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Kontamine sıvı el sabunlarına bağlı hastane infeksiyonu salgını analizi: Tek merkezli bir çalışma

Year 2019, Volume: 76 Issue: 3, 267 - 274, 01.09.2019

Abstract

Amaç: P. aeruginosa ve Klebsiella spp. hastane enfeksiyonuna neden olan patojenik gram-negatif bakterilerden en sık karşılaşılan iki çeşididir. Yetersiz hijyen ve bakteri ile kontamine olmuş sıvı el sabunları, söz konusu bakterilerin yayılmasında öne çıkan iki faktördür. Bu çalışmada üçüncü seviye bakım yapan bir hastanede hastane enfeksiyonu salgınının neden ve kaynaklarını belirledik.Yöntem: Salgın esnasında antiseptik içermeyen anyonik sıvı sabun ile doldurulmuş sıvı sabunluklardan ve salgından sonraki beş yılda antiseptik sıvı sabun ile doldurulmuş sıvı sabunluklardan rastgele kültür örnekleri alınmıştır. Alınan örnekler eozin metilen mavi agar ve kanlı agar besiyerlerine ekildi ve elde edilen bakteri izolatlarının tanımlaması VITEK® 2 Compact otomatize sistemi bioMérieux, Marcy l’Etoile, Fransa kullanılarak gerçekleştirildi. Bulgular: Hastanemizde 2011 yılında meydana gelen bir hastane enfeksiyonu salgını sırasında 18 koroner bypass hastasından alınan kültür örneklerinde P. aeruginosa n=17 ve Klebsiella spp. n=8 izole edilmiştir. A tipi sıvı el sabununun anyonik, antiseptik içermeyen kültür örneklerinde salgın boyunca ve dezenfeksiyon sonrası erken dönemlerde P. aeruginosa n=58 ve Klebsiella spp. n=15 izole edilmistir. Salgın sonrasındaki beş yıllık süreçte B antiseptikli köpük sabun ve C antiseptikli sıvı sabun tipi sabun kullanımlarında herhangi bir hastane salgınına rastlanmadı. Sadece B tipi sabunluklardan alınan örneklerde eser miktarda P. aeruginosa n=1 ve Klebsiella spp. n=2 gözlenmiştir. C tipi sabunluklardan alınan örneklerde herhangi bir bakteriye rastlanmadı. Sonuç: Antiseptik içeren tek kullanımlık sıvı el sabunu kullanımı, bulaşmayı engelleyerek hastane enfeksiyonu salgınını önler

References

  • 1. Gaynes R, Edwards JR. Overview of nosocomial infections caused by gram-negative bacilli (National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System).Clin Infect Dis 2005;41: 848-54.
  • 2. Tyczkowska-Sieron R, Bartoszko-Tyczkowska A, Gaszynski W. Bacterial infections in Intensive Care Unit patients analyzed on the example of the Lodz Medical University Hospital No 1 in the period 2002- 2015. Med Dosw Mikrobiol 2016;68:39-46.
  • 3. Boyce JM, Pittet D. Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-Care Settings: recommendations of the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee and the HICPAC/SHEA/APIC/IDSA Hand Hygiene Task Force. Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee. Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. Association for Professionals in Infection Control. Infectious Diseases Society of America. Hand Hygiene Task Force. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2002;23(12 Suppl):S3-40.
  • 4. Esen S. Hand hygiene and antiseptics. In Gunaydin M, Sunbul M, editors. National Sterilization and Disinfection Congress Book. Ankara, 2003: SIMAD press. 120-30.
  • 5. Geadas Farias P, Gama F, Reis D, Alarico S, Empadinhas N, Martins JC, et al. Hospital microbial surface colonization revealed during monitoring of Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and non-tuberculous mycobacteria. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2017;110:863-76.
  • 6. Fanci R, Bartolozzi B, Sergi S, Casalone E, Pecile P, Cecconi D, et al. Molecular epidemiological investigation of an outbreak of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in an SCT unit. Bone Marrow Transplant 2009;43:335-8.
  • 7. Lanini S, D’Arezzo S, Puro V, Martini L, Imperi F, Piselli P, et al. Molecular epidemiology of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa hospital outbreak driven by a contaminated disinfectant-soap dispenser. PLoS One 2011; 6:e17064.
  • 8. Blanc DS, Gomes Magalhaes B, Abdelbary M, Prod’hom G, Greub G, Wasserfallen JB, et al. Hand soap contamination by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a tertiary care hospital: no evidence of impact on patients. J Hosp Infect 2016; 93:63-7.
  • 9. Scheithauer S, Batzer B, Dangel M, Passweg J, Widmer A. Workload even affects hand hygiene in a highly trained and well-staffed setting: a prospective 365/7/24 observational study. J Hosp Infect 2017;97:11-6.
  • 10. Ataee RA, Ataee MH, Mehrabi Tavana A, Salesi M. Bacteriological Aspects of Hand Washing: A Key for Health Promotion and Infections Control. Int J Prev Med 2017; 8:16.
  • 11. de Vries JH, van Dorp WT, van Barneveld PW. A randomized trial of alcohol 70% versus alcoholic iodine 2% in skin disinfection before insertion of peripheral infusion catheters. J.Hosp. Infect 1997;36:317-20.
  • 12. Boyce JM. Using alcohol for hand antisepsis: Dispelling old myths. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2000; 21:438-41.
  • 13. Marino C, Cohen M. Washington state hospital survey 2000: gloves, hand washing agents and moisturizers. Am J Infect Control 2001; 29: 422-4.
  • 14. Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee and Hand-Hygiene Task Force; Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America; Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology; Infection Diseases Society of America Guideline for hand hygiene in healthcare settings. J Am Coll Surg 2004; 198:121-7.

