Amaç: Kan akım enfeksiyonları en yaygın nozokomiyal enfeksiyonlardan olup önemli mortalite ve morbidite nedenlerindendir. Erken tanı ve tedavi hasta prognozu açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bakteriyemi ve sepsis tanısı için en güvenilir yöntem kan kültürüdür. Bu çalışmada, tıbbi mikrobiyoloji laboratuvarına Ocak 2011 - Aralık 2014 tarihleri arasında çeşitli kliniklerden gönderilen kan kültürlerinden, izole edilen mikroorganizmaların tanımlanması ve antibiyotiklere direnç profillerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem: Kan kültürleri, BACTEC 9120 BectonDickinson Diagnostic Instrument Systems, USA otomasyon sistemi ile çalışılmıştır. Mikroorganizmaların tanımlanması konvansiyonel yöntemler ve BD Phoenix Otomatize Mirobiyoloji Tanımlama Sistemi Becton Dickinson and Company, Sparks, USA kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Bakterilerin antibiyotik duyarlılıkları Kirby-Bauer disk difüzyon metodu ile çalışılmış ve Klinik ve Laboratuvar Standartları Enstitüsü Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute-CLSI kriterlerine göre değerlendirilmiştir.Bulgular: Çalışmamızda, 22.366 hastadan alınan toplam 50.850 kan kültürü incelenmiş ve kültürlerin 7510 %14,7 ’unda üreme saptanmıştır. Üreyen cultures. 4.894 67.5% of the reproduced microorganisms were Gram positive cocci 71% plasma coagulase negative staphylococci, 9% Staphylococcus aureus, %9 Enterococcus sp., and %6 Streptococcus sp. , 181 2.4% were Gram positive bacillus, 2105 28% were Gram negative Bacillus 32.9% E. coli, 23.9% Klebsiella sp., 16% Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 13% Acinetobacter sp., and 5.8% Enterobacter sp. , 21 0.27% were anaerobe bacteria and 305 4% were fungus type 96.7% Candida sp. . Methicillin resistance was detected as 34% in plasma coagulase negative staphylococci and 20.9% in S. aureus. Vancomycin resistance in enterococcus was determined as 13%. Broad spectrum beta lactamase formation was found as 34% in E. coli and 50% in Klebsiella sp. Carbapenemase production was detected as 8% in E.coli and 17% in Klebsiella sp. Resistance rates of E.coli and Klebsiella sp. to ampicillin was respectively as 44.7% and 100%, to gentamicin 26% and 27%, to amicasin 15% and 17%, to amoxicillin+clavulanate acid 30% and 35%, cefuroxime 41% and 51%, to cefepime 35% and 50%, to ceftazidime and cefotaxime 36% and 50%, and to ciprofloxacin 39.5% and 31.8%. Resistance rates of Acinetobacter sp. and P. aeruginosa to ceftazidime was respectively 78% and 22%, to ciprofloxacin 64% and 12.6%, to imipenem 63.6% and 26.5%, to gentamicin 56% and 11.8%, to amicasin 53% and 7%, to piperacillin + tazobactam 58% and 12%, to cefepime 61% and 16.6%, to cefotaxime 74.7% and 22%, and to cefoperazone + sulbactam 56.7% and 11%.Conclusion: It is understood that staphylococci resistant to methicillin, which is a significant problem in our hospital, bacteria like E. coli and Klebsiella sp., and bacteria like Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter genus are multiple-drug resistant and that this resistance has undergone a change over time
Objective: Bloodstream infections are the most common nosocomial infections and significant reasons for mortality and morbidity. Early diagnosis and treatment are of vital importance in terms of patient prognosis. Blood culture is the most reliable method for the diagnosis of bacteremia and sepsis. The aim of this study was to identify the microorganisms isolated from the blood cultures sent to medical microbiology laboratory from various clinics between January 2011 and December 2014 and to determine antibiotic resistance profiles of these microorganisms.Methods: Blood cultures were studied by the BACTEC 9120 Becton-Dickinson Diagnostic Instrument Systems, USA automation system. The identification of the microorganisms was carried out by using both conventional methods and BD Phoenix Automized Microbiology Identification System Becton Dickinson and Company, Sparks, USA . Antibiotic susceptibility of the bacteria was studied with Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and evaluated as regards the criteria of Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute CLSI . Results: One A total of 50.850 blood cultures taken from 22.366 patients were examined in this study and reproduction was detected in 7.510 14.7% of the cultures. 4.894 67.5% of the reproduced microorganisms were Gram positive cocci 71% plasma coagulase negative staphylococci, 9% Staphylococcus aureus, %9 Enterococcus sp., and %6 Streptococcus sp. , 181 2.4% were Gram positive bacillus, 2105 28% were Gram negative Bacillus 32.9% E. coli, 23.9% Klebsiella sp., 16% Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 13% Acinetobacter sp., and 5.8% Enterobacter sp. , 21 0.27% were anaerobe bacteria and 305 4% were fungus type 96.7% Candida sp. . Methicillin resistance was detected as 34% in plasma coagulase negative staphylococci and 20.9% in S. aureus. Vancomycin resistance in enterococcus was determined as 13%. Broad spectrum beta lactamase formation was found as 34% in E. coli and 50% in Klebsiella sp. Carbapenemase production was detected as 8% in E.coli and 17% in Klebsiella sp. Resistance rates of E.coli and Klebsiella sp. to ampicillin was respectively as 44.7% and 100%, to gentamicin 26% and 27%, to amicasin 15% and 17%, to amoxicillin+clavulanate acid 30% and 35%, cefuroxime 41% and 51%, to cefepime 35% and 50%, to ceftazidime and cefotaxime 36% and 50%, and to ciprofloxacin 39.5% and 31.8%. Resistance rates of Acinetobacter sp. and P. aeruginosa to ceftazidime was respectively 78% and 22%, to ciprofloxacin 64% and 12.6%, to imipenem 63.6% and 26.5%, to gentamicin 56% and 11.8%, to amicasin 53% and 7%, to piperacillin + tazobactam 58% and 12%, to cefepime 61% and 16.6%, to cefotaxime 74.7% and 22%, and to cefoperazone + sulbactam 56.7% and 11%.Conclusion: It is understood that staphylococci resistant to methicillin, which is a significant problem in our hospital, bacteria like E. coli and Klebsiella sp., and bacteria like Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter genus are multiple-drug resistant and that this resistance has undergone a change over time
Primary Language | English |
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Journal Section | Research Article |
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Publication Date | March 1, 2017 |
Published in Issue | Year 2017 Volume: 74 Issue: 1 |