Borlu atık sulardan izole edilen siyanobakterilerin antimikrobiyal aktiviteleri

Öz

Amaç: Siyanobakteriler içerdikleri fotosentetik pigmentler nedeniyle “mavi-yeşil algler” olarak bilinen Gram-negatif prokaryotik mikroorganizmalardır. Antartikadan jeotermal alanlara kadar çok çeşitli sucul habitatlarda geniş bir yayılım gösterirler. Bazı siyanobakteri türlerinin ürettikleri toksinler insan ve hayvan sağlığı için tehlike oluşturmaktadır. Bazı türlerin primer protein, vitamin, yağ asitleri ve pigmentler gibi ve sekonder antibakteriyal, antifungal, antiviral, antiinflamatuar, antihelmintik özelliklere sahip biyoaktif bileşikler gibi metabolitleri gıda, sağlık, ilaç, biyokimya vb. alanlarda önemli bir potansiyele sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, borlu atık sulardan izole edilmiş siyanobakterilerin seçilen bakteri, maya ve küflere karşı antimikrobiyal aktivite potansiyellerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: BG 11 besiyeri içeren petrilerde geliştirilen siyanobakteri kültürlerinden 6 mm çaplı agar delici yardımıyla çıkarılan bloklar seçilen test mikroorganizmalarını içeren petrilere yerleştirilmiş ve inkübasyona bırakılmıştır. İnkübasyon sonunda agar bloklarının etrafında oluşan inhibisyon zonları ölçülmüştür. Bulgular: Antimikrobiyal potansiyelleri araştırılan toplam 30 siyanobakteri izolatından 4 nolu izolat Enterobacter aerogenes üzerine 20 mm, Bacillus cereus üzerine 15 mm, Staphylococcus aureus üzerine 14 mm, Candida glabrata üzerine 21 mm, Aspergillus flavus üzerine 28 mm, Aspergillus fumigatus üzerine 20 mm, Aspergillus parasiticus üzerine 30 mm ve Fusarium solani üzerine 22 mm inhibisyon zonu göstererek en etkili izolat olmuştur. Sonuç: Siyanobakteri izolatlarının hemen hemen hepsinin bakterilerden Enterobacter aerogenes ve Yersinia enterocolitica’ya, mayalardan Candida albicans ve Candida glabrata’ya karşı etkili oldukları görülmüştür. İleride yapılacak çalışmalarla antimikrobiyal aktivitelerden sorumlu biyoaktif bileşiklerin saflaştırılmaları ve tanımlanmaları hedeflenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Siyanobakteriler, antimikrobiyal, bioaktif bileşikler

Antimicrobial activity of cyanobacteria isolated from waste water containing boron

Abstract

Objective: Cyanobacteria are Gram-negative prokaryotic microorganisms known as “blue-green algae” in terms of their photosynthetic pigments. They spread widely in a variety of aquatic habitats from Antarctica to geothermal fields. The toxins produced by some cyanobacterial species pose a threat to human and animal health. Primer metabolites such as protein, vitamin, fatty acids and pigments and seconder metabolites such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiinflammatory, bioactive compounds with antihelminthic properties of some species have an important potential in health, medicine and biochemistry areas etc. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the antimicrobial activity potentials of cyanobacteria isolated from waste water containing boron against selected bacteria, yeast and filamentous fungi. Methods: Agar blocks with a 6 mm diameter were removed from cyanobacterial cultures grown on to the BG 11 medium were placed in petri dishes containing selected test microorganisms and let to incubation. At the end of the incubation time, inhibition zones formed around the agar blocks were measured. Results: Isolate 4 was the most effective cyanobacteria among the 30 cyanobacterial isolates. Isolate 4 was shown antimicrobial activity against to Enterobacter aerogenes with 20 mm, Bacillus cereus with 15 mm, Staphylococcus aureus with 14 mm, Candida glabrata with 21 mm, Aspergillus flavus with 28 mm, Aspergillus fumigatus with 20 mm, Aspergillus parasiticus with 30 mm, Fusarium solani with 22 mm inhibition zone diameters. Conclusion: According to our results, almost all of the cyanobacterial isolates were found to be effective against to majority of test microorganisms especially Enterobacter aerogenes and Yersinia enterocolitica bacteria, Candida albicans and Candida glabrata yeasts. It was aimed that the purification and identification of bioactive compounds responsible for antimicrobial activities in future works.

Keywords

• Cyanobacteria, antimicrobial, bioactive compounds

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