Aşikar hipotiroidizmi olan hastalarda hiperlipidemi yıllar önce kanıtlanmıştır ve bu lipid bozukluklarına dayanarak ateroskleroz ile hipotiroidizm arasında güçlü bir ilişki kurulmuştur 1 . Subklinik hipotiroidizmin kardiyovasküler olaylarla ilişkisi ise kesin olarak ortaya konama-mıştır 2 .
References
Auer J, Berent R, Weber T, Lassnig E, Eber B. Thyroid function is associated with presence and severity of coronary atherosclerosis. Clin Cardiol 2003; 26(12): 569-73.
Surks MI, Ortiz E, Daniels GH, et al. Subclinical thyroid disease. JAMA 2004; 291(2): 228-38.
Caraccio N, Ferrannini E, Monzani F. Lipoprotein profile in subclinical hypothyroidism: Response to Levothyroxine Replacement, a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study. The journal of endoc and metab 2002; 87(4): 8.
Adlin V. Subclinical hypothyroidism: Deciding when to treat. American Family Phsician 1998; 57(4): 776-80.
Silva LM, Chavez J, Canalli MHB, Zanetti CR. Determination of Ig G subclasses and avidity of antithyroid peroxidase antibodies in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism-A comparison with patients with overt hypothyroidism. Hormone Research 2003; 59: 118-24.
Kanaya AM, Harris F, Volpato S, Perzs-Stable EJ, Harris T, Bauer DC. Association between thyroid dysfunction and total cholesterol level in an older biracial population. Arch Intern Med 2002; 162: 773-9.
Canaris GJ, Manowitz NR, Mayor G, Ridgway EC. The Colorado thyroid disease prevalence study. Arch İntern Med 2000; 160: 526-34.
Helfand M. Screening for subclinical thyroid disfunction in nonpregnant adults: A summary of the evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med 2004; 140(2): 128-41.
Efstathiadou Z, Bitsis S, Milionis HJ, et al. Lipid profile in subclinical hypothyroidism: is L-thyroxine substitution beneficial? European Journal of Endocrinology 2001; 145: 705-10.
Fatourechi V. Subclinical Thyroid Disease. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 2001; 76(4): 413-7.
Staub JJ, Althaus BU, Engler H, et al. Spectrum of subclinical and overt hypothyroidism: Effect on thyrotropin, prolactin, and thyroid reserve, and metabolic impact on peripheral target tissues. The American Journal of Medicine ; 92(6): 631-42.
Robbins SL, Kumar V. Patoloji. Çeviri Editörü: Uluoğlu Ö. Ankara 1990: 366.
Topol EJ. Textbook of cardiovascular medicine. Philadelphia, 2002: 201.
Onat A, Yazıcı M, Eryonucu B ve ark. TEKHARF 2002 yılı taramasının ölüm ve koroner olaylara ilişkin sonuçları. Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Arşivi 2002; 30(11): 694-8.
Abusamieh M, Ash J. Atherosclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Cardiology in Review 2004; 12(5): 75.
Erol Ç, Güzelsoy D, Koylan N ve ark. Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Koroner Arter Hastalığına Yaklaşım ve Tedavi Kılavuzu Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Arşivi 1999; 27(5): 262-72.
Prediman K. Link between infection and atherosclerosis: Who are the culprits: Viruses, bacteria, both or neither? Circulation 2001; 103(1): 5-7.
Bittner V. Women and coronary heart disease risk factors. Journal of cardiovascular risk 2002; 9(6): 315-22.
Liu X-Q, Rahman A, Bagdade JD, Alaupovic P, Kannan CR. Effect of thyroid hormone on plasma apolipoproteins and apoA and apoB-containinglp particles. European Journal of Clinical Investigation 1998; 28(4): 70.
Yıldırımkaya M, Özata M, Yılmaz K, Kılınç C, Gündoğan MA, Kutluay T. Lipoprotein(a) concentration in subclinical hypothyroidism before and after levo-thyroxine therapy. Endocrine Journal 1996; 43(6): 731-6.
