Nadir bir patojen Hafnia Alvei: Olgu sunumu ve literatürün gözden geçirilmesi

Öz

Hafnia alvei, insan gastrointestinal florasında bulunan gram negatif bir basildir. İlk kez 1954 yılında tanımlanmıştır. Toplum kökenli ya da sağlık hizmeti ilişkili enfeksiyon etkeni olabilen bu mikroorganizmanın, günümüze kadar sadece bir kez salgına neden olduğu bilinmektedir. Ayrıca ölüm ile seyreden vaka sayısı oldukça azdır. Bu çalışmada diyabetes mellitus, hipertansiyon ve serebrovasküler hastalıkları olan 71 yaşında erkek hastada Hafnia alvei’nin neden olduğu toplum kökenli idrar yolu enfeksiyonu olgusu sunulmaktadır. Hasta, siprofloksasin yedi gün ile tedavi edildi. Hafnia alvei, aminoglikozidler, kinolon grubu antibiyotikler ve üçüncü kuşak sefalosporinler ile tedavi edilebilir. Nadiren enfeksiyon etkeni olan bu tür mikroorganizmalardan korunmak amacı ile toplum ve sağlık profesyonellerinin bilgilendirilmesi ve farkındalığının artırılması için çeşitli stratejilerin geliştirilmesi, enfeksiyonların önlenmesini sağlayabilir. Ancak bunun gerçekleşebilmesi için iç hastalıkları, enfeksiyon kontrol ve halk sağlığı hemşireleri ile diğer sağlık profesyonelleri multidisipliner olarak çalışmalıdırlar

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hafnia alvei, idrar yolu enfeksiyonu, sağlık hizmeti ilişkili enfeksiyon, toplum kökenli enfeksiyon

A rare pathogen Hafnia Alvei: Case report and literature rewiew

Abstract

Hafnia alvei is a gram-negative bacillus found in human gastrointestinal flora. It was first described in 1954. It is known that this microorganism, which may be a community-acquired or health care-associated infection agent, cause only one epidemic to date. In addition to, the number of cases with death is quite low. In this study, we present a case of communityacquired urinary tract infection caused by Hafnia alvei in a 71-year-old male patient with diabetes mellitus, hypertension and cerebrovascular diseases. The patient was treated with ciprofloxacin seven days . Hafnia alvei can be treated with aminoglycosides, quinolone antibiotics and 3rd generation cephalosporins. In order to protect against these microorganisms which are rarely infectious agents, community and health professionals need to be informed and raised awareness. The development of various strategies for this may prevent infections. Therefore, internal medicine, infection control and public health nurses and other health professionals are recommended to work multidisciplinary

Keywords

• Hafnia alvei, urinary tract infection, healthcare related infection, community acquired infection

References

1. Janda JM, Abbott SL. The genus Hafnia: fromsoup to nuts. Clin Microbiol Rev, 2006; 19 (1): 12-8. DOI: 10.1128/CMR.19.1.12-28.2006.
2. Donnenberg MS. Enterobacteriaceae. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett’s Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2015; 2: 2503-17. DOI: /10.1016/B978-1-4557-4801- 3.00220-4.
3. Moreno C, Troncoso M, Coria De La P, Ledermann W, Del Valle G, Nuñez C et al. Report of four clinical cases of Hafnia alvei bacteremia in a pediatric cardiac surgery unit. Rev Chilena Infectol, 2010; 27 (1): 40-4. DOI: /S0716- 10182010000100006.
4. Yeager AM, Kanof ME, Kramer SS, Jones B, Saral R, Lake AM et al. Pneumatosis intestinalis in children after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. , 1987; 17 (1): 18-22.
5. Caravalho JR, McMillan VM, Ellis RB, Betancourt A. Endogenous endophthalmitis due to Salmonella arizonae and Hafnia alvei. South Med J, 1990; 83 (3): 325-7. Erratum in: South Med J 1990; 83 (5): 496. DOI: 10.1097/00007611- 199003000-00017.
6. Frick T, Kunz M, Vogt M, Turina M. Typical nosocomial infection with an unusual cause: Hafnia alvei. Report of 2 cases and literature review. Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax, 1990; 18; 79 (38): 1092-4.
7. Albert MJ, Alam K, Islam M, Montanaro J, Rahaman AS, Haider Ket al. Hafnia alvei, a probable cause of diarrhea in humans. Infect Immun, 1991; 59 (4): 1507-13.
8. Masaki H, Ide M, Mochinaga S, Kawachi Y, Fukuda K, Tsukamoto N et al. Hafnia alvei septicemia with shock and DIC in an adult with postoperative lung cancer. Kansenshogaku Zasshi, 1991; 65 (9): 1205-10.