Analysis of nosocomial outbreak caused by contamined liquid hand soaps: A single-center study

Year 2019, Volume: 76 Issue: 3, 267 - 274, 01.09.2019

Abstract

Objective: P. aeruginosa and Klebsiella spp. are the most common gram negative pathogens seen in the etiology of hospital acquired infection outbreaks. Inadequate hygiene and contaminated liquid hand soaps have important roles in the spread of bacteria. In this study, we identified the source and causes of nosocomial infection outbreak in a tertiary hospital.Methods: CCulture samples were randomly obtained from soap dispensers filled with anionic liquid hand soap without antiseptic during the outbreak and from dispensers containing disposable liquid hand soap with antiseptic within the 5 years after the outbreak. The samples were cultivated in eosin methylene blue agar and blood agar mediums. In the identification of obtained samples, VITEK® 2 Compact automated system bioMérieux, Marcy l’Etoile, France was used.Results: Among culture samples obtained from 18 patients with coronary by-pass during nosocomial outbreak in our hospital in 2011, P. aeruginosa n=17 and Klebsiella spp. n=8 were isoled. . In culture samples of type A liquid hand soap group anionic, antiseptic-free , P. aeruginosa n=58 and Klebsiella spp. n=15 were isolatedduring nosocomial infection erken dönemlerde P. aeruginosa n=58 ve Klebsiella spp. n=15 izole edilmistir. Salgın sonrasındaki beş yıllık süreçte B antiseptikli köpük sabun ve C antiseptikli sıvı sabun tipi sabun kullanımlarında herhangi bir hastane salgınına rastlanmadı. Sadece B tipi sabunluklardan alınan örneklerde eser miktarda P. aeruginosa n=1 ve Klebsiella spp. n=2 gözlenmiştir. C tipi sabunluklardan alınan örneklerde herhangi bir bakteriye rastlanmadı. Sonuç: Antiseptik içeren tek kullanımlık sıvı el sabunu kullanımı, bulaşmayı engelleyerek hastane enfeksiyonu salgınını önler