Pucci E, Chiovato L, Pinchera A. Thyroid and lipid metabolism. International Journal of Obesity 2000; 24 (suppl.2): 109-12.
Tan KCP, Shiu SWM, Kung AWC. Effect of thyroid dysfunction on high-density lipoprotein subfraction metabolism: Roles of hepatic lipase and cholesteryl ester transfer protein. J Clin Endocrinol Metabolism 1998; 83(8): 4.
Hak AE, Pols HAP, Visser TJ, Drexhage HA, Hofman A, Witteman JCM. Subclinical hypothyroidism is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction in elderly women: The Rotterdam Study. Ann Intern Med 2000; 132: 270-8.
Luboshitzy R, Aviv A, Herer P, Lavie L. Risk factors for cardiovascular disease in women with subclinical hypothyroidism. Thyroid 2002; 12(5): 421-5.
Bauer DC, Ettinger B, Browner WS. Thyroid function and serum lipids in older women: A population-based study. Am J Med 1998; 104: 546-51.
Miura S, Iitaka M, Yoshimura H, et al. Disturbed lipid metabolism in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism: Effect of L-thyroxine therapy. Internal Medicine 1994; 33: 413-7.
Miura S, Iitaka M, Suzuki S, et al. Decrease in serum levels of thyroid hormone in patients with coronary heart disease. Endocrine Journal 1996; 43(6): 657-63.
Stubbs PJ, Mulrooney BD, Collinson PO, Fowler PBS, Noble MIM. Serum lipids and thyrotropin in women with coronary artery disease. European Heart Journal 1994; 15: 468-71.
Taddei S, Caraccio N, Virdis A, et al. Impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in subclinical hypothyroidism: Beneficial effect of levothyroxine therapy. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism ; 88(8): 3731-7.
Tsimihodimos V, Bairaktari E, Tzallas C, Miltiatus G, Liberopoulos E, Elisaf M. The incidence of thyroid function abnormalities in patients attending an outpatient lipid clinic. Thyroid 1999; 9(4): 365-8.
Langer P, Kocan A, Tajtakova M, et al. Thyroid function and cholesterol level: Paradoxical findings in large groups of population with high cholesterol food intake. Endocrine Regulations 2003; 37: 175-80.
Tanis B, Rudi G, Smelt HM. Effect of thyroid substitution on hypercholesterolemia in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism: a reanalysis of intervention studies. Clin Endocr 1996; 44(6): 643-9.
Pirich C, Müllner M, Sinzinger H. Prevalence and relevance of thyroid dysfunction in 1922 cholesterol screening participants. Journal of clin epidemiology 2000; 53: 623-9.
Duntas LH. Thyroid disease and lipids. Thyroid 2002; 12(4): 287-93.
Karlin NJ, Weintraub N, Chopra IJ. Current controversies in endocrinology: Screening of asymptomatic elderly for subclinical hypothyroidism. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2004; 5: 333-6.
Ladenson PW, Singer PA. American thyroid guidelines for detection of thyroid dysfunction. Arch Intern Med ; 160: 1573-5.
Subclinical Hypothyroidism And Atherosclerosis
Year 2004,
Volume: 61 Issue: 1, 41 - 47, 01.06.2004
Auer J, Berent R, Weber T, Lassnig E, Eber B. Thyroid function is associated with presence and severity of coronary atherosclerosis. Clin Cardiol 2003; 26(12): 569-73.
Surks MI, Ortiz E, Daniels GH, et al. Subclinical thyroid disease. JAMA 2004; 291(2): 228-38.
Caraccio N, Ferrannini E, Monzani F. Lipoprotein profile in subclinical hypothyroidism: Response to Levothyroxine Replacement, a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study. The journal of endoc and metab 2002; 87(4): 8.