9. Conte M, Castagnola E, Venzano P, Tasso L, Giacchino R. Bacteremia caused by Hafnia alvei in a human immunodeficiency virus-infected child. Pediatr Infect Dis J, 1996; 15 (2): 182-3.
10. Stanic M, Meusburger E, Hartmann G, Lhotta K. Hafnia alvei urosepsis in a kidney transplant patient. Case Rep Transplant, 2015; 2015: 863131. DOI: 10.1155/2015/863131.
11. Wiström J, Myrnäs T, Lundgren C, Monsen T. A case of acute cholecystitis due to Aeromonas sobria and Hafnia alvei from northern Europe. Clin Microbiol Infect, 1998; 4 (10): 607-9.
12. Pulcini C, Roth S, Bernard E, Vandenbos F, Bernard JL, Dellamonica P. Hafnia alvei bacteremia with liver and muscle abscess: a case report. Presse Med, 2003; 21; 32 (22): 1026-7.
13. Casanova-Román M, Sanchez-Porto A, Casanova- Bellido M. Late-onset neonatal sepsis due to Hafnia alvei. Scand J Infect Dis, 2004; 36 (1): 70-2.
14. Candoni A, Trevisan R, Filì C, Tiribelli M, Fanin R. Abdominal abscess and Hafnia alvei septicemia occurring during the aplastic phase after autologous stem-cell transplantation in a patient with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. J Infect Chemother, 2004; 10 (5): 303-6. DOI:10.1007/s10156-004-0341-3.
15. Redondo J, Maseda E, Riquelme A, Alday E, Uña R, Criado A. Hafnia alvei in a rare case of severe pneumonia in a postanesthesia recovery unit. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim, 2005; 52 (6): 359-62.
16. Hazouard E, Fauveau L, Marboeuf Y. Obstructive pyocholecystitis and septicaemia related from Hafnia alvei: influence of diabetes mellitus. Ann Fr Anesth Reanim, 2006; 25 (6): 665-6. DOI: 10.1016/j.annfar.2006.02.002.
17. Crandall C, Abbott SL, Zhao YQ, Probert W, Janda JM. Isolation of toxigenic Hafnia alvei from a probable case of hemolytic uremic syndrome. Infection, 2006; 34 (4): 227-9. DOI: 10.1007/s15010-006-5088-6.
18. Loulergue P, Lortholary O, Mainardi JL, Lecuit M. Hafnia alvei endocarditis following pyelonephritis in a permanent pacemaker carrier. Clin Infect Dis, 2007; 15; 44 (4): 621. DOI: 10.1086/511084.
19. Liu CH, Lin WJ, Wang CC, Lee KL, Tsai MC. Young-infant sepsis combined with urinary tract infection due to Hafnia alvei. J Formos Med Assoc, 2007; 106 (3 Suppl): 39-43. DOI: 10.1016/ S0929-6646(09)60365-X
20. Belfiori R, Terenzi A, Marchesini L, Repetto A. Absidia Corymbifera in an immune competent accident victim with multiple abdominal injuries: Case Report. BMC Infect Dis, 2007; 7: 46-50. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-7-46
21. Murphy AD, Conroy FJ, Regan PJ. Re: Hafnia alvei infection of the deep palmar space. J Hand Surg Eur Vol, 2008; 33 (4): 534. DOI: 10.1177/1753193408089524
22. Savini V, Di Bartolomeo E, Catavitello C, Talia M, Manna A, Febbo F et al. Graft versus host disease-related Hafnia alvei colonization and probable infection. J Med Microbiol, 2008; 57 (Pt 9): 1167-9. DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.2008/001164-0
23. Tabarelli W, Bonatti H, Cejna M, Hartmann G, Stelzmueller I, Wenzl E. Clostridium perfringens liver abscess after pancreatic resection. Surg Infect (Larchmt), 2009; 10 (2): 159-62. DOI: 10.1089/sur.2008.014
24. Palaniswamy C, Selvaraj DR, Selvaraj T. Gangrenous cholecystitis caused by Hafnia alvei: a case report and review of literature. J Am Med Dir Assoc, 2009; 10 (5): 361-3. DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2009.03.005
25. Karabulut AN, Özgür M, Karabulut M. Hafnia alvei’nin neden olduğu akut gastroenterit olgusu. ANKEM Derg, 2010; 24 (4): 231-3
26. Cardile AP, Forbes D, Cirigliano V, Stout B, Das NP, Hsue G. Hafnia alvei pyelonephritis in a renal transplant recipient: case report and review of an under-recognized nosocomial pathogen. Transpl Infect Dis, 2011; 13 (4): 407- 10. DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3062.2011.00600.x
27. Liliav B, Yakoub D, Kasabian A. Necrotizing fasciitis following endoscopic harvesting of the greater saphenous vein for coronary artery bypass graft. JSLS, 2011; 5 (1): 90-5. DOI: 10.42 93/108680811X13022985131453
28. Başoğlu TM, Oray D. Libyalı bir hastada Hafnia alvei’nin neden olduğu akut gastroenterit olgusu. Turk Hij Den Biol Derg, 2013; 70 (4): 201-4. DOI ID: 10.5505/TurkHijyen.2013.27122
29. Litrenta J, Oetgen M. Hafnia alvei: A new pathogen in open fractures. Trauma Case Rep, 2017; 18 (8): 41-5. DOI: 10.1016/j. tcr.2017.01.019
30. Horan TC, Andrus M, Dudeck MA. CDC/NHSN surveillance definition of health care-associated infection and criteria for specific types of infections in the acute care setting. Am J Infect Control, 2008; 36: 309-32. DOI: 10.1016/j. ajic.2008.03.002 31.Yataklı Tedavi Yönetmeliği. Kontrol Tarihi: 11.08.2005, Resmi Gazete Sayısı: 25903. eskiler/2005/08/20050811-6.htm Tarihi:13.06.2019). Resmi Gazete
31. http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/ (Erişim