References

  • 1. Gaynes R, Edwards JR. Overview of nosocomial infections caused by gram-negative bacilli (National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System).Clin Infect Dis 2005;41: 848-54.
  • 2. Tyczkowska-Sieron R, Bartoszko-Tyczkowska A, Gaszynski W. Bacterial infections in Intensive Care Unit patients analyzed on the example of the Lodz Medical University Hospital No 1 in the period 2002- 2015. Med Dosw Mikrobiol 2016;68:39-46.
  • 3. Boyce JM, Pittet D. Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-Care Settings: recommendations of the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee and the HICPAC/SHEA/APIC/IDSA Hand Hygiene Task Force. Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee. Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. Association for Professionals in Infection Control. Infectious Diseases Society of America. Hand Hygiene Task Force. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2002;23(12 Suppl):S3-40.
  • 4. Esen S. Hand hygiene and antiseptics. In Gunaydin M, Sunbul M, editors. National Sterilization and Disinfection Congress Book. Ankara, 2003: SIMAD press. 120-30.
  • 5. Geadas Farias P, Gama F, Reis D, Alarico S, Empadinhas N, Martins JC, et al. Hospital microbial surface colonization revealed during monitoring of Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and non-tuberculous mycobacteria. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2017;110:863-76.
  • 6. Fanci R, Bartolozzi B, Sergi S, Casalone E, Pecile P, Cecconi D, et al. Molecular epidemiological investigation of an outbreak of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in an SCT unit. Bone Marrow Transplant 2009;43:335-8.
  • 7. Lanini S, D’Arezzo S, Puro V, Martini L, Imperi F, Piselli P, et al. Molecular epidemiology of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa hospital outbreak driven by a contaminated disinfectant-soap dispenser. PLoS One 2011; 6:e17064.
  • 8. Blanc DS, Gomes Magalhaes B, Abdelbary M, Prod’hom G, Greub G, Wasserfallen JB, et al. Hand soap contamination by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a tertiary care hospital: no evidence of impact on patients. J Hosp Infect 2016; 93:63-7.
  • 9. Scheithauer S, Batzer B, Dangel M, Passweg J, Widmer A. Workload even affects hand hygiene in a highly trained and well-staffed setting: a prospective 365/7/24 observational study. J Hosp Infect 2017;97:11-6.
  • 10. Ataee RA, Ataee MH, Mehrabi Tavana A, Salesi M. Bacteriological Aspects of Hand Washing: A Key for Health Promotion and Infections Control. Int J Prev Med 2017; 8:16.
  • 11. de Vries JH, van Dorp WT, van Barneveld PW. A randomized trial of alcohol 70% versus alcoholic iodine 2% in skin disinfection before insertion of peripheral infusion catheters. J.Hosp. Infect 1997;36:317-20.
  • 12. Boyce JM. Using alcohol for hand antisepsis: Dispelling old myths. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2000; 21:438-41.
  • 13. Marino C, Cohen M. Washington state hospital survey 2000: gloves, hand washing agents and moisturizers. Am J Infect Control 2001; 29: 422-4.
  • 14. Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee and Hand-Hygiene Task Force; Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America; Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology; Infection Diseases Society of America Guideline for hand hygiene in healthcare settings. J Am Coll Surg 2004; 198:121-7.
There are 14 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Rezan Harman This is me

Mehmet Dokur This is me

Publication Date September 1, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 76 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Harman, R., & Dokur, M. (2019). Analysis of nosocomial outbreak caused by contamined liquid hand soaps: A single-center study. Türk Hijyen Ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi, 76(3), 267-274.
AMA Harman R, Dokur M. Analysis of nosocomial outbreak caused by contamined liquid hand soaps: A single-center study. Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg. September 2019;76(3):267-274.
Chicago Harman, Rezan, and Mehmet Dokur. “Analysis of Nosocomial Outbreak Caused by Contamined Liquid Hand Soaps: A Single-Center Study”. Türk Hijyen Ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi 76, no. 3 (September 2019): 267-74.
EndNote Harman R, Dokur M (September 1, 2019) Analysis of nosocomial outbreak caused by contamined liquid hand soaps: A single-center study. Türk Hijyen ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi 76 3 267–274.
IEEE R. Harman and M. Dokur, “Analysis of nosocomial outbreak caused by contamined liquid hand soaps: A single-center study”, Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg, vol. 76, no. 3, pp. 267–274, 2019.
ISNAD Harman, Rezan - Dokur, Mehmet. “Analysis of Nosocomial Outbreak Caused by Contamined Liquid Hand Soaps: A Single-Center Study”. Türk Hijyen ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi 76/3 (September 2019), 267-274.
JAMA Harman R, Dokur M. Analysis of nosocomial outbreak caused by contamined liquid hand soaps: A single-center study. Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg. 2019;76:267–274.
MLA Harman, Rezan and Mehmet Dokur. “Analysis of Nosocomial Outbreak Caused by Contamined Liquid Hand Soaps: A Single-Center Study”. Türk Hijyen Ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi, vol. 76, no. 3, 2019, pp. 267-74.
Vancouver Harman R, Dokur M. Analysis of nosocomial outbreak caused by contamined liquid hand soaps: A single-center study. Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg. 2019;76(3):267-74.