Adlin V. Subclinical hypothyroidism: Deciding when to treat. American Family Phsician 1998; 57(4): 776-80.
Silva LM, Chavez J, Canalli MHB, Zanetti CR. Determination of Ig G subclasses and avidity of antithyroid peroxidase antibodies in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism-A comparison with patients with overt hypothyroidism. Hormone Research 2003; 59: 118-24.
Kanaya AM, Harris F, Volpato S, Perzs-Stable EJ, Harris T, Bauer DC. Association between thyroid dysfunction and total cholesterol level in an older biracial population. Arch Intern Med 2002; 162: 773-9.
Canaris GJ, Manowitz NR, Mayor G, Ridgway EC. The Colorado thyroid disease prevalence study. Arch İntern Med 2000; 160: 526-34.
Helfand M. Screening for subclinical thyroid disfunction in nonpregnant adults: A summary of the evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med 2004; 140(2): 128-41.
Efstathiadou Z, Bitsis S, Milionis HJ, et al. Lipid profile in subclinical hypothyroidism: is L-thyroxine substitution beneficial? European Journal of Endocrinology 2001; 145: 705-10.
Fatourechi V. Subclinical Thyroid Disease. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 2001; 76(4): 413-7.
Staub JJ, Althaus BU, Engler H, et al. Spectrum of subclinical and overt hypothyroidism: Effect on thyrotropin, prolactin, and thyroid reserve, and metabolic impact on peripheral target tissues. The American Journal of Medicine ; 92(6): 631-42.
Robbins SL, Kumar V. Patoloji. Çeviri Editörü: Uluoğlu Ö. Ankara 1990: 366.
Topol EJ. Textbook of cardiovascular medicine. Philadelphia, 2002: 201.
Onat A, Yazıcı M, Eryonucu B ve ark. TEKHARF 2002 yılı taramasının ölüm ve koroner olaylara ilişkin sonuçları. Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Arşivi 2002; 30(11): 694-8.
Abusamieh M, Ash J. Atherosclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Cardiology in Review 2004; 12(5): 75.
Erol Ç, Güzelsoy D, Koylan N ve ark. Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Koroner Arter Hastalığına Yaklaşım ve Tedavi Kılavuzu Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Arşivi 1999; 27(5): 262-72.
Prediman K. Link between infection and atherosclerosis: Who are the culprits: Viruses, bacteria, both or neither? Circulation 2001; 103(1): 5-7.
Bittner V. Women and coronary heart disease risk factors. Journal of cardiovascular risk 2002; 9(6): 315-22.
Liu X-Q, Rahman A, Bagdade JD, Alaupovic P, Kannan CR. Effect of thyroid hormone on plasma apolipoproteins and apoA and apoB-containinglp particles. European Journal of Clinical Investigation 1998; 28(4): 70.
Yıldırımkaya M, Özata M, Yılmaz K, Kılınç C, Gündoğan MA, Kutluay T. Lipoprotein(a) concentration in subclinical hypothyroidism before and after levo-thyroxine therapy. Endocrine Journal 1996; 43(6): 731-6.
Pucci E, Chiovato L, Pinchera A. Thyroid and lipid metabolism. International Journal of Obesity 2000; 24 (suppl.2): 109-12.
Tan KCP, Shiu SWM, Kung AWC. Effect of thyroid dysfunction on high-density lipoprotein subfraction metabolism: Roles of hepatic lipase and cholesteryl ester transfer protein. J Clin Endocrinol Metabolism 1998; 83(8): 4.
Hak AE, Pols HAP, Visser TJ, Drexhage HA, Hofman A, Witteman JCM. Subclinical hypothyroidism is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction in elderly women: The Rotterdam Study. Ann Intern Med 2000; 132: 270-8.
Luboshitzy R, Aviv A, Herer P, Lavie L. Risk factors for cardiovascular disease in women with subclinical hypothyroidism. Thyroid 2002; 12(5): 421-5.
