Şarbon Şüpheli Pakete Nbc Laboratuvarının Yaklaşımı: Olgu Sunumu

Year 2006, Volume: 63 Issue: 1, 165 - 169, 01.04.2006

Turan Karayılanoğlu Levent Kenar Mesut Ortatatlı Ali Öztuna

Abstract

Ekim 2001’de Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde şarbon sporları içeren zarflarla yapılan saldırılar biyoterörizmkavramının gerçek yüzünü göstermiştir. Şarbon, Bacillus anthracistarafından oluşturulan ve esas olarak ot yiyenhayvanların hastalığıdır. Hasta hayvanların doku ve kanından yapılan yaymalarda kapsüllü, Gram pozitif, uzunçomakların görülmesi şarbon tanısını koydursa da, doğadan elde edilen Gram pozitif basillerin tanımlamasıoldukça zordur. GATA NBC Bilim Dalı Başkanlığı’na 2003-2006 yılları arasında gelen şüpheli zarflar gerekligüvenlik önlemleri alınarak açılmış ve içerikleri kimyasal ve radyolojik incelemelerin ardından konvansiyonel kültürve moleküler biyoloji yöntemleri ile araştırılmıştır. RT-PCR yönteminin şarbon araştırılmasında etkili ve hızlı biryöntem olabileceği düşünülmektedir

Keywords

NBC, şüpheli paket, şarbon, analiz, PCR

The Approach Of Nbc Laboratory To Anthrax Suspected Packa Ge: Case Report

Abstract

Attacks made with envelopes containing spores of Bacillus anthracisin USA in October 2001 revealed realface of bioterrorism concept. Anthrax is primarly a disease of herbivores caused by B.anthracis. Althoughobserving encapsulated Gram positive rods on the Gram staining of the tissue and blood specimens of theinfected animals supports diagnosis of anthrax, the identification of Gram positive bacilli gained from the natureis very difficult. In this paper, methods conducted for the investigation of the suspicions envelopes which weresubmitted to the Department of Medical NBC Defense of Gulhane Military Medical Academy between the years2003-2006 are discussed. By taking the appropriate safety precautions, the analysis of the suspicious materialsare carried out by either conventional culture methods or molecular biological techniques following chemical andradiological examinations

Keywords

NBC, suspicious package, anthrax, identification, PCR

References

• 1. DaSilva EJ. Biological warfare, bioterrorism, biodefence and the biological and toxin weapons convention. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, 1999; 2: 109–39.
• 2. Bacon DR. Biological warfare: An historical perspective. Preoperative Medicine and Pain, 2003; 22: 224-9.
• 3. Inglesby TV, Henderson DA, Bartlett JG, et al. Anthrax as a biological weapon. JAMA, 1999; 281: 1735-45.
• 4. Inglesby TV, O’Toole T, Henderson DA, et al. Anthrax as a biological weapon. JAMA, 2002; 287: 2236-52.
• 5. Houpikian P, Raoult D. Traditional and molecular techniques for the study of emerging bacterial diseases: one laboratory’s perspective. Emerg Infect Dis, 2002; 8: 122-31.
• 6. Heller MB, Bunning ML, France MEB, et al. Laboratory response to anthrax bioterrorism, New York City, 2001. Emerg Infect Dis, 2002; 8: 1096-102.
• 7. Sacchi CT, Whitney AM, Mayer LW, et al. Sequencing of 16S rRNA gene: a rapid tool for identification of Bacillus anthracis. Emerg Infect Dis, 2002; 8: 1117-23.
• 8. Quinn CP, Semenova VA, Elie CM, et al. Specific, sensitive, and quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for human immunoglobulin G antibodies to anthrax toxin protective antigen. Emerg Infect Dis, 2002; 8 : 1 1 0 3-9 .
• 9. Quinn CP, Dull PM, Semenova VA, et al. Immune response to Bacillus anthracis protective antigen in patients with bioterrorism-related cutaneous or inhalational anthrax. J Inf Dis, 2004; 190: 1228-36.
• 10. Hoffmaster AR, Meyer RF, Bowen MP, et al. Evaluation and validation of a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for rapid identification of Bacillus anthracis. Emerg Infect Dis, 2002; 8: 1178-82.
• 11. Makino S, Cheun H. Application of the real-time PCR for the detection of airborne microbial pathogens in reference to the anthrax spores. J Microbiol Methods, 2003; 53: 141-7.
• 12. Keim P, Price LB, Klevytska AM, et al. Multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis reveals genetic relationships within Bacillus anthracis. J Bacteriol, 2000; May: 2928–36.
• 13. Ortatatlı M. Biyolojik Afetler. In: Eryılmaz M, Dizer U, eds. Afet Tıbbı. Cilt 2. Ankara: Ünsal Yayınları, 2005: 1207-55.
• 14. Ceylan S. Epidemiyolojik Yaklaşım ve Stratejiler. In: Karayılanoğlu T, ed. Kimyasal ve Biyolojik Terörizm. Ankara: GATA Basımevi, 2002: 91-6.
• 15. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Update: investigation of bioterrorism-related anthrax and interim guidelines for exposure management and antimicrobial therapy, October 2001. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 2001; 50: 909-19.