Recent Approaches to Antibacterial Textile Production Using Inorganic, Organic, and Sustainable Bioactive Substances: A Review

Abstract

Antibiotics have ushered in a new era in the treatment of bacterial infections. However, over time, microorganisms have developed resistance mechanisms that increasingly limit available treatment options. Consequently, identifying novel antibacterial bioactive substances and advancing research in this field have become urgent priorities. In addition, antibacterial textiles can contribute to reducing contamination in high human-traffic settings, such as hotels and hospitals. Textile materials, due to their moisture content and nutrients, provide a suitable growing medium for bacteria. Bacteria that grow in contaminated textiles pose a threat to public health and reduce textile performance. Textile materials produced from various raw materials, such as cotton, polyester, and wool, can be gained antibacterial properties via appropriate bioactive substances and under appropriate conditions. Bioactive substances used in antibacterial textile applications are primarily divided into two categories: organic and inorganic. These substances can be produced synthetically or derived from natural sources, such as chitosan and casein, or from sustainable sources, such as coffee and tea waste. This study analyzes antibacterial textile research published between 2015 and 2025, retrieved from the Web of Science and ScienceDirect databases. The studies were categorized as either organic or inorganic according to the type of bioactive substances used in antibacterial textile production, and these categories were further subdivided based on production methods. The article presents an overview of the production processes of these bioactive substances, their application methods on textile materials, and the outcomes of antibacterial performance evaluations.

Keywords

• Antibacterial
• antibacterial textiles
• bioactive compounds
• functional textiles

İnorganik, Organik ve Sürdürülebilir Biyoaktif Maddeler Kullanılarak Antibakteriyel Tekstil Üretimine Yönelik Son Yaklaşımlar: Bir İnceleme

Abstract

Antibiyotikler, bakteriyel enfeksiyonların tedavisinde yeni bir çağ başlatmıştır. Ancak zamanla mikroorganizmalar, mevcut tedavi seçeneklerini giderek sınırlayan direnç mekanizmaları geliştirmiştir. Sonuç olarak, yeni antibakteriyel biyoaktif maddelerin belirlenmesi ve bu alandaki araştırmaların ilerletilmesi acil öncelikler haline gelmiştir. Ayrıca, antibakteriyel tekstiller, otel ve hastane gibi yoğun insan trafiğine sahip ortamlarda kontaminasyonun azaltılmasına katkıda bulunabilir. Tekstil malzemeleri, nem içeriği ve besin maddeleri nedeniyle bakteriler için uygun bir üreme ortamı sağlar. Kirlenmiş tekstillerde üreyen bakteriler halk sağlığı için tehdit oluşturur ve tekstil performansını düşürür. Pamuk, polyester ve yün gibi çeşitli hammaddelerden üretilen tekstil malzemelerine, uygun biyoaktif maddeler ve uygun koşullar altında antibakteriyel özellikler kazandırılabilir. Antibakteriyel tekstil uygulamalarında kullanılan biyoaktif maddeler temel olarak organik ve inorganik olmak üzere iki kategoriye ayrılır. Bu maddeler sentetik olarak üretilebilir veya kitosan ve kazein gibi doğal kaynaklardan ya da kahve ve çay atıkları gibi sürdürülebilir kaynaklardan elde edilebilir. Bu çalışma, Web of Science ve ScienceDirect veri tabanlarından alınan, 2015-2025 yılları arasında yayınlanan antibakteriyel tekstil araştırmalarını analiz etmektedir. Çalışmalar, antibakteriyel tekstil üretiminde kullanılan biyoaktif maddelerin türüne göre organik veya inorganik olarak sınıflandırılmış ve bu kategoriler üretim yöntemlerine göre alt gruplara ayrılmıştır. Makale, bu biyoaktif maddelerin üretim süreçlerine, tekstil malzemelerine uygulama yöntemlerine ve antibakteriyel performans değerlendirmelerinin sonuçlarına genel bir bakış sunmaktadır.

Keywords

• Antibakteriyel
• Antibakteriyel tekstiller
• Biyoaktif maddeler
• fonksiyonel tekstiller

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