Bauer DC, Ettinger B, Browner WS. Thyroid function and serum lipids in older women: A population-based study. Am J Med 1998; 104: 546-51.
Miura S, Iitaka M, Yoshimura H, et al. Disturbed lipid metabolism in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism: Effect of L-thyroxine therapy. Internal Medicine 1994; 33: 413-7.
Miura S, Iitaka M, Suzuki S, et al. Decrease in serum levels of thyroid hormone in patients with coronary heart disease. Endocrine Journal 1996; 43(6): 657-63.
Stubbs PJ, Mulrooney BD, Collinson PO, Fowler PBS, Noble MIM. Serum lipids and thyrotropin in women with coronary artery disease. European Heart Journal 1994; 15: 468-71.
Taddei S, Caraccio N, Virdis A, et al. Impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in subclinical hypothyroidism: Beneficial effect of levothyroxine therapy. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism ; 88(8): 3731-7.
Tsimihodimos V, Bairaktari E, Tzallas C, Miltiatus G, Liberopoulos E, Elisaf M. The incidence of thyroid function abnormalities in patients attending an outpatient lipid clinic. Thyroid 1999; 9(4): 365-8.
Langer P, Kocan A, Tajtakova M, et al. Thyroid function and cholesterol level: Paradoxical findings in large groups of population with high cholesterol food intake. Endocrine Regulations 2003; 37: 175-80.
Tanis B, Rudi G, Smelt HM. Effect of thyroid substitution on hypercholesterolemia in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism: a reanalysis of intervention studies. Clin Endocr 1996; 44(6): 643-9.
Pirich C, Müllner M, Sinzinger H. Prevalence and relevance of thyroid dysfunction in 1922 cholesterol screening participants. Journal of clin epidemiology 2000; 53: 623-9.
Duntas LH. Thyroid disease and lipids. Thyroid 2002; 12(4): 287-93.
Karlin NJ, Weintraub N, Chopra IJ. Current controversies in endocrinology: Screening of asymptomatic elderly for subclinical hypothyroidism. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2004; 5: 333-6.
Ladenson PW, Singer PA. American thyroid guidelines for detection of thyroid dysfunction. Arch Intern Med ; 160: 1573-5.
Turhan, S., Kütük, Z., & Uçar, F. (2004). Subklinik Hipotiroidizm Ve Ateroskleroz. Türk Hijyen Ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi, 61(1), 41-47.
AMA
Turhan S, Kütük Z, Uçar F. Subklinik Hipotiroidizm Ve Ateroskleroz. Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg. June 2004;61(1):41-47.
Chicago
Turhan, Serpil, Zeynep Kütük, and Fatma Uçar. “Subklinik Hipotiroidizm Ve Ateroskleroz”. Türk Hijyen Ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi 61, no. 1 (June 2004): 41-47.
EndNote
Turhan S, Kütük Z, Uçar F (June 1, 2004) Subklinik Hipotiroidizm Ve Ateroskleroz. Türk Hijyen ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi 61 1 41–47.
IEEE
S. Turhan, Z. Kütük, and F. Uçar, “Subklinik Hipotiroidizm Ve Ateroskleroz”, Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg, vol. 61, no. 1, pp. 41–47, 2004.
ISNAD
Turhan, Serpil et al. “Subklinik Hipotiroidizm Ve Ateroskleroz”. Türk Hijyen ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi 61/1 (June 2004), 41-47.
JAMA
Turhan S, Kütük Z, Uçar F. Subklinik Hipotiroidizm Ve Ateroskleroz. Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg. 2004;61:41–47.
MLA
Turhan, Serpil et al. “Subklinik Hipotiroidizm Ve Ateroskleroz”. Türk Hijyen Ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi, vol. 61, no. 1, 2004, pp. 41-47.
Vancouver
Turhan S, Kütük Z, Uçar F. Subklinik Hipotiroidizm Ve Ateroskleroz. Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg. 2004;61(1):41-7.