol Can. 2005;27(5):493-500.
Hanley DA, Josse RG. Prevention and management of osteopo-
rosis: consensus statements from the Scientific Advisory Board of the Osteoporosis Society of Canada. 1. Introduction. CMAJ. 1996;155(7):921-3.
Şahin E, Dilek B, Baydar M, Kösehasanoğulları M, Uçku R, Öncel S. Awareness of osteoporosis and its related factors a er distal radius fractures in patients aged 45 years and older. Turk J Phys Med Rehab. 2013;59:52-6.
Çıtıl R, Özdemir M, Poyrazoğlu S, Balcı E, Aykut M, Öztürk Y. Kayseri Melikgazi Sağlık Grup Başkanlığı bölgesindeki kadınla- rın osteoporoza yönelik bilgi ve davranışları. Turk J Osteoporos. 2007;13:60-6.
Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. [homepage on the Internet]. Seçilmiş göstergelerle Kırıkkale 2013. Available from: http://www.tuik. gov.tr/ilGostergeleri/iller/KIRIKKALE.pdf. 02.12.2014.
Cihan B., Bozo Ö. Genç yetişkin kadınlarda zayı ama haplarına yönelik tutumları ölçen bir ölçeğin geliştirilmesi. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları. 2012;15(30):62-8.
Ungan M, Tümer M. Turkish women’s knowledge of osteoporosis. Fam Pract. 2001;18(2):199-203.
Kim KK, Horan ML, Gendler P, Patel MK. Development and evalu- ation of the Osteoporosis Health Belief Scale. Res Nurs Health. 1991;14(2):155-63.
Kılıç D, Erci B. Osteoporoz sağlık inanç ölçeği, osteoporoz öz-etkililik/yeterlik ölçeği ve osteoporoz bilgi testi’nin geçerli- lik ve güvenirliği. Atatürk Üniv. Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi. 2004;7(2):89-102.
Hayran M, Hayran M. Sağlık araştırmaları için temel istatistik. 1st ed. Ankara: Omega yayınları; 2011.
Yao FA, Dobs AS, Brown TT. Alternative therapies for osteoporo- sis. Am J Chin Med. 2006;34(5):721-30.
Wayne PM, Kiel DP, Krebs DE, Davis RB, Savetsky-German J, Con- nelly M, et al. The e ects of Tai Chi on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: a systematic review. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2007;88(5):673-80.
Bennell K, Khan K, McKay H. The role of physiotherapy in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Man Ther. 2000;5(4),198-213.
Sran MM, Khan KM. Physiotherapy and osteoporosis: prac- tice behaviors and clinicians’ perceptions a survey. Man Ther. 2005;10(1):21–7.
Nikander R, Sievanen H, Heinonen A, Daly RM, Uusi-Rasi K, Kan- nus, P. Targeted exercise against osteoporosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis for optimising bone strength throu- ghout life. BMC Med. 2010;8(1):47.
Heinonen A, Kannus P, SievAnen H, Oja P, Pasanen M, Rinne M,
et al. Randomised controlled trial of e ect of high-impact exer- cise on selected risk factors for osteoporotic fractures. Lancet. 1996;348(9038):1343–7.
Borer KT. Physical activity in the prevention and amelioration of osteoporosis in women: interaction of mechanical, hormonal and dietary factors. Sports Med. 2005;35(9):779-830.
Daşkapan A, Atalay KD. Perceived exercise benefits and bar- riers among Turkish women: a pilot study. Fizyoter Rehabil. 2013;24(1):127-34.
Srivastava M, Fatima GN, Srivastava R, and Singh, MM. Assess- ment of awareness of osteoporosis amongst unmarried ındian girl students pursuing undergraduate and postgraduate profes- sional courses. Asian J Oral Health Allied Sci. 2013;3(1):2.
Matthews HL, Laya M, DeWitt DE. Rural women and oste- oporosis: awareness and educational needs. J Rural Health. 2006;22(3):279-83.
Velasco-Murillo V, Navarrete-Hernández E, Ojeda-Mijares RI, Pozos-Cavanzo JL, Camacho-Rodríquez MA, Cardona-Pérez JA. Experience and knowledge about climateric and menopause in women in Mexico City. Gac Med Mex. 2000;136(6):555–64.
Terrio K, Auld GW. Osteoporosis knowledge, calcium intake, and weight-bearing physical activity in three age groups of women. J Community Health. 2002; 27(5): 307-20.
Monsanto HA. Level of awareness about osteoporosis among women 50 years and older in Puerto Rico. P R Health Sci J. 2010;29(1):54-9.
Alexandraki KI, Syriou V, Ziakas PD, Apostolopoulos NV, Alexand- rakis AI, Piperi C, et al. The knowledge of osteoporosis risk fac- tors in a Greek female population. Maturitas. 2008;59(1):38-45.
Magnus JH, Joakimsen RM, Berntsen GK, Tollan A, Sogaard AJ. What do Norwegian women and men know about osteoporosis? Osteoporosis Int. 1996;6(1):31-6.
Gemalmaz A, Oge A. Knowledge and awareness about osteopo- rosis and its related factors among rural Turkish women. Clin Rheumatol. 2008;27(6):723–8.
Etemadifar MR, Nourian SM, Fereidan-Esfahani M, ShemshakiH, Nourbakhsh M, Zarezadeh A. Relationship of knowledge about osteoporosis with education level and life habits. World J Orthop. 2013;4(3):139-43.
Pande K, Pande S, Tripathi S, Kanoi R, Thakur A, Patle S. Poor knowledge about osteoporosis in learned Indian women. JAPI. 2005;53:433–6.
Elliott JO, Jacobson MP, Seals BF. Self-e icacy, knowledge, he- alth beliefs, quality of life, and stigma in relation to osteoprote- ctive behaviors in epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2006;9(3):478-91.
Kutsal YG, Atalay A, Arslan S, Başaran A, Cantürk F, Cindaş A, et al. Awareness of osteoporotic patients. Osteoporos Int. 2005;16:128-33.
Werner P, Olchovsky D, Erlich-Gelaki H, Vered I. First-degree rela- tives of persons su ering from osteoporosis: beliefs, knowledge, and health-related behavior. Osteoporos Int. 2003;14(4):306-11.
Saw SM, Hong CY, Lee J, Wong M L, Chan MF, Cheng A, et al. Awareness and health beliefs of women towards osteoporosis. Osteoporosis Int. 2003;14(7):595-601.
Ailinger, RL, Emerson J. Women’s knowledge of osteoporosis. Appl Nurs Res. 1998;11(3):111-4.
Weiss M, Sankaran G. A health education initiative: teaching col- lege women about osteoporosis. J Nurs Educ. 1998;37(6):271-4. 50. Yurdakul M, Eker A, ve Kaya D. Menopozal dönemdeki kadın- ların yaşam kalitesinin değerlendirilmesi. FÜ Sağ. Bil. Derg.