COVID-19 pandemisinin epidemiyolojik ve klinik yönleri ve tedavide dünyanın ortak deneyimleri: Türkiye deneyimi

Year 2020, Volume: 77 Issue: 3, 355 - 366, 01.09.2020

Hasan Karageçili Zuhal Yıldırım

Abstract

COVID-19 salgınının SARS ve MERS gibi Çin’de sona ereceği düşünülüyordu. Ancak öngörülemedi, İran’a, sonra İtalya’dan Avrupa kıtasına yayıldı ve kısa sürede ve yaygın şekilde Amerika’ya yayıldı. Türkiye’den Çin’e bakmanın bizim için çok uzak bir hikaye olduğu düşünülüyordu. İtalya üzerindeki ağır etkisini gösterdiğinde, bir sonraki fotoğrafımız olduğu fikrini verdi. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü ne kadar yavaş davranırsa davransın, hastalığı bu dönemde salgın olarak ilan etmesi ciddiyeti arttırdı. COVID-19, PCR testi ile onaylandıktan sonra, radyolojik görüntüleme göğüs tomografisi ile akciğerlerdeki yayılma tespit edilmektedir. Genel klinik bulguları ateş, öksürük, baş ağrısı ve kas güçsüzlüğü ile karakterizedir. Bu hastalığı hafif atlatanların olmasının yanında, semptom göstermeden bulaşıcılığının yüksek oranda olması hem iyi hem kötü, ikili bir durum doğurmaktadır. Hastalığın insandan insana bulaşmasını önlemek için temastan kaçınmak, kişisel mesafeyi korumak, maske takmak ve el hijyenine dikkat etmek çok önemlidir. Şüpheli hastalığı olanların kendilerini izole etmeleri, karantinaya alınmaları ve bir doktor gözetiminde tutulmaları önemlidir. Son üç gün aileleri ile temas halinde olan hastaların taranması ve gözlemlenmesi, kontaminasyon zincirini kırmanın en iyi yoludur. Ülkemizde filyasyon için kurulan ekipler çok çalışmaktadır. Hasta vaka sayısı Türkiye’de 22 Mayıs itibariyle 154.500 idi. Ölü sayısı 4276, mortalite oranı ise %2.8 idi. COVID-19 vaka sayıları ve mortalite oranları, 65 yaşın üzerindeki ve 20 yaşından küçüklerin sokağa çıkmalarının kısıtlanması ile azaldı. Tedavi protokolünde kullanılan hidroksiklorokin, favipiravir ilaçları ve destekleyici tedaviler ile Türkiye’de tedavinin başarılı olduğu belirtilmektedir.

Keywords

COVID-19, pandemi, filyasyon, epidemiyoloji

Epidemiological and clinical aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic and world common experiences in treatment: Turkey experience

Abstract

The COVID-19 outbreak like SARS and MERS would have been thought to end in China. But it has not been envisaged, spread in Iran then Italy to continental Europe and spread to America in very prevalant and in a very short time. It was thought that looking to China from Turkey was very distant story for us. When it showed that the heavy influence on Italy, gave us the idea to be our next photograph. No matter how slow the World Health Organization behaved, the fact that it declared the disease as a pandemic during this period, increased the seriousness. COVID-19, after confirmation with the PCR test, the detection of spread in the lungs with radiological imaging chest tomography is also done. Commonly presented clinical findings were characterized by fever, cough, headache and muscle weakness. Some person recovered with mild symptoms of this disease contrary to the high level of contagiousness without symptoms of this disease sign both a good and a bad condition. It is very crucial to avoid contact, to protect personal distance, to wear a mask and to pay attention to hand hygiene to prevent disease transmission from human to human. It is important for those with suspected diseases to isolate themselves, to be quarantined and to be kept under the supervision of a doctor. The screening and observation of patients with whom they have been in contact with their families for the last three days is the best way to break the chain of contamination. Teams established to contact tracing are working hard in our country. The number of patient cases in Turkey as of May 22, 154.500. The number of death was 4.276, with 2.8% ratio. COVID-19 case numbers and mortality rates declined with the curfew of over 65-year old people and younger than 20s. With the drugs that were used in the treatment protocol as hydroxychloroquine, favipiravir and supportive treatments, in Turkey, it is stated that the treatment was good

Keywords

COVID-19, pandemic, contact tracing, epidemiology

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